考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京工業(yè)大學(xué)浦江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京工業(yè)大學(xué)浦江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Long-termexposuretomassmediaportrayalsofviolencemightmaketheaudienceinsensitiveor_____torealactsofviolence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotionallyneutral

B.neutrallyemotional

C.emotionallymutual

D.mutuallyemotional

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義。neutral“中立的”，emotionally“情緒上；感情上”。句意：觀眾在大眾媒體上看多了暴力就會(huì)對(duì)暴力持中立態(tài)度，即對(duì)暴力失去了感覺。neutral表示觀眾對(duì)暴力的態(tài)度，emotionally則用來(lái)修飾neutral，表示“情感上是中立的”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe___oflessons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.observation觀察；監(jiān)視B.investigation調(diào)查；調(diào)查研究

C.inspection視察；檢查D.examination考試；檢查

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，教師實(shí)習(xí)的學(xué)生經(jīng)常去學(xué)校參加培訓(xùn)，培訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容是forthe____oflessons，由此可以推斷出進(jìn)行教師實(shí)習(xí)的學(xué)生是去本地的學(xué)校觀察上課。observation指一段時(shí)間內(nèi)仔細(xì)觀察某人/某事物的行為，尤指為了學(xué)習(xí)某事物。因此A.observation“觀察”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)investigation指對(duì)某一情況、犯罪等事實(shí)的官方審查，或者是對(duì)某一主題或問題的事實(shí)進(jìn)行的科學(xué)或?qū)W術(shù)檢查，而本句重點(diǎn)在于去觀察當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的課程，不屬于犯罪等事實(shí)，也不屬于科學(xué)或?qū)W術(shù)檢查；

C選項(xiàng)inspection指對(duì)學(xué)校、工廠等的正式訪問，以檢查規(guī)章是否被遵守，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是否可接受，教師實(shí)習(xí)的學(xué)生并不是正式訪問，排除；

D選項(xiàng)examination指仔細(xì)檢查（某事物/某人），尤指檢查是否有問題或找出問題的原因，不符合句子語(yǔ)境。

【句意】在他們的第一個(gè)教師培訓(xùn)年，學(xué)生們經(jīng)常去當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校觀察課程。

3.單選題

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.configuration

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.contamination

【答案】D

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Configuration“布置，結(jié)構(gòu)”；constitution“建立，組成，憲法”;condemnation“譴責(zé)”;contamination“污染，玷污;污染物”。句意：最近在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇文章認(rèn)為，巖層大部分有有機(jī)化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)自于地球上的污染而不是火星上的細(xì)菌。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Ingeneral,the（

）amountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotalforlivingexpenses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.advisable

C.available

D.applicable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一般來(lái)說，學(xué)生在住房上的開支應(yīng)控制在生活費(fèi)總額的五分之一以內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指可用的費(fèi)用，選項(xiàng)B更符合句意。

5.單選題

Botanistsarenotsurewherethefirstplantwasgrownoreven（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatplantwas

B.itwaswhatplant

C.whatplantwasit

D.whatplantitwas

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。主語(yǔ)為Botanists，謂語(yǔ)為arenotsure（不確定），因此where…grown為賓語(yǔ)從句，由題干關(guān)鍵詞or可知even這一部分也為并列的賓語(yǔ)從句，因此應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。故選D項(xiàng)。句意：植物學(xué)家不確定第一株植物生長(zhǎng)在哪里，甚至不知道它是什么植物。

6.單選題

Themostusefulwayoflookingatamapisnotasapieceofpaper,butasarecordof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.organizedgeographicalinformation

B.geographicalorganizedinformation

C.geographicallyorganizedinformation

D.organizedgeographicallyinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查修飾關(guān)系。Organized是作定語(yǔ)修飾information,geographically修飾organized，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Alongthelow-lyingColoradoRiver.

B.AttheDinosaurNationalMonument.

C.AlongtheborderoftheU.S.andCanada.

D.Atmuseumsofnaturalhistoryinlargecities.20.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Volcanicexplosionscouldbringwholeanimalspeciestoextinction.

B.Somenaturaldisasterkilledawholeherdofdinosaursinthearea.

C.Thepitshouldbecarefullypreservedforthestudyofdinosaurs.

D.Thewholeregionmusthavebeenstruckbyadevastatingflood.21.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfloateddownaneastwardflowingriver.

B.Theylayburieddeepinthesandformillionsofyears.

C.Theywereskeletonsofdinosaursinhabitingthelocality.

D.Theywereremainsofdinosaurskilledinavolcanicexplosion.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】RecordingTwo

Thepartialskeletonsofmorethan20dinosaursandscatteredbonesofabout300morehavebeendiscoveredinUtahandColoradoatwhatisnowtheDinosaurNationalMonument.[19]ManyofthebestspecimensmaybeseentodayatmuseumsofnaturalhistoryinthelargercitiesoftheUnitedStatesandCanada.Thisdinosaurpitisthelargestandbest-preserveddepositofdinosaursknowntoday.[20]Manypeoplegettheideafromthemassivebonesinthepitwallthatsomedisaster,suchasavolcanicexplosionorasuddenflood,killedawholeherdofdinosaursinthisarea.Thiscouldhavehappened,butitprobablydidnot.

Themainreasonsforthinkingotherwisearethescatteredbonesandthethicknessofthedeposit.Inotherdepositswheretheanimalswerethoughttohavediedtogether,theskeletonswereusuallycompleteandoftenalltheboneswereintheirproperplaces.Roundedpiecesoffossilbonehavebeenfoundhere.Thesefragmentsgottheirsmooth,roundshapebyrollingalongthestreambottom.Inamasskilling,theboneswould’vebeenleftonthestreamorlakebottomtogetheratthesamelevel.Butinthisdeposit,thebonesoccurthroughoutazoneofsandstoneabout12feetthick.

Themixtureofswampdwellersanddrylandtypesalsoseemstoindicatethatthedepositisamixturefromdifferentplaces.Thepitareaisalargedinosaurgraveyard—notaplacewheretheydied.[21]Mostoftheremainsprobablyfloateddownaneastwardflowingriveruntiltheywereleftonashallowsandbar.Someofthemmayhavecomefromfarawaydrylandareastothewest.Perhapstheydrownedtryingtocrossasmallstream,orwashedawayduringfloods.Someoftheswampdwellersmayhavegotstuckintheverysandbarthatbecametheirgrave.Othersmayhavefloatedformilesbeforebeingstranded.

Eventoday,similareventstakeplace:whenfloodscomeinthespring,sheep,cattle,anddeerareoftentrappedbyrisingwatersandoftendrown.Theirdeadbodiesfloatdownstreamuntilthefloodre-cedes,andleavesthemstrandedonabarorshorewheretheylie,halfburiedinthesanduntiltheydecay.EarlytravelersontheMissouriRiverreportedthatshoresandbarswereoftenlinedwiththedecayingbodiesofbuffalothathaddiedduringspringfloods.

19.WherecanmanyofthebestdinosaurspecimensbefoundinNorthAmerica?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問在北美哪里可以找到許多最好的恐龍標(biāo)本？錄音中提到，如今可以在美國(guó)和加拿大一些大城市的自然歷史博物館里看到許多最好的標(biāo)本，因此D選項(xiàng)“大城市的自然歷史博物館”與錄音原文一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“地勢(shì)低洼的科羅拉多河沿岸”；B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家恐龍紀(jì)念遺址”；錄音開頭提到，美國(guó)猶他州和科羅拉多州是恐龍骨骼的發(fā)掘地，如今被稱為DinosaurNationalMonument，并不是標(biāo)本保存的地方，因此A選項(xiàng)和B選項(xiàng)均可排除；C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)和加拿大的邊界沿線”，錄音中提到了美國(guó)和加拿大，但并未提到邊界，因此不正確。

20.Whatoccurstomanypeoplewhentheyseethemassivebonesinthepitwall?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問很多人看到坑壁里巨大的骨骼時(shí)會(huì)想到什么？錄音中提到，許多人看到巨坑中的恐龍骨骼，認(rèn)為是一些自然災(zāi)害使得一大群的恐龍?jiān)嵘碓谶@片區(qū)域，B選項(xiàng)“一些自然災(zāi)害導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)一群恐龍死亡”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“火山爆發(fā)使得整個(gè)動(dòng)物群滅絕”和D選項(xiàng)“整片地區(qū)一定是被洪流淹沒的”表述過于絕對(duì)，錄音中均沒有明確的信息可以證明，因此可排除；C選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)巨坑應(yīng)該小心保存下來(lái)用作恐龍研究”在錄音中未提及，因此不選。

21.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestaboutthelargenumberofdinosaurbonesfoundinthepit?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問說話人對(duì)于在巨坑中發(fā)現(xiàn)的大量恐龍骨骼有什么看法？錄音中提到，大部分遺骸可能是順著河流向東漂流而下，最后留在了一個(gè)淺灘上。A選項(xiàng)“它們順著河流向東漂流而下”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它們被深埋在沙子里達(dá)數(shù)百萬(wàn)年之久”和C選項(xiàng)“它們是棲息在當(dāng)?shù)氐目铸埖墓趋馈痹阡浺糁胁]有提及；D選項(xiàng)“它們是死于火山噴發(fā)的恐龍的遺骸”最具有干擾性，主要是利用錄音中的volcanicexplosion設(shè)置干擾，錄音中雖然明確提及火山噴發(fā)可能造成大群恐龍死于巨坑之中是其他人的觀點(diǎn)，并不是說話人的觀點(diǎn)，因此可排除。

8.單選題

Hewas____ofstealingandsenttoprisonforthethirdtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convicted

B.accused

C.charged

D.sentenced

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.convicted定罪B.accused控告；控訴

C.charged控告；起訴D.sentenced判決；宣判

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】句意：他被……偷竊罪并且第三次入獄。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是被定罪為偷竊罪然后送入監(jiān)獄。beconvictedof“宣布有罪”符合語(yǔ)境，因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)accused“控告；控訴”，beaccusedof“被指控”，根據(jù)句意，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)送入監(jiān)獄，所以應(yīng)該是宣布有罪了，而不只是被指控有罪，該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境；

C選項(xiàng)charged“控告；起訴”，固定搭配bechargedwith或bechargedof，表示“被指控”。根據(jù)句意，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)送入監(jiān)獄，所以應(yīng)該是宣布有罪了，而不只是被指控有罪，該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境；

D選項(xiàng)sentenced“判決；宣判”，其使用為besentencedto，因此不符合搭配。

【句意】他被宣告犯偷竊罪，第三次被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。

9.填空題

Don'ttrytousethatprinter.It'sbeenoutof（

）forages.Idon’tknowwhytheystillhaven’trepairedit.

【答案】order

【解析】固定搭配。outoforder發(fā)生故障。

10.單選題

HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she（）muchbetterresultsnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldbegetting

B.couldhavegot

C.mustget

D.wouldget

【答案】D

【解析】考查錯(cuò)綜虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的虛擬，省略了if，因此為倒裝形式；主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，因此主句用woulddo結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：如果朱迪在數(shù)學(xué)考試時(shí)能更加認(rèn)真的話，她現(xiàn)在就會(huì)得到一個(gè)更好的分?jǐn)?shù)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Shellfishgivethe（）appearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistencealthoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.misled

B.deceptive

C.initial

D.understandable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：貝殼魚給人一種享受平靜生活的假象,但實(shí)際上它們的生活是一場(chǎng)不斷的斗爭(zhēng)。misled為動(dòng)詞,把...帶錯(cuò)方向,誤導(dǎo),放在此處不符合語(yǔ)法；deceptive迷惑的,虛偽的；initial最初的；understandable可以理解的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

Afterawholeday’sheavywork，theoldworkerreturnedhome,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hungryandfeltexhausting

B.hungerandexhausted

C.hungryandhavingbeenexhausted

D.hungryandexhausted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)。題干的主語(yǔ)是theoldworker,空格處填兩個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)前一句“在一天的勞累工作之后”可知這個(gè)老工人是饑餓并且疲憊的。exhausting使筋疲力盡的；exhausted疲憊的。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：在經(jīng)歷一天的勞累工作后，這個(gè)老工人帶著饑餓和疲憊回家了。

13.寫作題

Directions:

Studythefollowingsetofdrawingscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould

1)describethesetofdrawings,interpretitsmeaning,and

2)pointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.

Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

【答案】參考范文

Asisshowninthetwopictures,thesameflowerhasdifferentfatewhenputindifferentsituations.Whenthereisprotection,theflowerbloomsbeautifully.However,whenexposeddirectlytorainandstorm,theflowerquicklywithers.Wecansafelycometotheconclusionthatgreenhouseflowerscannotwithstandrainandstorm.

Thesameistruewithourchildren.Astheone-childpolicyisadoptedinChina,moreandmoreparentsoverprotecttheirchildren.Witheverythingdoneforthemandeveryneedsatisfiedbytheirparentsorgrandparents,theseonlychildrenseemtobehealthy,happyandhigh-spirited.Butwhentheyleavehome,theybecomedisappointedandfrustrated.Facingharshthingstheyhaveneverexperiencedbefore,suchascompetitionfrompeers,criticismfromsupervisors,pressurefordeadlinesandrestrictionfordiscipline,theywillbeataloss,miserableorevendesperate.Infact,themoreprotectiontheygetfromtheirparents,thelessabilitytheyacquire.Parents’lovefortheirchildrenturnsouttobeadisaster.

Children,likeflowers,shouldbetreatedwithcare,butreasonableandsensiblewaysofdoingthingswillhelptobringaboutmorefruitfulresults,ifwenotonlyloveourchildrenbutalsoteachthemhowtolove,ourlovewillbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration;ifwenotonlysolveproblemsforourchildrenbutalsoencouragethemtosolveproblems,ourdiligenceandingenuitywillmakeourlifemoremeaningfulandworthwhile.

14.單選題

Outof（

）revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perfect

B.total

C.sheer

D.integral

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Perfect“完美的”；total“全部的”；sheer“絕對(duì)的；純粹的”；integral“完整的”。句意：純粹是出于報(bào)復(fù)，他拼命詆毀她的人品，毀壞她的名譽(yù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Thepolicemenareperambulatingthestreets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.percolate

B.permute

C.perjure

D.patrol

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.percolate滲出，過濾B.permute改變次序，重新排列

C.perjure作偽證，破壞誓言D.patrol巡邏，巡查

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞policemen（警察）和streets（街道）可推測(cè)，劃線單詞perambulating的意思是“巡邏”。因此，D選項(xiàng)含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】警察在街上巡視。

16.單選題

Peoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthosewholivingin（）populatedareas.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abundantly

B.intensely

C.densely

D.intensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)abundantly“豐富地，大量地”；B選項(xiàng)intensely“強(qiáng)烈地”；C選項(xiàng)densely“濃密地，密集地”；D選項(xiàng)intensively“集中地，廣泛地”。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“than”可知，前后形成對(duì)比。句意：住在小城鎮(zhèn)的人似乎比住在人口稠密地區(qū)的人更友好。人口稠密用“denselypopulated”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.單選題

Theteacherdidn’tbelievethatTedwasannoyingmeuntilshesawhiminthe____actofpullingmyhair.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.public

B.opponent

C.overt

D.oblique

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.public公開的；大庭廣眾的B.opponent反對(duì)者n.

C.overt公開的；公然的D.oblique隱晦的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接與形容詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處前后語(yǔ)義為“老師一直不相信Ted在煩我，直到她看見他____扯我的頭發(fā)?！备鶕?jù)語(yǔ)義銜接可知，此處應(yīng)該為C選項(xiàng)overt“公開的；公然的”符合語(yǔ)義要求，側(cè)重于指行為不是偷偷做的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)public“公開的；大庭廣眾的”，側(cè)重于指面向公眾的；

B選項(xiàng)opponent“反對(duì)者”，不符合原文語(yǔ)義銜接；

D選項(xiàng)oblique“隱晦的”，不符合原文語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】直到老師看見Ted公然扯我的頭發(fā)時(shí)，她才相信他在煩我。

18.單選題

Withalltheseartsandpursuitsofpracticallife,theintellectualbusinessofthinking—ofsuchthinkingatleastasiscommontomostmen—andofcommunicatingthought,hasasortofaffinityandresemblance.For,unquestionably,itisoneamongthemanyproblemsofphilosophytoestablishawiseeconomyandprudentstewardshipofthatever-shiftingmassofincomingandoutgoingthoughtswhichmakeupourintellectualestateandproperty.Andthisisthemorenecessarythegreaterarethetreasuresofthoughtpossessedbyourage.For,inthehighlyrapidinterchangeofandtrafficinideas,whichiscarryingon,thereceiptsanddisbursementsarenotalwaysdulybalanced.Thereismuchcause,therefore,tofearlestathoughtlessandlavishdissipationofthenoblestmentalendowmentsshouldbecomeprevalent,orafalseandbaselesscredit-systeminthoughtspringupamidanabsolutedeficiencyofasolidandpermanentcapitalsafelyinvestedinfundamentalideasandlastingtruths.Asforthesecondsimile:Ishould,byallmeans,wishtogainavictory,notindeedforyou,butwithyou,oversomeofthemanyerrorsandmanysemblancesofthought,whichare,however,butcheatsandcounterfeitswhichdistractthemindsofthepresentgeneration,disturbtheharmonyoflife,andbanishpeaceevenfromtheintellectualworld.Andasrespectsthethirdillustration:Ishouldindeedrejoiceashaving,inagreatmeasure,attainedmyobject,ifonlyIshallsucceedindirectingyourattentiontosomestarinthehigherregionofintellect,whichhithertowaseithertotallyunknown,or,atleast,neverbeforefullyobserved.Butaboveall,Ithinkitnecessarytoobservefurther,thatinthesamewayasphilosophylosessightofitstrueobjectandappropriatematter,wheneitheritpassesintoandmergesintheology,ormeddleswithexternalpolitics,soalsodoesitmaritsproperformwhenitattemptstomimictherigorousmethodofmathematics.InthemiddleofthelastcenturyscarcelywastheretobefoundaGermanmanualforanyofthesciencesthatdidnotapethemathematicalstyle,andwhereeverysinglepositioninthelongarrayofinterminableparagraphsdidnotconcludewiththesolemnactofdemonstrativephraseology.Butitisalsowellknownthatthephilosophywhichwaspropoundedinthisinappropriateformandmethodwascrammedfoilof,nay,rather,washardlyanythingmorethanatissueofarbitrary,nowforgotten,hypotheses,whichhavenotbroughttheworldatallnearertothetruth—notatleasttothattruthwhichphilosophyisinsearchof,andwhichissomethinghigherthanamereexampleofaccuratecomputation.Andeveninthepresentday—although,indeed,theapplicationismadeinaverydifferentwayfromformerly—Germanphilosophyisanythingbutfreefromthosealgebraicformularies,inwhichallthings,eventhemostopposite,admitofbeingcomprisedandblendedtogether.But,beitasitmay,thiselaboratestructureofmechanicaldemonstrationcanneverproduceatrue,intrinsic,andfullconviction.Themethodwhichphilosophyreallyrequiresisquitedifferent,beingabsolutelyinternalandintellectual(Geistige).Asinacorrectarchitecturalstructureitisnecessarythatallitspartsshouldbeinunison,andsuchastheeyecantakeineasilyandagreeably,soineveryphilosophicalcommunication,thesolidsimplebasisbeinglaid,thearrangementofalltheparts,andthecarefulrejectionandexclusionofallforeignmatter,isthemostessentialpoint,bothforinternalcorrectnessandexternalperspicuity.But,intruth,thematterinhandbearsafarcloserresemblanceandaffinitytonaturalobjectswhichliveandgrow,thantoanylifelessedificeofstone;toagreattree,forinstance,noblyandbeautifullyspreadingoutonallsidesinitsmanyarmsandbranches.Assuchatreestrikesthehastyandpassingglance,itformsasomewhatirregularandnotstrictlyfinishedwhole;thereitstands,justasthestemhasshotupfromtheroot,andhasdivideditselfintoacertainnumberofbranches,andtwigs,andleaves,whichlivinglymovebackwardandforwardinthefreeair.Butexamineitmoreclosely,andhowperfectappearsitswholestructure!Howwonderfulthesymmetry,howminutelyregulartheorganizationofallitsparts,evenofeachlittleleafanddelicatefiber!Inthesamewaywilltheever-growingtreeofhumanconsciousnessandlifeappearinphilosophy,wheneveritisnottornfromitsrootsandstrippedofitsleavesbyapretendedwisdom,butisvividlyapprehendedbyatruescience,andexhibitedandpresentedtothemindinitslifeanditsgrowth.

1.Themainpurposeofthearticleis（

）.

2.Whatistheauthor’sconcernasexpressedthroughthefirstmetaphoricexposition?

3.Thesecondconcernoftheauthorrefersto

（

）.

4.Whatisthefunctionoftheauthor’sfrequentusageofrhetoricalfiguresofspeech?

5.Inthepassage,theauthoroutlinesapleafor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toclarifythesystemofeconomictheory

B.tosuggestanewsystemofphilosophy

C.tocriticizethesystemofmathematics

D.toillustratethesystematicdialectics

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Randomdisbursementofproposalsandhypothesis.

B.Aconfusionofalgebraicformularies.

C.Anunwarrantedlossofappropriatereference.

D.Violationofintellectualpropertyrights.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.avariegatedsetoffallacies

B.acantankeroustypeofpessimism

C.unqualifiedquackery

D.theproliferationofmetaphysics

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Definition.

B.Clarification.

C.Exemplification.

D.Illustration.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.rigor

B.topicality

C.reliability

D.flexibility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。文中提到“itisoneamongthemanyproblemsofphilosophytoestablishawiseeconomy”，這是眾多關(guān)系創(chuàng)建明智經(jīng)濟(jì)體的哲學(xué)問題之一。其中it是指前面的“theintellectualbusinessofthinking”，后續(xù)圍繞哲學(xué)及思想展開闡述，因此B選項(xiàng)“提出一種新的哲學(xué)體系”符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。作者的第一次metaphoricexposition“隱喻性闡述”出現(xiàn)在“…tofearlestathoughtlessandlavishdissipationofthenoblestmentalendowmentsshouldbecomeprevalent,orafalseandbaselesscredit-systeminthoughtspringupamidanabsolutedeficiencyofasolidandpermanentcapitalsafelyinvestedinfundamentalideasandlastingtruths.”即擔(dān)憂對(duì)最高貴的精神天賦的輕率和奢侈的揮霍會(huì)成為普遍現(xiàn)象，擔(dān)憂由于缺乏可靠的資本安全地投資于重要的思想和永恒的真題，虛假和毫無(wú)根據(jù)的信用體系會(huì)涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)。所以作者擔(dān)心的是思想天賦的消耗，C選項(xiàng)“不適當(dāng)?shù)膿p失”符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。文中提到“Asforthesecondsimile:Ishould…wishtogainavictory…oversomeofthemanyerrorsandmanysemblancesofthought”，本句說到，作者希望戰(zhàn)勝思想中的那些錯(cuò)誤和假想。因此A選項(xiàng)“各種錯(cuò)誤的見解”符合題意。

第4題:4.寫作手法題。文中幾處“hasasortofaffinityandresemblance”“Asforthesecondsimile”“andsuchastheeyecantakeineasilyandagreeably”等修辭手法都是為了生動(dòng)說明文中提出的新哲學(xué)體系。因此B選項(xiàng)clarification“說明”符合題意。

第5題:5.作者意圖題。在文中，作者由“Germanphilosophyisanythingbutfreefromthosealgebraicformularies…thiselaboratestructureofmechanicaldemonstrationcanneverproduceatrue,intrinsic,andfullconviction”說到德國(guó)哲學(xué)只是一些代數(shù)公式，這種復(fù)雜的機(jī)械示范永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)產(chǎn)生真正的、內(nèi)在的、充分的信念。后又說到“Themethodwhichphilosophyreallyrequiresisquitedifferent,beingabsolutelyinternalandintellectual”，哲學(xué)真正需要的方法是與前面提及的德國(guó)哲學(xué)相反的。通過前后文，作者呼吁的是與“機(jī)械示范”相對(duì)的“靈活性”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

IthasbeentenyearssinceI（

）youlast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.see

B.saw

C.didn'tsee

D.haven'tseen

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)last可知這里應(yīng)該為一般過去時(shí)，排除選項(xiàng)A和D；根據(jù)句意可知，選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：自從我上次見你到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有十年了。

20.單選題

9.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toasklocalpeopleforhelp.

B.TodoasRomansdoonlywheninRome.

C.Trytoactlikethepeoplefromthatculture.

D.Staywithyourcountryfellow.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Mostpeoplefeelcultureshockwhentravelingtoaforeignculture.

M:That’sforsure.ButtheyshoulddoasRomansdo.

Q:Accordingtotheman,whatarepeoplesupposedtodowhentravelingtoaforeignculture?

【解析】固定詞組。男士說：ButtheyshoulddoasRomansdo。doasRomansdo的含義是“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。

21.翻譯題

MOOCs(MassiveOpenOnlineCourses)arethelatestadditiontotheacronym-boundlexiconofhighereducation,andquitepossiblythemostsignificantofthemall.Theyrepresentanewgenerationofonlineeducation,freelyaccessibleontheinternetandgearedtowardsverylargestudentnumbers.

ThephenomenonhasbeenlikenedbythepresidentofStanfordUniversityto“adigitaltsunami”,threateningtosweepasideconventionaluniversityeducation.WhetherornottheriseofMOOCswillprovetowarrantsuchhyperbole,thereisnodoubtthatsomethingveryimportantishappeningintheglobalsystem,raisingprofoundquestionsabouttheverynatureandfutureofhighereducation.

【答案】答：

MOOCs（大規(guī)模開放在線課堂）是高等教育相關(guān)縮寫詞匯中的新成員，也可能是所有詞匯中最具影響力的一個(gè)。大規(guī)模開放在線課堂代表網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的新一代，可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)免費(fèi)獲取，面向的學(xué)生數(shù)量非常龐大。

這一現(xiàn)象被斯坦福大學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)比作“一場(chǎng)數(shù)字海嘯”，威脅著傳統(tǒng)的大學(xué)教育。不論大規(guī)模開放在線課堂的崛起是否真的會(huì)達(dá)到如此夸張的階段，有一點(diǎn)可以肯定的是全球體系內(nèi)正在發(fā)生一些重要的事情，并引發(fā)了對(duì)高等教育本質(zhì)和將來(lái)的一些疑問。

22.單選題

AccordingtotheGhanaNationalNarcoticControlfourthousandGhanaiansare（）illicitdrugswhileseveralothersarereportedtobeengagedinconstantdrugtraffickingannually.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposedto

B.attachedto

C.addictedto

D.opposedto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)exposedto表示“接觸，暴露于”；B選項(xiàng)attachedto表示“附屬于，愛慕”；C選項(xiàng)addictedto表示“上癮，沉迷于”；D選項(xiàng)opposedto表示“反對(duì)”。分析句意可知，根據(jù)加納國(guó)家麻醉品管制局（NACOB.的報(bào)告，幾乎有4000加納人（）毒品，而每年有數(shù)千人不斷從事販毒。因此只有C選項(xiàng)最符合原文句意，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

23.單選題

Therearsectionofthebraindoesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advanced

B.growing

C.front

D.back

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。rear在句中是后面的，后方的；A選項(xiàng)advanced“高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的”；B選項(xiàng)growing“成長(zhǎng)的”；C選項(xiàng)front“前面的”；D選項(xiàng)back“后面的”。句意：大腦后部不會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而收縮，一個(gè)人可以在沒有智力或情感能力的情況下繼續(xù)生活。因此只有D符合。

24.翻譯題

美元的貶值使得許多外國(guó)投資者購(gòu)買美國(guó)股票更加劃算。這就引發(fā)了來(lái)自美國(guó)以外的投資者的搶購(gòu)，特別是日本投資者的搶購(gòu)。另外，如果貿(mào)易狀況有所好轉(zhuǎn)，美國(guó)公司的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力最終將會(huì)更加強(qiáng)大。因此，許多投資者購(gòu)買以出口為導(dǎo)向的美國(guó)公司的股票，以期在明年獲得更大的利潤(rùn)。但這只是當(dāng)前的一種時(shí)髦理念。如果今后幾個(gè)季度里美國(guó)公司的整體收益令人失望的話，那么，這種狂熱的購(gòu)買行為就會(huì)消失。

【答案】ThedepreciationofU.S.dollarmakesitmorecost-effectiveformanyforeigninvestorstobuyAmericanstocks,whichhastriggeredpanicbuyingbyinvestorsfromoutsidetheUnitedStates,especiallyJapan.Inaddition,ifthetradesituationimproves,Americancompanieswilleventuallybecomemorecompetitive.Asaresult,manyinvestorsarebuyingsharesofexport-orientedU.S.companiesinthehopeofmakinggreaterprofitsnextyear.Butthisisjustafashionableideaatthemoment.IftheoverallearningsofU.S.companiesinthenextfewquartersaredisappointing,thisfreneticbuyingbehaviorwilldisappear.

25.單選題

Theheadlightsoftheapproachingcarwereso（）thatthecyclisthadtostopriding.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gleaning

B.staring

C.gleaming

D.dazzling

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。gleaning"拾遺";staring"目不轉(zhuǎn)睛的,凝視的";gleaming"閃爍的,閃閃發(fā)光的";dazzling"耀眼的,光彩奪目的"。句意：那輛駛來(lái)的汽車的前燈太耀眼，以致于騎自行車的人不得不停下來(lái)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

26.單選題

Sincethetwopartiescouldn't（

）theirdifferences,theydecidedtostoptheirnegotiations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectify

B.reconcile

C.oblige

D.obscure

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。rectify意為“改正，校正”；reconcile意為“使和好，使和解，妥協(xié)”；oblige意為“強(qiáng)制，強(qiáng)迫”；obscure意為“費(fèi)解的，難以理解的”。

句意：因?yàn)閮牲h不能就分歧達(dá)成一致，他們決定停止談判。

27.單選題

Superstitionisabiasedword.Lookupalmostanydictionarydefinitionandyouwillseethatitimpliesthateveryreligionnotbasedonreasonorknowledgeiscalledasuperstition.Eventhewordknowledgeisatwo-facedword.Presumably,itisusedasasynonymforreason.Whatitallcomesdowntoisthatpeopledesignateassuperstitiouswhattheydonotthinkreasonableinsomeoneelse’sreligion.

Itistruethataperson’sreligionmustbebasedonsomekindofknowledge.Butwhatkindofknowledgeismeant?Scientific,experimental,rational?Suchknowledgeisnaturalandmaybeethicalandthenitisnaturalreligiousknowledge.ApersonmayquiteeasilyconcludefromobservingtheuniversethatonlyGodcouldhaveproducedit.Thatknowledgeisnotreligion,notevenifapersonisboundtorecognizeaCreatoroftheuniverse.ItisnaturalknowledgesuchasConfucius,SocratesorZoroasterpossessed.

Naturalreligiousknowledge,asisevidentinthehistoryofthehumanrace,althoughithelpstomakeamangood,hardlysufficestokeephimgood,especiallyintimesofcrisis.Willsuchnaturalknowledge,forinstance,sustainamanwhenhehassuddenlylostallhismoneyandevenhiswifeandchildren?Willitofferthehopeofeverseeingthemagain?Willitinfluencehimgladlytosacrificehislifeforhisfamily,hiscountry,hisreligion?Onlyastrongsenseofsupernaturalreligion,arelianceuponGod,willprovidethenecessarycourageforrightaction.

Allthegreatreligionsoftheworld—Christianity,Hinduism,ChineseBuddhismandIslam—haveshownmenthewaytosuchcourageanditsresultingpeaceofmindandheartandpeacewithallmen.Theypointtoabettersortoflife,mostlyalifesomewhereelse,or,atleast,anendtothetroublesofthislife.

ChristianityandIslamdirectmentolookup,hopeforandstriveafteraneternallifeofhappinessinthepossessionofGod.Hinduism,althoughitbelievesinreincarnations,alsoencouragesitsadherentstoachievesuccessivelyhigherincarnationsuntiltheyachieveunity,becomeonewithBrahman—God.ChineseBuddhismtellsitsfollowersthatiftheyperformgooddeedsandhavefaithinOmitofoobyfrequentlycallinguponthisGodofInfiniteCompassiontheywillberewardedbyeternallifeintheWesternParadise.

Theagnosticortheatheistthinksofallofthosecreedsasreligioussuperstition.Aretheagnosticandtheatheistfreeofsuperstition?Hardly.Everythinkingmanhasanaturalbentforreligion,foridealsaboveandbeyondearthlyones.Ifhecrusheshisnaturalinclination,whichisGod-inspiredideals,hemostlikelywillsubstituteaseriesofself-inspiredidealsorsomefadlikeastrology,whichwillbecomeareligionforhim.

Thereisalinebetweenreligionandsuperstitionwhicheveryonemustlearntoidentify,orforfeitatruedirectioninhislife.

1.Accordingtothepassage,peopledefinesuperstitionas______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,allthegreatreligionsoftheworld______.

3.Fromthepassagewearetoldthattheatheists______.

4.Ofthefollowingsuggestedtitle,theonethatmostaccuratelysumsupthepassageis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.somereligiousknowledgenotbasedonreason

B.naturalknowledgeofareligion

C.anythingthatseemsunreasonableinanotherperson’sreligion

D.someoneelse’sreligion

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.bringpeaceofmindandpeacewithotherhumanbeing

B.putforthabetterlifenowandpromiseeternallifeintheWesternParadise

C.givecouragetotheiradherentstoliveanddiepeacefully

D.urgetheiradherentstoachievehigherincarnations

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.havelittleornoreligiousknowledge

B.haveidealsthatarebeyondearthlyones

C.aremostlyastrologerswhohavetoomanymaterialisticidealsinlife

D.areactuallynotfreefromsuperstition

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheGreatReligionsonEarth

B.IngredientsofSuperstition

C.ReligionandSuperstition

D.AchieveUnitywithGod

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，人們把迷信定義為……”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Whatitallcomesdowntoisthatpeopledesignateassuperstitiouswhattheydonotthinkreasonableinsomeoneelse’sreligion.（歸根結(jié)底，人們認(rèn)為在別人的宗教中他們認(rèn)為不合理的東西是迷信的）可知，C項(xiàng)“在另一個(gè)人的宗教中似乎不合理的任何事情”正確；A項(xiàng)“一些不是基于理性的宗教知識(shí)”是字典上對(duì)于迷信的定義，并不是人們的定義；B項(xiàng)“宗教的自然知識(shí)”這屬于宗教信仰建立的基礎(chǔ)；D項(xiàng)“其他人的宗教”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者，世界上所有偉大的宗教……”。根據(jù)第四段第一句Allthegreatrel