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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京大學金陵學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.Somepeoplecallthislossofprivacy’’Orwellian",harkingbackto1984.GeorgeOrwell’sclassicworkonprivacyandautonomy.Inthatbook,Orwellimaginedafutureinwhichatotalitarianstateusedspies,videosurveillance,andcontroloverthemediatomaintainitspower.Buttheageofmonolithicstatecontrolisover.Thefuturewe'rerushingtowardisn'toneinwhichoureverymoveiswatchedandrecordedbyanall-knowngovernment.Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation.

Theproblemwiththeword"privacy"’isthatitfallsshortofconveyingthereallybigpicture.Privacyisn'tjustabouthidingthings.It’saboutself-possession,autonomy,andintegrity.Aswemoveintothecomputerizedworldofthe21century,privacywillbeoneofourmostimportantcivilrights.Butthisrightofprivacyisn'ttherightofpeopletoclosetheirdoorsandpulldowntheirwindowshades-perhapsbecausetheywanttoengageinsomesortofillicitorillegalactivity.It’stherightofpeopletocontrolwhichdetailsabouttheirlivesstayinsidetheirownhousesandwhichleaktotheoutside.

Today'swaronprivacyisintimatelyrelatedtotherecentdramaticadvancesintechnology.Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy.Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol.

Thistrade-offisbothunnecessaryandwrong.Itremindsmeofanothercrisisoursocietyfacedbackinthefiftiesandsixties-theenvironmentalcrisis.Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefacts.

Todayweknowbetter.Todayweknowthatsustainableeconomicdevelopmentdependsonpreservingtheenvironment.Similarly,inordertoreapthebenefitsoftechnology.Itismoreimportantthaneverforustousetechnologytoprotectpersonalfreedom.

1.Thepassageindicatesthatprivacyis(

).

2.Inline18,theunderlined”degree”mostnearlymeans

).

3.Lines18-20("Ifwecontrol”)primarilyserveto

).

4.Thestatementsinlines24-25(’’poison"facts”)isintendedtorepresentthepointofviewof

).

5.Thepassageconcludesbysuggestingthatiftechnologyistohaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slives,then

).

6.Theauthorsupportstheideathatprivacycanbeprotected(

).

問題1選項

A.lessvaluedbypeoplethanitoncewas

B.difficulttomaintaininthecontemporaryworld

C.necessaryforindividualfreedom

D.astumblingblocktoeconomicgrowth

問題2選項

A.stage

B.sequence

C.measure

D.standing

問題3選項

A.introduceanadditionalpoint

B.discourageacourseofaction

C.questionadecision

D.illustrateaprecedingstatement

問題4選項

A.bigbusiness

B.environment

C.theauthor

D.thepublic

問題5選項

A.individualrightsmustbeexpanded

B.protectivemeasuresmustbetaken

C.technologicaladvancesmustbesupported

D.furtherresearchmustbefound

問題6選項

A.atamodestcosttomostbusiness

B.withthehelpofnewtechnologies

C.withoutgivingupvaluedservices

D.throughappropriategovernmentinterventions

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】1.文章第一句提到在未來,我們現(xiàn)在擁有的隱私都會消失(Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.),未來將會有100臺電子監(jiān)視器不斷監(jiān)視和干擾我們的日常生活,對隱私的威脅根源于自由市場、先進的科學技術(shù)和電子信息交流(Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation)。選項B“隱私在當代世界很難維持”符合題意。

2.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第二句話Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy(今天很多人說,為了享受現(xiàn)代社會的好處,我們必須放棄一定……隱私),由some這個詞可以推測這里指的是“一定程度上的隱私”。選項C符合題意,表示“程度;測量”。

3.文章第三段最后一句話Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol提到如果我們想要用信用卡支付餐費的方便,那么我們必須在一個我們無法控制的大型數(shù)據(jù)庫中接受日常的采購收集。這個具體的例子是為了說明前文提到的“為了享受一些權(quán)益,我們必須放棄一定程度上的隱私”(Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy)。選項D符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句話提到大企業(yè)的擁護者認為有毒的河流和湖泊是經(jīng)濟增長必須的代價。毒藥就是進步:那些反對的人是不了解這個事實(Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefact)。所以可以知道關(guān)于“毒藥”這些觀點是一些大企業(yè)的觀點,選項A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到可持續(xù)的發(fā)展取決于保護環(huán)境。為了從技術(shù)那獲得好處,利用技術(shù)來保護個人自由比以往任何時候更重要,因此,選項C“先進的技術(shù)必須得到支持”符合題意。

6.文章中提到今天的隱私戰(zhàn)爭是由科學技術(shù)的發(fā)展引起的,也提到可以通過利用一些技術(shù)來保護隱私,選項B符合題意。

2.翻譯題

研究人員稱,遠程辦公等彈性工作模式有益于身體健康。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),如果人們有條件在家工作,壓縮工作周的時間,那他們就可以選擇更為健康的生活方式,鍛煉身體的機會增多,睡眠也會更好。

可能彈性工作模式讓人們能有更充裕的時間來實現(xiàn)健康的生活方式,或者是它讓人們能更好的安排自己的時間。彈性工作制最初是為了幫助人們(尤其是女性)同時兼顧工作和家庭,但有關(guān)證據(jù)表明這顯然不僅僅是女性的問題。

研究人員對一家大型醫(yī)藥公司職員的“健康風險評估”進行了分析,職員涉及倉儲,生產(chǎn)和管理等多個不同的崗位。

一名研究人員說:“這不僅僅針對管理層,而是涉及到公司各個崗位的員工?!彼f,該研究能讓衛(wèi)生部門和相關(guān)機構(gòu)認識到,給員工更多的自由其實能帶來很多益處。但他也說,要評估彈性工作制的長期益處還需要開展進一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

3.單選題

Awell-writtencomposition______goodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.

問題1選項

A.callson

B.callsfor

C.callsup

D.callsoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項callon“訪問,拜訪;號召,請求”;B選項callfor“要求;需要;提倡;邀請;為……叫喊;前往接某人”;C選項callup“打電話給;使想起;提出”;D選項calloff“取消;叫走;放棄;宣告終止”。句意:一篇寫得好的作文,除其他外,還要求選詞得當,條理清晰。因此B選項正確。

4.單選題

Manyreportedthatthegeneralmilitarymessagetheyreceivedwasthat,asnurses,theywereex-pectedtobe()strong.

問題1選項

A.empirically

B.eminently

C.emulously

D.emotionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:許多人聲稱,他們收到的一般軍事信息是,作為護士,他們應(yīng)該在堅強。empirically憑經(jīng)驗地,經(jīng)驗為主地;eminently突出地,顯著地;emulously好勝地,

競爭性地;emotionally感情上,心理上。因此,D項符合句意。

5.單選題

InAmerica’sfiercelyadversariallegalsystem,agoodlawyerisessential.AskO.J.Simpson.Inalandmarkcase35yearsago,Gideonv.Wainwright,aunanimousSupremeCourtruledthatindigentdefendantsmustbeprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpensebecausetherecouldbenofairtrialinaseriouscriminalcasewithoutone.“Thisseemstoustobeanobvioustruth,”wroteJusticeHugoBlackinhisopinion.Atthetime,thedecisionwashailedasatriumphforjustice,anexampleofAmerica’scommitmenttotheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.

ThisistheimagemostAmericansstillhaveoftheircriminal-justicesystem—thefairestintheworld,inwhichanydefendant,nomatterhow,getsasmartlawyerwho,toooften,managestogettheculpritoffonatechnicality.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.About80%ofpeopleaccusedofafelonyhavetodependonapublicly-providedlawyer;butoverthepasttwodecadestheeagernessofpoliticianstolookharshoncrime,theirreluctancetopayforpublicdefenders,andaseriesofSupremeCourtjudgmentsrestrictingthegroundsforappealhavemadeamockeryofGideon.Todaymanyindigentdefendants,includingthosefacinglongtermsofimprisonmentorevendeath,aretreatedtoa“meet’emandplead’em”defense—abriefconsultationinwhichaharriedorincompetentlawyerencouragesthemtopleadguiltyor,ifthatfails,strugglethroughashorttrialinwhichthedefenseismassivelyoutgunnedbyamoreexperienced,better-paidandbetter-preparedprosecutor.

“Wehaveawealth-basedsystemofjustice,”saysStephenBright,thedirectoroftheSouthernCenterforHumanRight.“Forthewealthy,it’sgold-plated.Fortheaveragepoorperson,it’slikebeingherdedtotheslaughterhouse.Inmanyplacestheadversarialsystembarelyexistsforthepoor.”

Manylawyers,ofcourse,havemadeheroiceffortsforparticulardefendantsforlittleornopay,butthecharityoflawyerscanbereliedontohandleonlyatinyfractionofcases.Asspendingonpolice,prosecutorsandprisonshassteadilyclimbedinthepastdecade,increasingthenumberofpeoplechargedandimprisoned,spendingonindigentdefensehasnotkeptpace,overwhelminganalreadyhard-pressedsystem.

1.Theword“indigent”mostprobablymeans().

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatO.J.Simpsonwasprobably().

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewofAmerica’sadversariallegalsystem?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

問題1選項

A.wealthy

B.criminal

C.poverty-stricken

D.innocent

問題2選項

A.apersonwhowasfoundnotguiltybecausehehiredaverygoodlawyer

B.apersonwhowonhiscasebecausehewasprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpense

C.Apersonwhowasdeniedalawyerandthuslosthiscaseinthecourt

D.abrilliantlawyerwhowonnumerouscasesfortheaveragepoorpeople

問題3選項

A.Itistheembodimentoftheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.

B.Itisthefairestcriminal-justicesystemintheworld.

C.Asitis,itbenefitstherichbutworksagainstthepoor.

D.Itisunfairbynatureandshouldbeoverhauled.

問題4選項

A.Lawyerswhoprovidedefenseforthepooroftenworkheroicallyforlittleornopayatall.

B.Ascrimerateincreases,Americanpoliticianshavebecomemoretoleranttowardscrimethanbefore.

C.InAmerica,ifapersonrefusestoacceptthejudgmentofalowercourt,hecanalwaysappealtotheSupremeCourt.

D.Government-providedlawyerstendtogothroughtheformalitiesofdefenseandprovetobenomatchfortheprosecutors

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Theword“indigent”mostprobablymeans______.1.“indigent”這個詞最有可能的意思是______。

A.wealthyA.富有的

B.criminalB.犯罪的

C.poverty-strickenC.一貧如洗的

D.innocentD.天真的

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞indigent定位至第一段第三句“在35年前的一個具有里程碑意義的?GideonV.Wainwright案中,最高法院一致裁定,必須為indigent的被告提供一名由國家出資的律師(indigentdefendantsmustbeprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpense)……”,從atstateexpense(國家出資)可以推測,indigent應(yīng)該是指“沒有錢的”被告,C項意思與之相近。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A項“富有的”根據(jù)解題思路可知,與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

B項“犯罪的”和D項“天真的”沒有提到,屬于無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatO.J.Simpsonwasprobably______.2.從文章中可以推斷,O.J.Simpson可能是______。

A.apersonwhowasfoundnotguiltybecausehehiredaverygoodlawyerA.一個因為雇了一個很好的律師而被判無罪的人

B.apersonwhowonhiscasebecausehewasprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpenseB.一個因為國家出錢請了律師而勝訴的人

C.apersonwhowasdeniedalawyerandthuslosthiscaseinthecourtC.拒絕請律師而在法庭上敗訴的人

D.abrilliantlawyerwhowonnumerouscasesfortheaveragepoorpeopleD.他是一位杰出的律師,為普通窮人打贏了許多官司

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段前兩句“在美國競爭激烈的法律體系中,優(yōu)秀的律師是必不可少的。問問O.J.Simpson吧。”,從中可知,在美國法律體系中,想要打贏官司,一個優(yōu)秀的律師是必不可少的,后面的一句“問問O.J.Simpson吧”我們可以推測,O.J.Simpson應(yīng)該是一個請了一位優(yōu)秀的律師的人,他對于雇一個優(yōu)秀的律師深有體會,A項“一個因為雇了一個很好的律師而被判無罪的人”符合題意。因此,該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項“一個因為國家出錢請了律師而勝訴的人”和D項“他是一位杰出的律師,為普通窮人打贏了許多官司”,根據(jù)解題思路可知,這兩項和原文第一句沒有關(guān)系,屬于張冠李戴;

C項“拒絕請律師而在法庭上敗訴的人”,從第一段第一句中的“優(yōu)秀律師”可以推測,O.J.Simpson不太可能敗訴,該項屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewofAmerica’sadversariallegalsystem?3.作者如何看待美國的對抗性法律制度?

A.Itistheembodimentoftheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.A.它是法律面前人人平等理想的體現(xiàn)。

B.Itisthefairestcriminal-justicesystemintheworld.B.它是世界上最公平的刑事司法系統(tǒng)。

C.Asitis,itbenefitstherichbutworksagainstthepoor.C.事實上,它對富人有利,但對窮人不利。

D.Itisunfairbynatureandshouldbeoverhauled.D.這種做法本質(zhì)上是不公平的,應(yīng)該進行徹底改革。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞adversariallegalsystem定位至文章第三段的內(nèi)容“我們有一個以財富為基礎(chǔ)的司法體系,對富人來說,它是鍍金的。對一般窮人來說,這就像被趕進屠宰場。在許多地方,窮人幾乎不存在對抗體制?!?,從該段內(nèi)容我們可以知道,對抗體制對于富人來說是有用的,但是對于窮人來說幾乎不存在,因此C項“事實上,它對富人有利,但對窮人不利”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“它是法律面前人人平等理想的體現(xiàn)”可以定位到原文第一段最后一句“當時(Atthetime),這一決定被譽為正義的勝利,體現(xiàn)了美國致力于法律面前人人平等的理想(thedecisionwashailedasatriumphforjustice)?!保敃r人們覺得美國的對抗性法律制度體現(xiàn)了美國致力于法律面前人人平等的理想,但結(jié)合解題思路可知,事實并非如此,對抗性法律制度對于富人是好的,對于窮人來說就像沒有,根本體現(xiàn)不了公平,屬于反向干擾;

B項“它是世界上最公平的刑事司法系統(tǒng)”根據(jù)解題思路可知,這個制度根本不平等,該項屬于反向干擾;

D項“這種做法本質(zhì)上是不公平的,應(yīng)該進行徹底改革”,原文中未提到對抗性法律制度要徹底改革,屬于無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?4.下列哪個陳述是正確的?

A.Lawyerswhoprovidedefenseforthepooroftenworkheroicallyforlittleornopayatall.A.為窮人提供辯護的律師經(jīng)常努力地工作,但報酬很少或根本沒有。

B.Ascrimerateincreases,Americanpoliticianshavebecomemoretoleranttowardscrimethanbefore.B.隨著犯罪率的上升,美國的政客們對犯罪的容忍度比以前更高了。

C.InAmerica,ifapersonrefusestoacceptthejudgmentofalowercourt,hecanalwaysappealtotheSupremeCourt.C.在美國,如果一個人拒絕接受下級法院的判決,他總是可以向最高法院上訴。

D.Government-providedlawyerstendtogothroughtheformalitiesofdefenseandprovetobenomatchfortheprosecutors.D.政府提供的律師往往會完成辯護的流程,并且無法與檢察官對抗。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“今天,許多貧窮的被告,包括那些面臨長期監(jiān)禁甚至死刑的人,都要接受‘與他們見面并為他們辯護’的流程,在簡短的咨詢中,一個忙碌或不稱職的律師鼓勵他們認罪,如果失敗,律師就在短時間的審判中掙扎,然后被一個更有經(jīng)驗、薪水更高、準備更充分的檢察官勝訴?!保瑥闹锌芍?,政府提供的律師往往都是走一個流程,他們會鼓勵被告認罪,如果被告不認罪,他們也無法在申訴中贏過準備更充分的檢察官,D項“政府提供的律師往往會完成辯護的流程,并且無法與檢察官對抗”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“為窮人提供辯護的律師經(jīng)常努力地工作,但報酬很少或根本沒有”,根據(jù)最后一段第一句“當然,許多律師為一些特定的被告(particulardefendants)付出了巨大的努力,但報酬很少或沒有報酬”可知,A項中的thepoor(窮人)與原文中的particulardefendants(特定的被告)不符,屬于曲解原文;

B項“隨著犯罪率的上升,美國的政客們對犯罪的容忍度比以前更高了”,根據(jù)第二段中的第二句“……在過去的二十年里,政客們急于嚴厲打擊犯罪(butoverthepasttwodecadestheeagernessofpoliticianstolookharshoncrime)……”,可知,該項與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

C項“在美國,如果一個人拒絕接受下級法院的判決,他總是可以向最高法院上訴”中的lowercourt(下級法院)沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

6.單選題

Thegovernmenthasdevotedalargersliceofitsnational()toagriculturethanmostothercountries.

問題1選項

A.resources

B.potential

C.budget

D.economy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:相比大多數(shù)其它國家,這個政府將其較大部分的預(yù)算用于農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。

考查名詞辨析。resources資源,財力,才智;potential潛能,可能性,電勢;budget預(yù)算,預(yù)算費;economy經(jīng)濟,節(jié)約。因此C符合。

7.單選題

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous--—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.D.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappy

EXCEPT.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuythefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT_______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

問題1選項

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.livesinthecountry

D.worksinthecity

問題2選項

A.lackofcommunication

B.astrongsenseoffear

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

問題3選項

A.designerclothes

B.dailynecessities

C.freshfruits

D.freshvegetables

問題4選項

A.Original

B.Hospitable

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

問題5選項

A.Yes,hewilldoso

B.Itisdifficulttotell

C.No,hewillnotdoso

D.Heisintwominds

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity可知選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句話Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal可以排除選項C;根據(jù)第二段第三句話可以排除選項A;根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話可以排除選項D,因此選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句話提到購物成了一個重要的問題(Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown),因此在鄉(xiāng)村中很難買到時尚的衣服,選項A符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。文章第四段最后一句話提到他們把這些想法強加給那些不情愿的原始村民(Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages),由此可以推測出這些人是傲慢的,選項C符合題意。original“原來的;首創(chuàng)的”;hospitable“熱情友好的”;insensitive“未意識到的”。

5.推理判斷題。作者在最后一段提到了他的貓,以貓喻人,來說明自己更有愿意待在城市中(No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening),因此選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Thebedhasbeen()inthefamily.Itwasmygreat-grandmother’soriginally.

問題1選項

A.handedout

B.handedover

C.handeddown

D.handedround

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項handout“分發(fā);施舍”,B選項handover“移交;提交”,C選項handdown“宣布;把……傳下去”,D選項handaround“分發(fā);傳閱”;然后我們帶入原句可以發(fā)現(xiàn)原句想表達的意思應(yīng)該是這張床是家里流傳下來的,因此C選項符合題意。句意為:這張床是家里傳下來的。原來是我曾祖母的。

9.單選題

Theyarewell______witheachothersincetheyoncestudiedinthesameuniversity.

問題1選項

A.acquainted

B.recognized

C.acknowledged

D.identified

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.acquainted熟悉;了解B.recognized辨別出;意識到

C.acknowledged承認(屬實)D.identified確認;認出

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)since原因狀語從句的內(nèi)容“因為他們曾在同一所大學學習”可推知,Theyarewell______witheachother表示的是“他們互相了解、熟悉對方”,所以空格處表示“熟悉”,而beacquaintedwith也是常見搭配,表示“與……相識;了解”,所以該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B、C項不符合句意;

D項指辨別、確定人的身份或物品的歸屬等,不符合句意。

【句意】因為他們曾在同一所大學學習,所以彼此很熟悉。

10.單選題

Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe(

)ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.

問題1選項

A.deterioration

B.differentiation

C.diversion

D.donation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項deterioration“惡化”;B選項differentiation“變異”;C選項diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移,消遣”;D選項donation“捐贈”。句意:醫(yī)生們非常擔心手術(shù)后病人的病情惡化。選項A符合句意。

11.單選題

Ifaforeignobjectbecomeslodgedintheeye,medicalhelpisnecessary.

問題1選項

A.depositedin

B.residedin

C.blurryto

D.isolatedfrom

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。lodgein意為“固定在,留在”;depositin意為“存放,存在”;residein意為“居住,存在于”;blurryto意為“模糊到”;isolatefrom意為“與……隔離”。

句意:如果有異物卡在眼睛內(nèi),需要醫(yī)療救助。

12.單選題

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Therecentfindingofachangedgeneinobesemice.

B.Abreakthroughinunderstandinggenemodification.

C.Anewlydiscoveredwayforpeopletoloseweight.

D.Theself-repairingabilityofageneinobesemice.

問題2選項

A.Itrendersanorganismunabletofightdiseases.

B.Itpreventsthemice’sfattytissuesfromgrowing.

C.Ithelpsorganismsadapttoenvironmentalchanges.

D.Itrendersmiceunabletosensewhentostopeating.

問題3選項

A.Humanbeingshavemoreobesitygenesthanmostmicedo.

B.Halfofaperson’stotalweightvariationcanbecontrolled.

C.Peoplearebornwithatendencytohaveacertainweight.

D.Thefunctionoftheobesitygenesisyettobeexplored.

問題4選項

A.Theworseningofnaturalenvironment.

B.Theabundantprovisionofrichfoods.

C.Theacceleratedpaceofpresent-daylife.

D.Theadverseimpactofthefoodindustry.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】PassageTwo

[12]Publicinterestwasarousedbythelatestdiscoveryofachangedgeneinobesemice.ThenewswasmadeknownbyRockefellerUniversitygeneticistJeffreyFriedman.Theresearchersbelievethisgeneinfluencesdevelopmentofahormonethattellsorganismhowfatorfullitis.[13]Thosewiththechangedgenemaynotsensewhentheyhaveeatenenoughoriftheyhavesufficientfattytissue,andthuscan’ttellwhentostopeating.

Theresearchersalsoreportedfindingagenenearlyidenticaltothemouseobesitygeneinhumans.Theoperationofthisgeneinhumanshasnotyetbeendemonstrated,however.[14]Still,professionalslikeUniversityofVermontpsychologistEstherRothblumreactedenthusiastically,“Thisresearchindicatesthatpeoplereallyarebornwithatendencytohaveacertainweight,justastheyaretohaveaparticularskincolororheight.”

Actually,behavioralgeneticistsbelievethatlessthanhalfofthetotalweightvariationisprogrammedinthegenes,whileheightisalmostentirelygeneticallydetermined.Whateverrolegenesplay,Americansaregettingfatter.AsurveybytheCenterforDiseaseControlfoundthatobesityhasincreasedgreatlyoverthelast10years.[15]Suchrapidchange

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