虛擬語(yǔ)氣2013課件

虛擬語(yǔ)氣一、if引導(dǎo)的條件句IfIknewhisaddress,Iwouldwritetohim.假如我知道他的地址，我就會(huì)寫信給他。IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.我要是一只鳥(niǎo)，我就能夠在天空中飛翔。Ifithadnotrainedyesterday,Iwouldhavegonefishing.假如昨天沒(méi)下雨，我就去釣魚(yú)了。Ifshehadbeentherethatnight,shemighthavebeenhurt.她要是那天晚上在場(chǎng)的話，她也許就受傷了。注意：錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間句:條件從句和主句時(shí)態(tài)不一致Iftheweatherhadbeenmorefavorable,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Tonywouldbestudyingattheuniversitynowifhehadpassedtheentranceexamination.Ifhehadtakenthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.重點(diǎn)：2.省略if的情況在虛擬條件句中，如謂語(yǔ)包含were,had,should等詞，則可以把這些詞放到主語(yǔ)前面，省略if。Ifsheweremydaughter,IcouldsuggestseveralstepsIshouldconsideritprofitabletotake.===Wereshemydaughter,IcouldsuggestseveralstepsIshouldconsideritprofitabletotake.IfIhadrealizedwhatyouintendedIshouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.=HadIrealizedwhatyouintendedIshouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,letusknow.=Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letusknow.1、_____youwerebusy,Iwouldn‘thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.（1996年39題）

A.IfIrealizedB.HadIrealized

C.DidIhaverealizedthatD.AsIrealized2、_____,Ishouldaskthemsomequestions.

A.ShouldtheycometousB.Iftheycometous

C.WeretheycometousD.Hadtheycometous

1997年30題3.Hewillnotdoithadheknownhowserioustheoutcomewouldbe.（2005.11）

Butforairandwater,nolivingthingscouldexist.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyou.Idon’tknowhisaddress;otherwiseIwouldwritehimearlier.Ididn’tknowhisaddress;otherwiseIwouldhavewrittenhimearlier.

重點(diǎn)：二、以wish（that）引導(dǎo)的表示“愿望”的賓語(yǔ)從句wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用類似在非真實(shí)條件中從句時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用。表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示一個(gè)過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1、Peterwishesthathe_____lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege.A.couldstudyB.studiedC.hadstudiedD.wouldstudy

（2000年53題）2、Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wereB.wouldbeC.hadbeenD.willbe

（2001年53題）

挑錯(cuò)題：Hewishedhedidn’ttellherthetruththatbroughthersomuchpain.（2006.11）重點(diǎn)：

三、wouldrather（wouldsooner

）＋句子（過(guò)去時(shí)）表示寧愿，后接用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Iwouldrathertheycametomorrow.1.I’d_____youdidn’ttouchthat,ifyoudon’tmind.

A.ratherB.betterC.happierD.further

（1998年45題）

2、Iamtoobusythesedays.Iwouldratherallofyou_____nextmonthforadinner.A.comeB.wouldcomeC.cameD.havecome

（2002年46題）

（挑錯(cuò)）“ShallIgiveyouachequefor$10?”“I’dratheryougiveme$10innotes.”（2006.4）

四、以asif，asthough引導(dǎo)的從句

在asif，asthough引導(dǎo)的從句中，如果談?wù)摰氖遣豢赡芑虿徽鎸?shí)的情況時(shí)，它們所引用的狀語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞形式和wish后面的從中動(dòng)詞形式變化相同。Helooksasifhewereill.Hejumpedbackasifhehadbeenstung.重點(diǎn)：

五、以suggest等詞后引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。

類似的動(dòng)詞有：advise,insist,demand,propose,move,recommend,order,command,require,desireHeproposesthatTVbroadcastingbeprohibitedforsixtytoninetyminuteseveryevening.Theteacherinsiststhatallthestudentsbeontime.Thelawyeraskedthatthecasebepostponedforonemonth.Yoursuggestionthathebeinvitedwasrejected.Myproposalisthedisputebesettledbypeacefulmeans.WhatdoyouthinkofmyproposalthatweshouldgotowatchthegamenextSunday.Itisrecommended/decided/requested/suggestedthattherulesbeprotected.The

doctor's

advice

was

that

the

patient

_____at

once.

A.

to

be

operated

B.

being

operatedC.

be

operated

D.

operated

（2005.11）

必須記?。簄ecessary，important，urgent（急迫的），imperative（必要的）,necessary,important,strange,desirable,natural,properItisimportant/vital/necessary/essentialthattheenvironmentshouldbeprotected.Itisnecessarythatthemachineshouldbeoiledeveryday.Itisimportantthattheoryshouldbecloselycombinedwithpractice.Itisdesiredthateverystudentshouldpasstheexam.Itisdesirablethattheclassroomshouldbecleanedinanhour.Itisadvisablethatanotheruniversityshouldbesetup.

It’surgentthatameeting_____beforethefinaldecisionismade.A.willbearrangedB.mustbearrangedC.bearrangedD.wouldbearranged

（2003年45題）Idon’tthinkitadvisablethatTom_____tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.beassignedB.isassignedC.willbeassignedD.hasbeenassigned(2006.11)（挑錯(cuò)）Itisveryimportantthatthestudents’voiceisheardbytheauthoritiesofallourschools.（2006.11）重點(diǎn)：

七、ifonly（但愿）連詞引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣ifonly表示一種與現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，意為“但愿”。1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。IfonlyIhadmoremoney,Icouldbuysomenewclothes.Ifonlyyouhadn’ttoldJackiewhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.2.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：If