考研考博-英語-山東外事職業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東外事職業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Agroupofyoungmeninragssaunteredalongthestreet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shuffled

B.rambled

C.tacked

D.hollered

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.shuffled拖著腳走，坐立不安B.rambled漫步，閑逛

C.tacked（用平頭釘）釘??；戧風(fēng)行駛D.hollered發(fā)牢騷，大聲喊叫

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由Agroupofyoungmeninrags（一群衣衫襤褸的年輕人）和street（街道）可推測(cè)，句子意思表示“一群衣衫襤褸的年輕人沿街閑逛”，劃線單詞sauntered表示“閑逛，漫步”。因此，B選項(xiàng)詞義最為接近，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞意思不符合。

【句意】一群衣衫襤褸的年輕人沿街閑逛。

2.單選題

Ifwe（

）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。diffuse“擴(kuò)散”；diminish“減少”；terminate“使終止，使結(jié)束”；preclude“排除，妨礙”。句意：如果我們結(jié)束與那個(gè)國家的關(guān)系，我們必須尋找其他原材料提供國。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Theapartmentwas（）as$50,000anditsownerdecidedtosellit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.automated

B.assessed

C.asserted

D.avenged

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)automate“使自動(dòng)化”，B項(xiàng)assess“評(píng)定，估價(jià)”，C項(xiàng)assert“堅(jiān)持，斷言”，D項(xiàng)avenge“報(bào)復(fù)，報(bào)仇”。句意：這套公寓的估價(jià)為5萬美元，房主決定賣掉它。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

4.單選題

AsmanyofthearticlesinthisissueofTheMcKinseyQuarterlydemonstrate,companiesinthedevelopedworldareoutsourcing（資源外置）everlargerportionsoftheirbusinesstolow-cost,highlyskilledworkersinthedevelopingworld.Drivingthistrendistheremarkableabilityoftheglobalworkforcetolearnonthejob.

Infact,therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,political,andintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.TheresearchoftheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute(MGI)duringthepastdecadehasconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

MGIhasfoundampleevidenceinthedevelopingworldtosupportthisconclusion.InBrazil,forexample,thetwoleadingprivateretailbanksarelocallyownedandstaffedbutachievenear-globallevelsofbest-practiceproductivity.AHondafactoryinBrazilperformsalmostaswellasthecompany’sJapaneseandUSplants.Inthesamecountry,theFrenchhypermarketchainCarrefourachievesabout90percentoftheproductivitythatitachievesathome.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Ihavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon'tforceit.Afterall,that'showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn'thavetimeforeducation.Theydidn'thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity'sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficient,conditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn'tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Wecanconcludefromthesecondparagraphthatinpoorcountries（

）.

2.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theeconomicgrowthisneeded

（

）.

3.Accordingtothetext,educationgotstarted（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.progressineducationisnecessaryforthepoliticaldevelopment

B.theimportanceofeducationhasbeenoverestimated

C.thepooreducationresultsinthelowstandardsofliving

D.thetraditionalviewabouteducationisgroundless

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.beforeeducationcanprogress

B.beforeapoliticalsystemcanoperate

C.inpoorcountriestoescapepoverty

D.toadapttothecompetitiveenvironment

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.whenthegovernmentforcedpeopletostudy

B.whenourancestorshadenoughtime

C.whenourancestorswerenolongerphysicallyhungry

D.beforeourancestorsfoundbetterwaystogetfood

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong（然而，在貧窮國家教育應(yīng)該是最優(yōu)先促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的）可知B選項(xiàng)“教育的重要性被高估了”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由最后一段中的Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation...Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld'sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.（當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境推動(dòng)我們的祖先實(shí)現(xiàn)這一潛力時(shí)，他們又能提供更多的教育……然而，缺乏正規(guī)教育并不會(huì)限制發(fā)展中國家勞動(dòng)力在可預(yù)見的未來大幅度提高生產(chǎn)力的能力）可知經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)需要適應(yīng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境，因此選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第四段的內(nèi)容為：教育與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的真正關(guān)系是什么？我開始懷疑持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)會(huì)促進(jìn)教育的發(fā)展，即使政府不強(qiáng)制教育。畢竟，教育就是這樣開始的。當(dāng)我們的祖先一萬年前是獵人和采集者時(shí)，他們沒有時(shí)間接受教育?？芍逃_始在我們的祖先找到更好的食物的方法之前，因此選D。

5.單選題

Faulkner'sneighborsbothlovedandreviledhiminthesamebreath.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scolded

B.revealed

C.revived

D.reveled

【答案】A

【解析】句意：Faulkner的鄰居們對(duì)他又愛又罵。reviled意為“辱罵，謾罵”。scolded責(zé)罵，訓(xùn)斥；revealed透露，顯示；revived使復(fù)活，使恢復(fù)；reveled狂歡，陶醉。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

6.單選題

Therewasagroupofdemonstrators（）anti-governmentslogansinthesquare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crowing

B.chanting

C.intoning

D.crooning

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。crowing“啼叫”；chanting“喊叫，歌頌”；intoning“吟詠”；crooning“柔情低唱”。句意：一群游行示威者在廣場(chǎng)上有節(jié)奏的高喊反政府的口號(hào)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。opulently“富裕地，豐裕地”；excessively“過分地，極度”,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是超過合理范圍的；consistently“一貫地，一致地”；exceedingly“極其，非?！?，相當(dāng)于very。句意：如果你在電梯里盯著陌生人看，你會(huì)讓別人極其不舒服，并且你自己也會(huì)覺得很奇怪。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Tryingto（）thebestcourseofactioninthefaceofthedecliningmarket,heconsultedCharlesBillwhohadworkedforaleadingfirminChicagoasmarketingconsultantformanyyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reasonout

B.markout

C.spellout

D.sendout

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。reasonout“推理出，推論出”；markout“規(guī)劃；制定”；spellout“講清楚”；sendout“發(fā)送，派遣”。根據(jù)后面heconsultedCharlesBill“他咨詢了查爾斯?比爾”可知他是“為了制定最好的行動(dòng)方案來面對(duì)衰退的市場(chǎng)”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople.75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner’.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselves-toglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare（

）.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’neckbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto（

）.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

B.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydon'tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theydon’thowtocommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.nottoweardarkglasses

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepaused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章第一段第一句提到“眼睛是心靈的窗戶這個(gè)說法是有爭(zhēng)議的，但是在人際交往中眼睛非常重要是事實(shí)”Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact，選項(xiàng)B“在表達(dá)情感和交流思想時(shí)非常重要”符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第四句話提到“一張真正的人臉但是眼睛被遮住了不能引發(fā)嬰兒笑，只露出一只眼睛的側(cè)臉也不能讓嬰兒笑”（arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“從側(cè)面看某人的臉”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段提到“日本的嬰兒被母親背在背上，在他們的文化中沒有接收太多關(guān)于眼神交流的內(nèi)容”（InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures），所以他們交流時(shí)喜歡看對(duì)方的脖子而不是眼睛，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到“重要的是他們要在說話人重新建立眼神交流的時(shí)刻看向說話人；如果他們沒有看向?qū)Ψ剑f話人會(huì)認(rèn)為他們對(duì)所說話題不感興趣或者以為他們想中斷談話”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），因此選項(xiàng)C“停止眼神交流的時(shí)間不當(dāng)”符合題意。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一句話提到“當(dāng)談話雙方都戴墨鏡的時(shí)候就會(huì)知道這種眼神交流對(duì)于保持通暢談話有多重要：可能會(huì)中途被打斷，錯(cuò)誤的開始或者意料之外的停頓等等”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

Hehasgiven（）excusesforbeinglate;butnoneofthemistrue.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.number

B.numeral

C.numerable

D.numerous

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他給出很多遲到的理由，但是沒有一個(gè)是真的。

考查形容詞辨析。number數(shù)字，號(hào)碼；numeral數(shù)字，數(shù)碼;numerable可數(shù)的，可計(jì)算的；numerous很多的，許多的。根據(jù)后面句意“但是沒有一個(gè)是真的”可知D符合句意。

11.單選題

Hedevelopeda（）attitudeafteryearsoffrustrationinhiscareer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.encouraged

B.disgusted

C.drastic

D.cynical

【答案】D

【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厭煩的；drastic激烈的；cynical憤世嫉俗的。句意：在經(jīng)歷了多年的事業(yè)挫折之后，他變得憤世嫉俗。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

12.單選題

HehasbeeninChinaforayearandstudiedthemarkettodiscoverthe（

）forprofitableinvestment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.necessity

B.reality

C.capacity

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他在中國待了一年來研究市場(chǎng)，以便發(fā)現(xiàn)投資獲利的可能性。

考查名詞辨析。Necessity必然,必要,需要;reality現(xiàn)實(shí),事實(shí);capacity容量,能力,職位;potential可能,潛能。故D符合句意。

13.單選題

Visionsareaskedto（

）withtheregulations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conflict

B.consult

C.comply

D.contrast

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。conflict“沖突”；consult“咨詢”；comply“遵守”；contrast“對(duì)比”。句意：愿景被要求遵守于規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Thechildrenhaveamore（

）view,onlytakinginconsiderationwhatwillwork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pragmatic

B.dreary

C.marital

D.dominant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pragmatic“實(shí)用的，講求實(shí)效的”；B選項(xiàng)dreary“令人沮喪的，沉悶的”；C選項(xiàng)marital“婚姻的，夫妻關(guān)系的”；D選項(xiàng)dominant“首要的，占支配地位的，占優(yōu)勢(shì)的”。由后面的“onlytakinginconsiderationwhatwillwork（只有考慮到什么才能起作用）”可知A選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯搭配。句意：孩子們有一個(gè)更實(shí)用的觀點(diǎn)，只考慮什么會(huì)起作用。

15.單選題

Theannual（）ofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stocking

B.stocktaking

C.stockpiling

D.stockholding

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析。stocking長(zhǎng)襪；stocktaking盤點(diǎn)存貨；stockpiling貯存，囤積；stockholding持有股票或證券。句意：百貨公司的年度盤點(diǎn)明天開始。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Thelocalgovernmentreducedthetaxonpetrolasa（）tothepublicoutcry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conception

B.consensus

C.contempt

D.concession

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)conception“懷孕；概念；設(shè)想”；B選項(xiàng)consensus“一致；輿論；合意”；C選項(xiàng)contempt“輕視，蔑視；恥辱”；D選項(xiàng)concession“讓步；承認(rèn)；退位”。句意：當(dāng)?shù)卣疁p少汽油稅來當(dāng)作對(duì)公眾強(qiáng)烈抗議的讓步。根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittleliaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned.Ideasaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved,havinggivenhiswifeher"housekeeping",wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewasandstillisinclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasanimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlaws,combinedwithageneralriseinthestandardoflivingsincethemid-fiftiesofthe20thcentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid.Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillre-appear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof（）isclosertotruth?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnotatypicalfeatureofthemiddleclass?

4.Working-classpeople'ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorsexcept?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lifestyleandoccupation

B.Attitudeandincome

C.incomeandjobsecurity

D.jobsecurityandhobbies

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoney

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekend

C.working-classdrinkinghabits

D.middle-classattitudes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.desiringforsecurity

B.Makinglongtermplans

C.havingprioritiesinlife

D.savingmoney

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.bettersocialsecurity

B.morejobopportunities

C.higherlivingstandard

D.betterlegalprotection.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.

C.differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.

D.middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworking-classpeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence(過去，工人階級(jí)的工資往往低于中產(chǎn)階級(jí)，如教師和醫(yī)生。由于這一點(diǎn)，也由于工人的工作普遍不太穩(wěn)定，生活方式和態(tài)度出現(xiàn)了明顯的差異),因此選C“收入和工作穩(wěn)定”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth(中產(chǎn)階級(jí)花錢的舊模式或許更接近真實(shí)),因此A項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)花錢的方式”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:渴望安全,C:在生活中有優(yōu)先考慮的事情,第三段指出:Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasanimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity(他(中產(chǎn)階級(jí))不僅將買房子看成是一件重要的事情，且他還認(rèn)為自己孩子的教育非常重耍。這兩個(gè)方而為他和自己的家庭提供了安全),因此A和C屬于中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的典型特點(diǎn)。B:制定長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的計(jì)劃,由第三段“Hewasandstillisinclinedtotakealonger-termview(他（即中產(chǎn)階級(jí)）過去且現(xiàn)在仍然傾向于去采取更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn))”可知B項(xiàng)屬于中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的典型特點(diǎn)。只有D項(xiàng)“攢錢”沒提及,故選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:更好的社會(huì)保障,B:更多的工作機(jī)會(huì),C:更高的生活水平,D:更好的法律保護(hù),第三段指出:Socialsecurityandlaws,combinedwithageneralriseinthestandardoflivingsincethemid-fiftiesofthe20thcentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow"(社會(huì)保障和法律，以及20世紀(jì)以來生活水平的普遍提高，讓大家相比以前更沒有必要去擔(dān)心‘明天’),故A、C、D屬于導(dǎo)致工人階級(jí)安全感提升的因素。B項(xiàng)文章未提及。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:英國社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面都正在發(fā)生緩慢變化,第一段指出:Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned(過去25年里，英國社會(huì)發(fā)生了很大變化或至少它的很多方而發(fā)生了很大的變化，但有些方而卻沒什么變化),因此A項(xiàng)與原文不符。B:工人階級(jí)和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人之間的差距正在縮小,由最后一段“Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople(（工人階級(jí)與中產(chǎn)階級(jí)）在生活方式和態(tài)度上的改變可能最容易在年輕人身上被看到)”可知B與原文相符。C:收人差異將仍然存在，但是在職業(yè)上的那些差異將會(huì)消失,最后一段指出:Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid（whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave）andthelow-paid(然而，我們?cè)谑杖敫叩娜耍o論他們可能有的工作種類是什么）和收人差的人之間仍然將會(huì)有大的落差),因此C與原文相符。D:中產(chǎn)階級(jí)有時(shí)感覺不如工人階級(jí),第四段指出:Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition(實(shí)際上，在過去數(shù)年里中產(chǎn)階級(jí)為自己的位置感到有些羞愧的傾向在不斷增加),因此D項(xiàng)與原文相符。故答案選A。

18.翻譯題

Shoppingwasstressfulformen.Insomecases,whenwelookedatheartrateandbloodpressure,wesawsomethingyou’dexpecttoseeinfighterpilotsgoingintocombatorpolicemengoingintodangeroussituations.

Guy-modeshoppingisnotcompatiblewithfemaleshopping.Femaleshoppinginvolveslong-terminteractionwithcrowdsofpeoplewhodon’treallyknowwhattheywant,orwheretheywanttogo.Nomancanstandmuchofthis.Wemenareallaboutcompletion—gettingin,gettingthejobdone,andgettingout.

Here’showI’veshopped:1.DecideonthethingIwant.2.Callaroundtofindanearlydesertedstorethathasthething.3.Gotothestore.4.Walkdirectlytothething.5.Buyit.6.Getitwrapped.7.Peelout.

Lastyear,IboughtwifeBrendaacoffeepotforChristmas.Thewholeprocess,doortodoor，tookabout15minutes.Still，Iwasshakingwhenitwasover.

Aguymakesaplan,carriesitoutandexits.Wedon’twander,wedon’tbrowse,andwedon’tdoawholelotofcomparing.Ifwesaywe’regoingwindowshopping,youcanexpectustocomehomewithawindow.Mostofthemenadmittedthattheywouldchoosethefirstgifttheysaw,ratherthanspendtimeincrowdedstores.

Let’sseehowDavidbuyscars:Hecallsdowntothecarlotandtellshissalesmantostartdrivingcarsbyhisofficewindow.IfDaviddoesn’tlikeacar,hejustwavesthesalesmanon.Ifacarcatcheshiseye,Davidholdsuphishand.Thesalesmanpullsover.Davidwalksoutandexaminesthecarupclose.Ifhestilllikesthecarafterfiveminutes,hewritesacheck.

【答案】購物對(duì)男人來說是有壓力的。在一些情況下，當(dāng)我們觀察心率和血壓時(shí)，我們看到了一些你會(huì)在戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)飛行員進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)斗或警察進(jìn)入危險(xiǎn)的情況下看到的一種狀態(tài)。

男性模式的購物與女性不同。女性購物需要與一群不知道自己想要什么、想去哪里的人進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期互動(dòng)。而這些男人無法忍受。我們男人都是為了達(dá)到目標(biāo)——達(dá)到目標(biāo)，然后離開。

這是我購物的方式：1.確定我想買的東西；2.打電話到附近找一家?guī)缀鯖]人的商店，并且這個(gè)商店有這個(gè)東西；3.去這個(gè)商店；4.直接找到此商品；5.購買；6.包裝好；7.離開。

去年，我給妻子買了個(gè)咖啡壺作為圣誕禮物。一個(gè)一個(gè)商店地逛，整個(gè)過程花了15分鐘。結(jié)束時(shí)我仍然在發(fā)抖。

男人購物會(huì)制定計(jì)劃，實(shí)施計(jì)劃然后結(jié)束離開。我們不會(huì)閑逛、不會(huì)多瀏覽，也不會(huì)做大量的比較。如果我們說我們要去逛街看櫥窗，你可以指望我們帶著一扇窗回家。大多數(shù)男性承認(rèn)，他們會(huì)選擇他們看到的第一件禮物，而不是花時(shí)間在擁擠的商店里。

我們來看一下David是如何買汽車的：他打電話到汽車展銷中心，告訴他的銷售員開始在他辦公室的窗戶旁駕駛汽車。如果大衛(wèi)不喜歡汽車，他就向銷售員揮手示意。如果一輛汽車引起了他的注意，大衛(wèi)就會(huì)舉起手來。銷售員把車停在路邊。大衛(wèi)走過去，近距離檢查汽車。如果五分鐘后他還喜歡這輛車，他就會(huì)開支票買下來。

19.單選題

Afterawholeday’sheavywork，theoldworkerreturnedhome,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hungryandfeltexhausting

B.hungerandexhausted

C.hungryandhavingbeenexhausted

D.hungryandexhausted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞作狀語。題干的主語是theoldworker,空格處填兩個(gè)形容詞來修飾主語。根據(jù)前一句“在一天的勞累工作之后”可知這個(gè)老工人是饑餓并且疲憊的。exhausting使筋疲力盡的；exhausted疲憊的。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：在經(jīng)歷一天的勞累工作后，這個(gè)老工人帶著饑餓和疲憊回家了。

20.翻譯題

TheEnglishlanguagedoesnotstandstillanymorethanourotherinstitutions.Alllanguagechangesoveraperiodoftime,forreasonswhichareimperfectlyunderstood.Orrather,sincespeechisreallyaformofhumanactivity,likedancingorplayingthepiano-andnotanentityinitself-itismoreexacttosaythateachsuccessivegenerationbehaveslinguisticallyinalightlydifferentmannerfromitspredecessors.Inhisteenstheyoungmanisimpatientofwhatheconsiderstobetheundulyformalandunnaturalvocabularyandpronunciationofhiseldersandhelikestoshowhowuptodateheisbytheuseofthelatestslang,butastheyearsgoby,someofhisslangbecomesstandardusageandinanycaseheslowlygrowslessreceptivetolinguisticnovelties.

【答案】英語和我們的其他體系一樣，不會(huì)停滯不前。所有的語言都會(huì)在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生變化，變化的原因人們還不完全理解。或者更確切地說，因?yàn)檎Z言是人類活動(dòng)的一種形式，就像跳舞或演奏鋼琴一樣，而不是一種實(shí)體本身，因此更準(zhǔn)確的說法應(yīng)該是每一代人與上一代相比，在語言行為上都略有不同。青少年會(huì)認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)輩的語言過于正式，詞匯和發(fā)音都不自然，對(duì)此他們失去耐心，他們會(huì)急于顯示自己的時(shí)髦，使用最新的俚語，但是隨著歲月的流逝，他們使用一些俚語就變成了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用法，同時(shí)對(duì)于語言上的創(chuàng)新，他們也不像過去那樣歡迎了。

21.單選題

Dr.ElizabethHurdondistinguishedherselfasasurgeonatatimeinwhichmedicalprofessionwas（）male.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.only

B.occasionally

C.predominantly

D.regrettably

/