英語重點語法解析 that which

英語重點語法解析thatwhichDoyousometimeswonderwhethertousethatorwhichinasentence?Inmanycases,inBritishEnglish,bothwordsareequallycorrect.你是不是經(jīng)常想要弄明白that和which在句中有什么區(qū)別?在英式英語中的一些使用場景中，這兩個詞都是正確的。/Sheheldoutthehandwhichwashurt./Sheheldoutthehandthatwashurt她伸出那只受傷的手。Inthesesentences,thatandwhichareintroducingwhat'sknownasarestrictiverelativeclause.Thisisaclausecontainingessentialinformationaboutthenounthatcomesbeforeit.Ifyouleaveoutthistypeofclause,themeaningofthesentenceisaffected-indeed,itwillprobablynotmakemuchsenseatalLRestrictiverelativeclausescanbeintroducedbythat,which,whose,who,orwhom.在上面兩個句子中"hat和which用于連接限定性定語從句。限定性定語從句用于修飾主句中的某個名詞性成分。如果去掉限定性定語從句,那么句子的含義將受到影響(如：句子將失去原有的意義)。限定性定語從句可由that,which,who,whom連接。Theothertypeofrelativeclauseisknownasanon-restrictiverelativeclause.Thiskindofclausecontainsextrainformationthatcouldbeleftoutofthesentencewithoutaffectingthemeaningorstructure.Non-restrictiveclausescanbeintroducedbywhich,whose,who,orwhom,butyoushouldneverusethattointroducethem.Forexample:另外一種定語從句是非限定性定語從句。非限定性定語從句包含附加的信息，去掉從句部分對主句的含義和結構不構成影響。非限定性定語從句的關系詞可以為which,whose,who和whomo但不可以使用that來連接非限定性定語從句，例如：Alistofcontentswouldhavemadeiteasiertosteerthroughthebook,whichalsolacksamap.一個目錄列表使得概覽這本書更容易，但這本書仍然缺少一個示意圖。Sheheldoutherhand,whichRobshook.她伸出了手，這只手之前被羅伯搖動過。Notethatanon-restrictiveclauseisprecededbyacomma(soastosetofftheextrainformation),whereasnocommashouldprecedearestrictiveclause（indicatingthattheinformationisessential,notextra）:注意,非限定性定語從句之前有一個逗號（從而引出附加的信息）,而限制性從句前沒有逗號（說明從句信息是重要的，且不可以省略）：Iboughtanewdress,whichIwillbewearingtoJo'sparty,[non-restrictive]我買了一條新裙子，我將穿著它參加喬的派對。[非限定性定語從句]IwaswearingthedressthatIboughttoweartoJo'sparty,[restrictive]我買了一條新裙子并將穿著它參加喬的派對。[限定性定語從句]LastweekIwenttothetheatre.Ihadaverygoodseat.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Ididnotenjoyit.Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme.Theyweretalkingloudly.Igotveryangry.Icouldnotheartheactors.Iturnedround.Ilookedatthemanandthewomanangrily.Theydidnotpayanyattention.Intheend,Icouldnotbearit.Iturnedroundagain.‘Ican'thearaword!7Isaidangrily."Ifsnoneofyourbusiness,'theyoungmansaidrudely.Thisisaprivateconversation!7Notesonthetext課文注釋gotothetheatre,去看戲。gotangry,生氣。turnround,轉身,也可用turnaroundopayattention,注意。Icouldnotbearit.我無法忍受。其中的it是指上文中的那對男女大聲說話又不理會作者的憤怒目光。noneofyourbusiness,不關你的事。參考譯文：上星期我去看戲。我的座位很好，戲很有意思，