2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)27

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Youarelikelytogetapromotionbecauseoftheprofitable()youmadeforthecompanylastmonth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transition

B.transfusion

C.transfer

D.transaction

【答案】D

【解析】transition過(guò)渡，轉(zhuǎn)變；transfusion輸血，輸液；transfer轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)籺ransaction交易。句意：你有可能得到提升，因?yàn)槟闵蟼€(gè)月為公司做了一筆賺錢(qián)的交易。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

2.單選題

Thepartyleaderjustifiedhissubsequentre-election（）thathehadbroughtpoliticalstabilityandeconomicdevelopmenttohiscountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intheway

B.bynomeans

C.onthegrounds

D.totheextent

【答案】C

【解析】intheway妨礙，擋道；bynomeans決不；onthegrounds由于……的原因，理由是……；totheextent到……的程度。句意：這位黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人為他后來(lái)的連任辯護(hù)，理由是他為他的國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了政治穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

Theworkthatwomendohasalwaysbeenfundamentaltotheglobaleconomy.Buttheircontributionhasn’tregisteredwithtraditionaleconomicinstitutionsbecausesomuchofithasbeennonmonetary.Infact,onecommoneconomictermfornonmonetaryworkisinactivity.It’sthatattitudethathasmadewomen’sworkinvisible.Nowonderthebattlecryofthewomen’smovementwasequality.

Bymovingintotheworldofpaidwork,inrichcountriesatleast,womenhaveindeeduppedtheirvisibility.ButIdoubtthatyoucould,makeaveryconclusivecasethattheyhavebecomeequaltomen.TheUnitedNationsestimatedin1993thateconomicequalitybetweenthesexeswouldtake,atthepacethenprevailing,1,000yearstoachieve.Themedialovefemalehighfliers,thehandfulofcompanydirectorsandCEOswhoaretrottedouttimeandagainasevidenceofthegainswomenhavemade.Buttheyarenottrulyrepresentativeoftheaverageworkingwoman,saddledwithadoubleburdenasshetriestobalanceherjobwithlifeasamotherandhomemaker.

Thisbalancingactisaformulaforunfulfillment.Itwouldhavebeenfarmoreequitableforwomeninthelongrunifitwasthenonmonetaryworkthathadbeensharedout—if,forexample,menspentmorethanafractionofthetimewiththeirchildrenthattheirwivesdo.AndIbelievethat,inpractice,mostwomenwouldprefersimplefairnesstoeconomicequality.AsmyfriendHazelHendersonsays,ourkidsdidn’twanttoseeusturnintothebestbloodymen.

Still,it’sverymuchatrendtofocusontheglobaleconomicimpactofwomen,particularlyasit’sfeltinthesmall-scaleinitiativesthatwomenhaveestablishedaroundtheworld.Dealingdirectlywitheconomicallymarginalizedcommunitiesandcooperativesaroundtheglobe,I’veseenhowwomenholdasocietytogether.Economicopportunitymeansmuchmoretothemthanmoney.Italsofostersthefundamentalsofself-esteem:education,healthcare,culturalcontinuityandthechancetoprotectthepastwhileshapingafuture.

Asenseofcommunityisoneoftheso-called“feminine”valuesthatethicalbusinessthinkersputforwardintheirquestfornewparadigms.Thesevaluesreflectintimatepersonalandculturalattributesthatareinmanywaysthereverseoftheglobal-marketsyndrome,whichisallaboutdistance,impersonalityandthemovementofcapitalregardlessofhumanconsequence.Youdon’thavetowonderwhatwouldhappenifwecouldfeminizeeconomicactivityandeconomicrelations.Thereisalreadyplentyofevidenceintheworkofsomepioneeringfemalethinkerswhoseconcernaboutthesocietytheirchildrenwillinheritpromisestofundamentallychangeglobaleconomics.

Infact,mostofthefinancialsector’sinnovativethinkingonsociallyresponsiveinvestinghascomefromwomen.WhyamInotsurprised?Globalizationisamug’sgamebeingplayedinaMan’sworld.Icanimagineadaywhencompassioncountsasmuchascashflow.Afterall,thechallengesthatconfrontthebusinessworldalreadydemandaholisticperspective.Andwhoisgoingtobebestequippedtofacethatfuture?

1.Accordingtothewriter,mostwomen（）.

2.Theexpression"saddledwith"inLine10ofParagraph2means（）.

3.Thefifthparagraphsuggeststhatineconomicactivityandeconomicrelations,women（）.

4.Bysaying"Globalizationisamug'sgamebeingplayedinaman'sworld",thewritermeans（）.

5.Thewriterimpliesinthelastparagraphthatthepersonswhoaregoingtobebestequippedinworldeconomyare（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wanttodemonstratehowresponsibletheyareindoingbusiness

B.areignorantoftheglobaleconomy

C.justseeksimplefairnessratherthanequality

D.arefedupwiththeirhusbands'spendinglesstimetheirchildren

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.letdown

B.putupwith

C.playedup

D.burdenedwith

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.aremuchmorecompassionatethanmen

B.arelessqualifiedthanmen

C.canmakealotofintimatefriends

D.attachmuchimportancetoeconomicconsequences

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itismenwhocanreallyhavetheeconomicglobalizationmaterialized

B.menareunlikelytosucceedineconomicglobalization

C.mendonottakeeconomicglobalizationseriously

D.itisapieceofcakeformentoglobalizetheworldeconomy

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.universitystudents

B.futurists

C.men

D.women

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“AndIbelievethat,inpractice,mostwomenwouldprefersimplefairnesstoeconomicequality.”我認(rèn)為，實(shí)際上大多數(shù)女性更喜歡簡(jiǎn)單的公平，而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的平等。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Buttheyarenottrulyrepresentativeoftheaverageworkingwoman,saddledwithadoubleburdenasshetriestobalanceherjobwithlifeasamotherandhomemaker.”但她們并不能真正代表普通職業(yè)女性，在努力平衡工作與母親和家庭生活的過(guò)程中，她們背負(fù)著雙重負(fù)擔(dān)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.第五段的內(nèi)容主要是講共同體意識(shí)也是商業(yè)倫理思想者提倡的所謂的“女性”價(jià)值之一。它與只著眼于金錢(qián)，而不考慮人格和文化特征的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)模式不同。根據(jù)第六段提到的，由于未來(lái)的商業(yè)社會(huì)要求采取整體性思維和更具同情心，而女性在這樣的環(huán)境中更有發(fā)展，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.“mug'sgame”指費(fèi)力不討好的事。這里指商業(yè)世界面臨的挑戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)需要一個(gè)全面的視角。說(shuō)明男性在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化中不太可能成功。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“mostofthefinancialsector'sinnovativethinkingonsociallyresponsiveinvestinghascomefromwomen.”財(cái)政部門(mén)大多數(shù)對(duì)社會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)的投資具有創(chuàng)新思維的建議來(lái)自女性。說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為女性在未來(lái)社會(huì)中的地位將會(huì)更加舉足輕重。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Incalculatingthedailycalorierequirementsforanindividual,variationsinbodysize,physicalactivityandageshouldbe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.broughtintopractice

B.takenintoaccount

C.thrownlighton

D.lookeddownupon

【答案】B

【解析】bringintopractice實(shí)行；takeintoaccount考慮；throwlighton照亮，闡明，使……顯得清楚；lookdownupon看不起。句意：在計(jì)算個(gè)人每日所需熱量時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮到體型、體力活動(dòng)和年齡的變化。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Haveyoueverfeltyourlifegointoslowmotionasyourealizesomethingbadishappening?Youmighthavejustknockedoverawineglassornoticedacarhurtlingtowardsyou,forexample.Nowscientistshavemeasuredexactlyhowmuchtheseattention-grabbingeventsslowdownourperceptionoftheworldaroundus.

Anotherexampleoftheworldappearingtoslowdowniswhenyouarehangingonthephonewaitingforsomeonetopickupattheotherend.Ifyourattentionwanderswhileyou’rewaiting,thensuddenlyswitchesback,youwillprobablyhearwhatseemslikealongerthanusualsilencebeforehearingthedialingtoneagain.Foryou,timewillhavemomentarilyslowed.

Toseehowourperceptionoftimechangeswhensomethingnewhappens,VincentWalshandhiscolleaguesputheadphonesonvolunteersandplayedeightbeepstotheirrightears.Thegapbetweeneachbeepwasexactly1second,exceptforthegapbetweenthefourthandfifthbeeps,whichthescientistscouldmakeshorterorlonger.Theyalteredthelengthofthisgapuntilthevolunteersestimateditwasthesamelengthastheothergaps.Theresearchersfoundthat,onaverage,peoplejudgeasecondslightlyshort,at955milliseconds.

Inthesecondpartoftheexperiment,thefirstfourbeepswereplayedtothesubject’srightear,buttheotherfourwerethenplayedtotheirleft.Again,thevolunteerswereaskedtoestimatewhenthegapbetweenthefourthandfifthbeepswasthesameastheothers.Thistimetheyjudgedasecondtobeevenshorteras825millisecondslong.

Perceivingasecondtobemuchshorterthanitismakesyoufeelasthoughtheworldhasgoneintoslowmotion,sincelesshappensinthatsliceoftime.Walshthinkstheeffectcouldhaveevolvedtogiveusafractionmoretimetoreacttopotentiallythreateningevents.

Lastyear,KieranYarrow,aBritishpsychologistfoundasimilareffectwithvision.Whenyouglanceataclock,thefirstsecondwillseemlongerthanitreallyis.

Yarrow’sresultsshowedthattimeappeartoslowdownbyasimilaramountasWalshfound.Previousstudieshaveshownthatcoolingthebodyslowsdownourperceptionoftimewhilewarmingituphastheoppositeeffect.

1.Afteryounoticedacarhurtlingtowardsyou,youmightfeelthat（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,hangingonthephonewaitingforsomeonetopickupattheotherend,youmight（

）.

3.VincentWalshandhiscolleaguesdidtheexperimentinorderto（

）.

4.WhathaveVincentandhiscolleaguesfoundthroughtheexperiment?

5.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatwhenwearehot,we’llfeeltime（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theworldaroundyouhadsloweddown

B.somethingbadwasgoingtohappen

C.lifehadsuddenlybecomemeaningless

D.people'slifewassofragile

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.haveahighconcentrationofmind.

B.feelveryannoyedatthepeopleontheotherend

C.feeltimeissomehowsloweddown

D.beunabletohearthedialingtone

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.seewhichearismoresensitivetobeeps

B.findouttherelationshipbetweentimeandlife

C.studyhowtimechangesatthe4and5hbeeps

D.observehowpeople’sperceptionoftimechanges

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theleftearofpeopleismoresensitivethantherightone.

B.Peoplejudgeasecondtobeslightlyshorterthanitreallyis.

C.Researchsubjectsarelessaccuratethanresearchersinjudgingasecond.

D.Normallyasecondisinfacteither955millisecondsor825milliseconds.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.runsfaster

B.stopsalltogether

C.runsslower

D.reversesitsdirection

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Nowscientistshavemeasuredexactlyhowmuchtheseattention-grabbingeventsslowdownourperceptionoftheworldaroundus.”科學(xué)家們精確地測(cè)量了這些引人注目的事件在多大程度上減慢了我們對(duì)周?chē)澜绲母兄?。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)你在等待電話(huà)另一端的人接電話(huà)的時(shí)候，你會(huì)覺(jué)得時(shí)間暫時(shí)慢了下來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Toseehowourperceptionoftimechangeswhensomethingnewhappens,VincentWalshandhiscolleaguesputheadphonesonvolunteersandplayedeightbeepstotheirrightears.”VincentWalsh和他的同事們做實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了了解當(dāng)新事物發(fā)生時(shí)，我們對(duì)時(shí)間的感知是如何變化的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.Vincent和同事們做的實(shí)驗(yàn)，兩個(gè)部分都得出一個(gè)結(jié)論，那就是人們認(rèn)為一秒鐘的時(shí)間比實(shí)際時(shí)間要短。選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Previousstudieshaveshownthatcoolingthebodyslowsdownourperceptionoftimewhilewarmingituphastheoppositeeffect.”以前的研究表明，給身體降溫會(huì)減緩我們對(duì)時(shí)間的感知，而給身體升溫則會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果，也就是會(huì)加快我們對(duì)時(shí)間的感知，認(rèn)為時(shí)間比實(shí)際時(shí)間要快。選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.單選題

Asaresult,theyhadto（）answeringtheirletterbythreedays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decide

B.refrain

C.surpass

D.delay

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。選項(xiàng)中只有delay后面可以接動(dòng)名詞。句意：他們不得不推遲三天回信。所以本題選D。

7.單選題

Nobodyyetknowshowlongandhowseriouslytheshakinessinthefinancialsystemwill（）downtheeconomy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.put

B.settle

C.drag

D.knock

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。putdown放下；settledown安居，安定下來(lái)；dragdown向下拖，其比喻義為：使衰弱，拖垮；knockdown擊倒，拆卸。句意：沒(méi)人知道金融體系的動(dòng)蕩會(huì)拖垮經(jīng)濟(jì)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、有多嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)howlongandhowseriously可知，選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Theenergycrisis,whichisbeingfeltaroundtheworld,hasdramatizedhowthecarelessuseoftheearth’sresourceshasbroughtthewholeworldtothebrinkofdisaster.Theoverdevelopmentofmotortransport,withits（1）ofmorecars,morehighways,morepollution,moresuburbs,morecommuting,has（2）tothenear-destructionofourcities,andthepollutionnotonlyof（3）air,butalsooftheearths’atmosphere.Thedisasterhasarrivedinthe（4）oftheenergycrisis.

Ourpresent（5）isunlikewar,revolutionordepression.Itisalsounlikethegreatnaturaldisastersofthepast.Worldwideresources（6）andenergyusehavebroughtustoastate（7）long-rangeplanningisessential.Whatweneedisnotacontinuationofourpresentseriousstate,which（8）thefutureofourcountry,ourchildren,andourearth,（9）amovementforwardtoanewnorminordertoworkrapidlyandeffectivelyonplanetaryproblems.

Thiscountryhasbeenfallingbackunderthecontinuingexposuresoflossof（10）.Thereisastrongdemandformoralrevivaland（11）somedevotionthatisvastenoughandyet（12）enoughtoenlistthedevolutionofall.Inthepastithasbeenonlyinawarin（13）oftheirowncountry（14）anypeoplehavebeenableto（15）themselveswholeheartedly.

Thisisthefirsttimewehavebeenaskedtodefendourselvesandwhatweholddearin（16）withalltheotherinhabitantsofthisplanet,who（17）withusthesameendangeredairandthesameendangeredoceans.Thereisa（18）needtoreassessourpresentcourse,andto（19）newmethodsthroughwhichtheworldcansurvive.Thisispriceless（20）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.manufacture

B.increase

C.presence

D.expansion

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.attributed

B.contributed

C.amounted

D.brought

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.urban

B.rural

C.local

D.downtown

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.form

B.case

C.event

D.course

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.surrounding

B.environment

C.circumstance

D.situation

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.exploitation

B.exploration

C.explosion

D.exposition

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.why

C.when

D.where

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.influences

B.endangers

C.restrains

D.transforms

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.but

B.yet

C.or

D.and

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.responsibility

B.conscience

C.morality

D.dedication

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.by

C.with

D.for

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.personal

B.collective

C.compulsory

D.unanimous

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.protection

B.defense

C.rescue

D.maintenance

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.why

C.that

D.what

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.engage

B.donate

C.sacrifice

D.devote

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.comparison

B.accordance

C.cooperation

D.connection

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.regulate

B.exhaust

C.dominate

D.share

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.mutual

B.common

C.universal

D.general

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.devise

B.alter

C.initiate

D.modify

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.challenge

B.opportunity

C.attempt

D.notion

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】（1）根據(jù)原文：汽車(chē)運(yùn)輸?shù)倪^(guò)度發(fā)展，伴隨著更多的汽車(chē)，更多的高速公路，更多的污染，更多的郊區(qū)，更多的通勤，已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了我們城市幾乎毀滅。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（2）contributedto導(dǎo)致；attributedto歸因于；amounted總計(jì)。句意：所有的這些因素導(dǎo)致了城市的近乎毀滅。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（3）根據(jù)原文：不僅污染了當(dāng)?shù)氐目諝猓椅廴玖说厍虻拇髿鈱?。選項(xiàng)C包括了其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以更符合原文。

（4）intheformof以……的形式。這里指這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難以能源危機(jī)的形式出現(xiàn)。

（5）surrounding環(huán)境，周?chē)氖澄?；environment多指自然環(huán)境；circumstance境遇；situation情形，情況。句意：我們現(xiàn)在的情況不同于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、革命或蕭條。選項(xiàng)D更符合原文。

（6）exploitation開(kāi)發(fā)，開(kāi)采；exploration探測(cè)；explosion爆炸，爆發(fā)；exposition展覽會(huì)。根據(jù)原文，這里應(yīng)該指對(duì)資源的開(kāi)采，選項(xiàng)A正確。

（7）先行詞是state，where在這里引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，修飾state。

（8）influences影響；endangers危及；restrains限制；transforms變換，變形。根據(jù)原文，這里指由于資源和能源的過(guò)度使用，這種狀態(tài)已經(jīng)危及到了國(guó)家、兒童以及地球的未來(lái)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（9）根據(jù)原文：我們需要的不是繼續(xù)我們目前嚴(yán)重的狀態(tài)，而是朝著一種新的規(guī)范前進(jìn)，以便迅速和有效地解決問(wèn)題。根據(jù)上下文可知，這里為轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（10）responsibility責(zé)任，義務(wù)；conscience良心，道德心；morality道德，美德；dedication奉獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)原文，這個(gè)國(guó)家在道德喪失的持續(xù)暴露下一直在倒退。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（11）根據(jù)句意可知，and連接并列句，前面是demandfor，后面也應(yīng)該填介詞for。

（12）personal個(gè)人的，親自的；collective集體的，共同的；compulsory必修的，強(qiáng)制的；unanimous全體一致的。

（13）indefenseofcountry保衛(wèi)國(guó)家，為固定搭配。

（14）這里為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，所以用that引導(dǎo)，不充當(dāng)任何成分。

（15）根據(jù)原文：在過(guò)去，只有在保衛(wèi)自己的國(guó)家的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，任何人都能全心全意地獻(xiàn)身于自己的國(guó)家。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（16）comparison比較；accordance一致，和諧；connection連接，關(guān)系；incooperationwith與……合作。句意：這是我們第一次被要求與地球上所有其他居民合作，保衛(wèi)我們自己和我們珍視的東西。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（17）sharewithsb.與……共享，共同擁有。句意：這些居民與我們共享著同樣瀕危的空氣和同樣瀕危的海洋。只有選項(xiàng)D能與介詞with搭配。

（18）mutual彼此的，相互的；universal普遍的；general一般的。這里指共同的需要。

（19）devise設(shè)計(jì)，想出；alter改變；initiate發(fā)起，創(chuàng)始；modify修改。想出新的方法。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（20）challenge挑戰(zhàn)；opportunity機(jī)會(huì)，時(shí)機(jī)；attempt企圖，嘗試；notion概念。這是一個(gè)無(wú)價(jià)的機(jī)會(huì)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

9.單選題

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inthelightof根據(jù)，按照；intheeventof如果……發(fā)生；inthefaceof面臨，面對(duì)；inthecourseof在……過(guò)程中。句意：她總是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和原則來(lái)處理問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

10.單選題

Asadefenseagainstair-pollutiondamage,manyplantsandanimals（）asubstancetoabsorbharmfulchemicals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relieve

B.release

C.dismiss

D.discard

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。relieve解除，減輕；release釋放；dismiss解散，解雇；discard拋棄，丟棄。句意：許多動(dòng)植物會(huì)釋放一種物質(zhì)來(lái)吸收有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Influenzaiscausedbyavirus()oneperson()anotherindropletscoughedorsneezedintotheair.Itischaracterizedbycoldlikesymptomspluschills,fever,headaches,muscleaches,andfatigue.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transferredfrom...to

B.transmittedfrom...to

C.transactedfrom...to

D.transcendfrom...to

【答案】B

【解析】transfer轉(zhuǎn)移；transmit傳播；transact交易，談判；transcend勝過(guò)，超越。句意：流感是由一種病毒通過(guò)咳嗽或打噴嚏的飛沫在空氣中一個(gè)傳給另一個(gè)引起的，它的特點(diǎn)是感冒的癥狀加上寒戰(zhàn)、發(fā)燒、頭痛、肌肉疼痛和疲勞。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

Hesaidthatveryclearlysothatnobodywasinany（）aboutwhatwasmeant.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wonder

B.doubt

C.question

D.consideration

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞組辨析。inquestion討論中的，考慮中的；indoubt感到懷疑，不能肯定的；wonder想知道，inconsideration考慮到，鑒于。句意：他說(shuō)得很清楚，所以沒(méi)有人對(duì)他的意思感到懷疑。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

Experiencedbaseballfielderscantellhowfaraballisgoingtotraveljustbylisteningtothecrackofthebat.Iftheydidn't,theywouldn'tstandachanceofcatchingit,claimsaphysicistinNewYork.

“Whenabaseballishitstraightatanoutfielder,hecannotquicklyjudgetheangleofthescentandthedistancetheballwilltravel,”saysRobertAdair,aphysicistatYaleUniversity.Ifhereliedpurelyuponvisualinformation,thefielderwouldhavetowaitforaboutone-and-a-halfsecondsbeforehecouldtellaccuratelyifthepitcherhittheballlongorshort.Bythistimetheballmayhavetraveledtoofarforhimtoreachitintime.

Tostandafightingchanceofcatchingit,accordingtoAdair,fieldersmustlistentothesoundtheballhittingthebattojudgehowfaritwilltravel.Thereisanecdotalevidencetosupportthis,hesays.AformercentrefieldertoldAdair:“IfIheardacrackIranout,ifIheardaclunk,Iranin.”

Totesthishypothesis,Adaircalculatedhowquicklyafieldercouldchangedirectionifhehadmisjudgedwhethertheballwasgoinglongorshort.Thedifferencebetweenthe“crack”and“clunk”canbeexplainedbyhowwellthebatterhashittheball,andcouldmeanadifferenceinrunningdistanceofasmuchas30meters,hetolddelegatesatameetingoftheAcousticalSocietyofAmericaninChicagolastweek.

Scientistsalreadyknewthattohitaballlongthebattermuststrikeitsomewherenearthevibrationalnodeofthebat,knownasthesweetspot.Ballshitonthesweetspotgeneratefewerenergy-sappingvibrationsinthebat,allowinggreaterenergytransfertotheball.Conversely,mishitballsmakethebatvibratestronglyandsodonottravelasfar.

Adairisquicktopointoutthatthisonlyappliestowoodenbats,whichareusedinmajorleaguebaseball.Aluminumbats,ontheotherhand,tendtoproduceafairlyuniform“ping”soundregardlessofwhereyouhitthem.

1.AccordingtoRobertAdair,whycan’tanoutfielderrelypurelyonvisualinformation?

2.Fromparagraph3wecaninferthata“crack”maymean().

3.Ifthebatvibratesverylittle,().

4.Adairpointsoutthathistheorycan’tbeappliedtoaluminumbatsbecause().

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitmaytakelongertimeforhimtoexertjudgment.

B.Becausetheballmaychangedirectionsduringflight.

C.Becausetheballmaybehiteitherlongorshort.

D.Becauselighttravelsfasterthansound.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.alongball

B.ashortball

C.agoodball

D.amishitball

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefielderisunabletocatchthesound

B.theballwilltraveltoashortdistance

C.theballmayreceivegreaterenergy

D.thefieldershouldquicklyrunin

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.the"ping”soundistoovagueforafieldertocatch

B.withthealuminumbatsthebatteralwayshitstheballstronger

C.theydon’tproducedifferentsoundsof“crack”and“clunk”

D.thesoundstheyproducemayinterferewiththefieldersjudgment

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hittingtheballtoproducedifferentsoundsisnotaneasymatter.

B.Thesoundofthebatmaygivefieldersmorechancestocatchtheball.

C.Aluminumbatsareinferiortothewoodenones.

D.ThestudyofRobertAdairshockstheAcousticalSocietyofAmerica.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“Ifhereliedpurelyupon...theballlongorshort.”如果完全依靠視覺(jué)信息，守場(chǎng)員要等大約1.5秒才能準(zhǔn)確地判斷投手的擊球是長(zhǎng)是短。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)下文可知，“crack”and“clunk”是用來(lái)判斷擊球的好壞，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B。當(dāng)聽(tīng)到“crack”就跑出去，聽(tīng)到“clunk”就跑進(jìn)來(lái)，由此推斷，“crack”指沒(méi)打好的球，“clunk”指好球。

3.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“Ballshitonthesweetspotgeneratefewerenergy-sappingvibrationsinthebat,allowinggreaterenergytransfertotheball.”擊中球的最佳位置時(shí)，球棒產(chǎn)生的耗能振動(dòng)更少，從而使球獲得更大的能量傳遞。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Aluminumbats,ontheotherhand,tendtoproduceafairlyuniform'ping'soundregardlessofwhereyouhitthem.”鋁棒無(wú)論你在哪里擊打，都會(huì)發(fā)出相當(dāng)均勻的“砰”的一聲。也就是說(shuō)不會(huì)像木棒擊打的那樣發(fā)出不同的聲音，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.本文主要是講根據(jù)球棒擊球時(shí)發(fā)出聲音的不同來(lái)判斷擊球的好壞，從而使得外野手有更多的機(jī)會(huì)去接球。選項(xiàng)B更能概括全文主題。

14.單選題

InMarch1974oneofthemostastonishingarchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthetwentiethcenturywasunearthedinthecountyofLintong,ShaanxiProvince.Anentirearmyoflife-sizedwarriorsandhorses,buriedformorethan2,200years,begantobeuncovered.Thesereplicashadbeenplacedintrenchesaroundthestill-unexcavatedtombofQinshihuang,theFirstEmperoroftheQinDynasty(221-207B.C.).Eachofthemanyhundredsoflife-sizedwarriorswasconstructedofbakedclayandpaintedwithavarietyofcolors.Mostwereobviouslyintendedasindividualportraits.

Theheadshapesofthesefiguresandtheexpressionsontheirfaceswere,moreorless,individualized,andsoeachmancouldbeidentifiedastohisplaceofregionalorigin.Thesquare-faced,broad-foreheaded,prominent-cheekbone,heavy-featured,big-mouthedandwide-cheekedonesweremodeledafternativesofcentralShaanxi.Theshorter,round-faced,sharp-chinned,andthin-lippedsoldiersweremodeledafterpersonsfromtheprovinceofSichuan.OtherswereclearlyfromGansu,andthereweresomewhoappearedtobemembersofvariousminoritiesinnorthwesternChina.Eachhaditsownhairdo:theoneswithlonghairhadthisknottedattherightsideoftheheadbecausetheQinpeopleesteemedtheright.

TothesurpriseofbothChineseandWesternarchaeologists,afewoftheclaysoldiersshowednon-Chinesecharacteristics,possiblybeingpersonsfromasfarawayasArabiaorPersia.ThiswasparticularlysurprisingbecauseithadlongbeenassumedthattherewerenopersonsfromoutsideChinalivingthereinsuchancienttimes.

Yetacenturylaterthehistoricalrecorddoesindicatelimitedcontactwithforeigners.ThereisonereportintheannalsoftheEasternHanDynasty(A.D.25-220)ofaRomanjugglerwhoarrivedinChinabywayofBurmainA.D.109,andanotherofthearrivalofanenvoyfromMacedoniaataboutthesametime.AndtheRomanhistorianLuciusAnnaeusFlorusmentionsthecomingofaChineseenvoytoRomeasearlyasthereignofAugustus(27B.C.-A.D.14).

ButextensivecontactsbetweenChinaandtheWestdidn'treallybeginuntilthenorthernSilkRoadwasgraduallydevelopedafter138B.C.Thisoverlandroutestartedatpresent-dayXi'anandpassedthroughthe

WesternCorridorbeyondtheYellowRiver,Xinjiang,Farghana(nowUzbekistan),Persia(Iran)andTajik(Iraq)whereitmetwesternboundaryoftheRomanEmpire.

FormorethanathousandyearsthisnorthernSilkRoadprovidedarouteforcaravansthatbroughttoChinadates,saffronpowderandpistachionutsfromPersia;glassbottlesfromEgypt,andmanyotherexpensiveanddesirablegoodsfromotherpartsoftheworld.Andthecaravanswenthomewiththeircamelsandhorsesloadeddownbyboltsofsilkbrocadeandboxesfilledwithlacquerwareandporcelains.

AnotherSilkRoad,documentedinthegeographysectionoftheHistoryofHanDynastywasasearoutethatbeganattheportsofXuwenandHepuontheReizhouPeninsulainSouthChina(nearwhichthecityofBeihaiisnowlocated),passedthroughtheMalaccaStraitandendedinBurmaortheHuangchiKingdomofsouthernIndia.

MoreChineseporcelainsandsilksreachedEuropebythisroutethanbytheoverlandonebecauseofpiratesandstormsatsea.SubsidiarybranchesofthisSilkRoadoftheSeareachedsuchplacesasKorea,Japan,andthePhilippinestoallowfortheexchangeofvariousgoodsnotreadilyavailableoverthelandroute.Forexample,asearlyasthethirdcenturyA.D.,thePhilippineswereshippinggoldtoChinabythisroute.

1.Eachexcavatedwarriori（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

3.Archaeologistsweresurprisedbytheexoticcharacteristicsoftheclaysolderbecause（）.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Inthepassage"SilkRoad"refersto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasgivenauniquefacialexpressionandhairstyle

B.wasmadeofstoneorclay

C.waspaintedwithonecolor

D.wasmodeledafternativesofcentralShaanxi

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theclaywarriorswereasbigasrealpeople.

B.Solders'longhairwasknottedattherightsideforconvenience.

C.Asolder'sappearancecouldtellwherehewasfrom.

D.Thesoldersrepresentedpeopleofdifferentnationalities.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.nocontactwithforeignersatthattimewasknowntothem

B.noonehadeverseenforeigners

C.noforeignerscametoChinabefore138B.C.

D.norecordofforeignvisitswasavailable

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.moremerchantswerekilledonthesearoute

B.certaingoodsweretooprecioustobetransportedbyland

C.tradebetweenChinaandsoutheastAsiabroughtmoremoneytothegovernment

D.thesearoutewasadvantageousoverthelandroute

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.alandroutebywhichsilkbrocadewastransportedtotheWest

B.anyroutewhichconnectedChinawithothercountries

C.flowofgoodsfromChinatoothercountries

D.caravansthatdidbusinesswithChinaandothercountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Eachofthemanyhundredsoflife-sizedwarriorswasconstructedofbakedclayandpaintedwithavarietyofcolors.”可知選項(xiàng)B和C錯(cuò)誤，根據(jù)第三段可知，兵馬俑部分人物是模仿陜西中部的當(dāng)?shù)厝?，還有部分是模仿四川、甘肅、少數(shù)民族的人等，所以選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)A每一個(gè)士兵都有自己獨(dú)特的面部表情和發(fā)型，正確。

2.根據(jù)一二段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A、C、D均正確，只有選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Eachhaditsownhairdo:theoneswithlonghairhadthisknottedattherightsideoftheheadbecausetheQinpeopleesteemedtheright.”可知，長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的士兵在右邊扎個(gè)結(jié)不是為了方便，而是因?yàn)榍貒?guó)人都很尊重這個(gè)發(fā)型。

3.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“ThiswasparticularlysurprisingbecauseithadlongbeenassumedthattherewerenopersonsfromoutsideChinalivingthereinsuchancienttimes.”因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)期以來(lái)人們一直認(rèn)為，在如此古老的時(shí)代，沒(méi)有來(lái)自中國(guó)以外的人住在那里。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.最后一段主要講海上絲綢之路相對(duì)于陸上絲綢之路來(lái)說(shuō)要更好一些，它可以交換在陸路上不易獲得的各種貨物，比如黃金。選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.文中的絲綢之路是指任何連接中國(guó)和其他國(guó)家的線路，選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A絲綢織錦運(yùn)往西部的陸路，除了絲綢織棉還有瓷器等其他東西，除了陸路還有海路，所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C商品從中國(guó)流向其他國(guó)家，還有其他國(guó)家運(yùn)來(lái)中國(guó)的，所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D是與中國(guó)和其他國(guó)家做生意的商隊(duì)，也不正確。

15.單選題

Beforethe()ofhospitals,thefamilyorcommunalsauna(桑拿)wasfavoredbyFinishedwomenforgivingbirth.Today,saunasarefoundinhealthclubsandgymnasiumsaroundtheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advent

B.adventure

C.advert

D.advance

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在醫(yī)院出現(xiàn)之前，產(chǎn)房婦女青睞于家庭或公共桑拿。今天，桑拿在世界各地的健身俱樂(lè)部和健身房隨處可見(jiàn)。advent到來(lái)，出現(xiàn)；adventure冒險(xiǎn)；advert談到；advance發(fā)展，前進(jìn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.單選題

Womenwantthesamepayiftheyholdthesamejobsasme