2022屆高三英語二輪復習：語法填空 句子成分練習（無答案）

1、句子成分Name:Date:高考中的語法填空考察的是考生英語只是基本能力。從劃分句子上可輕松地找到 語法填空的解題突破口。正確劃分句子成分和判斷句子結構是學好英語的必備基礎，這不僅對語法填空題 型的解答有直接影響，而且對寫好作文、理解完形填空和閱讀理解中的長難句有重要 意義。句子由各個部分構成，這些組成部分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分為主語、謂語、 賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語和同位語等?！局髡Z】在句子中，主語是謂語所表示 o主語一般位于,且不能省略。但在某些特定句式里，如疑問句、倒裝句、祈使句、感嘆句等，句子主語也可 以“下臺”位于謂語動詞之后或省略。能夠充當主語的詞和短語主要 有、和 等。當

2、主語為從句等時，為避免頭重腳輕，可用 作形式主語。The most obvious example is probably Christmas, which is celebrated around the world.作主語Mastering a foreign language will be of great help in our life.作主語Whether she will be able to come remains a question.作主語典例(2021 全國乙卷)(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking

3、and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.【謂語】謂語用來描述主語的,常位土 0謂語動詞可由和、以及 充當，有、和 的變化，有、和 的變化，同時，又受到主語 和 的制約。判斷的依據是看 和 之間的關系，如果兩者之間是 就用主動語態(tài)，如果是被動關系就用 OWhen he got up at 7:00 am, a big plan occurred to him.作謂語The watch is necessary in our daily life, but its function is too

4、simple.作謂語We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.作謂語典例(全國 II 卷)Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. 【賓語】賓語表示,一般位于,受到 的限制和制 約，賓語一殳由、或 充當，根據需要也可用 作形式賓語。賓語在 結構中才會“翻身農奴把歌唱工I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.作賓語Suddenly he thought of seeing th

5、e beautiful views of the city again before setting out.作賓語Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another.作 賓語典例(全國 H 卷)After(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of histo

6、ry!【表語】表語與前面的系動詞一起構成（系表結構）。用來說明主語和這個“主表語與前面的系動詞一起構成（系表結構）。用來說明主語和這個“主子”的、等?？梢杂米鞅碚Z的有：、 、 、 、 、 、 、等。Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it.作表語Several minutes passed but the whole class in complete silence.作表語The important thing is to I cam and control your temper so that

7、 you may not do or say anything youH regret.作表語典例(全國 I 卷)Running is cheap, easy and ifs always (energy).【定語】定語是用來描述名詞的 與 的修飾語，它常和名詞構成名詞短語。定語服務于它所修飾或限定的名詞或代詞。單個詞做定語往往放在被修飾詞之后。可以用做 定語的有：、和 等。We may have variousways to deal with such a situation.作定語All the books offered by the students are reported to

8、have been sent to the children inthe countryside the other day.作定語How Li Hua regretted the valuable time that he had wasted on the computer games.作定語典例(2021 全國乙卷)Provide(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.【狀語】修飾、或,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分做狀語。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時間、地點、目的、方式、原因、條件、讓步、程度等意義。狀語可由、等 充當。狀語在句子中的

9、位置很靈活，所以說它“行蹤飄忽不定二 常見情況為：通常在句 子基本結構后，強調時放在;修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常位于被修飾詞; 表示、的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強調時放句首，地點狀語一般 放在時間狀語； 一些表示頻度的副詞（如often, almost等）作狀語時通常位于 之后，實義動詞之前。高考一般考察副詞修飾動詞和句子的用法。After a weeks trip, he returned home, tired but very happy. 作狀語 To compete more effectively with others, more and more people equip them

10、selves with a higher education.作狀語Time permitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.作狀語典例 （ 全國 II 卷）Another reason fbr corns rise: The government encourages fanners to grow corn instead of rice （improve） water quality.【補語】補語是用來說明 或 的

11、性質、狀態(tài)等的一種句子成分。補語可分為補充說明主語意義的主語補足語和補充說明賓語意義的賓語補足語，所以說它“寄人籬下”, 成不了 “主人工 可以用做補足語的有：、和 等。Well try our best to make our country more and more beautifiil. 作賓補 The boy has been made what he is.（這個男孩已經成為了他那樣的人）作主補To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.

12、作賓補They caught the boy stealing.作賓補典例（全國 III 卷）Once his message was delivered, he allowed me （stay） and watch.【同位語】對句子中的 或 作進一步解釋、說明，與前面的成分在語法上處于同等地位的句子成分叫作同位語。英語句子表達中一般情況下是沒有同位語的；如果 要對前面的名詞的具體內容做進一步的說明，這時候就需要同位語?？梢杂米魍徽Z 的有： 、和 等 OThey three want to travel around the world together on foot. 作同位語We are going to the local nursing home for the coming Double Ninth Festival, aholiday for us to show our respect for the