名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格

1、第6課時(shí) 名詞一、名詞后綴二、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)三、名詞所有格名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格名詞名詞在句中多用來(lái)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。在英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試中，要求考生根據(jù)題意把括號(hào)里所給的詞變成名詞。1. 所填詞的特征前有物主代詞如my, his, her, their, our, your, its 等前有冠詞如a, an, the前有形容詞如large, clever, foolish等前有冠詞+形容詞如 that ancient, the clever 等前有不定代詞many, much, a few, a little, several 等2. 所填詞多為抽象名詞或表示人的名詞。如deci

2、sion, illness, protection 等名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格(一)常見(jiàn)名詞后綴 表示人的名詞后綴：1）-al crime-criminal, 2) an Canada Canadian, Australia-Australian, history historian, music musician 3) ant account accountant, assist assistant4) ar/ er/ or beg-beggar, lie liar, operate operator, survive survivor, law lawyer village vil

3、lager, 5) ee employ employee, interview interviewee, 6) ist science scientist, tour tourist, journal journalist, physics physicist 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格 抽象名詞后綴：1）- ance/ ence exist existence, depend dependence, confident confidence, different difference, important importance, distant distance intelligent

4、 intelligence, appear appearance 2) th deep depth, true truth, warm warmth, wide width, dead death, long length, strong strength, grow growth, high height 3) ment move movement, developdevelopment, arrange arrangement, equip equipment, judge judgment 常見(jiàn)名詞后綴 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格 抽象名詞后綴：4) tion/ ation/ io

5、n discuss discussion, pollute pollution, decide decision, conclude-conclusion, educate-education, operate-operation, invent invention, protect protection, predict prediction, organize organization, inform-information, consider consideration imagine-imagination, invite invitation, 5) ing find finding

6、s, build building, paint painting 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格 抽象名詞后綴：6) ness ill illness, carefulcarefulness, careless carelessness, kind kindness, weak weakness, helpless helplessness,7) age short shortage, marry marriage, advance advantage 8) ty certain certainty, various variety, honest honesty 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名

7、詞所有格 抽象名詞后綴：9) al survive-survival, arrive-arrival, propose-proposal, approve approval, refuse refusal, withdraw withdrawal10) ity able ability , capable-capability responsible responsibility, real reality possible possibility, necessary necessity, visible visibility nation nationality 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞

8、所有格名詞加詞綴變換為其他詞性的情況 后綴變換后的詞性舉例-ful形容詞（充滿）skill-skillful, success-successful-less形容詞（無(wú)）care-careless, hope-hopeless-al-ic-ical形容詞（的）tradition-traditionalindustry-industrialhistory- historical (歷史的) -historic(有歷史意義的)-ly形容詞（品質(zhì)的） friend-friendly, year-yearly名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格-y形容詞（充滿，性質(zhì)）storm-stormy, ease-

9、easy, sun-sunny-ous形容詞（多）danger-dangerous -en形容詞（的）wood-wooden, gold-golden-ist名詞（主義者，人）tour-tourist, journal-journalist-ian名詞（人）music-musician, history-historian-en動(dòng)詞（使更加）strength strengthen名詞加詞綴變換為其他詞性的情況 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格(二)、可數(shù)名詞1. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化(1)、一般情況在詞尾加-s，例如：bookbooks，girlgirls，boyboys，penpens,doct

10、ordoctors, boyboys(2)、以s，x，ch，sh，結(jié)尾的詞加-es，例如：busbuses，classclasses，boxboxes，watchwatches，brushbrushes。 (3)、以ce, se, ze,（d）ge結(jié)尾的名詞加s，例如：orangeoranges。名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格(4)、以輔音母加y結(jié)尾的詞變“y”為“i”再加-es,例如：citycities, factoryfactories, countrycountries, familyfamilies。但要注意的是以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加s，如：boyboys, day

11、days。(5)、以o結(jié)尾的詞多數(shù)都加-es。例如:heroheroes，potatopotatoes，tomatotomatoes, negro negroes但詞末為兩個(gè)元音字母的詞只加-s。例如：zoozoos，radioradios，還有某些外來(lái)詞也只加-s，例如：photophotos，pianopianos。(6)、以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變f為v再加-es，例如：knifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves。名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格2. 常見(jiàn)不規(guī)則變化的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式1. Man 2. woman3. foot 4.tooth 5.child 6

12、.fish-fish/fishes7. sheep 8.ox9. deer10.mouse名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格2. 常見(jiàn)不規(guī)則變化的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式1. man-men2. woman-women3. foot-feet4. tooth-teeth 5. child-children 6. fish-fish/fishes7. sheep-sheep8. ox-oxen（公牛）9. deer-deer10. mouse-mice名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格3. 表示國(guó)籍名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)律單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)1. a Chinese 中國(guó)人2. a Japanese 日本人3. a Ger

13、man 德國(guó)人4. an American 美國(guó)人5. an Egyptian 埃及人6. an Arab 阿拉伯人7. a Russian 俄國(guó)人8. an Italian 意大利人9. a Frenchman 法國(guó)人10. an Englishman 英國(guó)人名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格3. 表示國(guó)籍名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)律單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)1. a Chinese Chinese 中國(guó)人2. a Japanese Japanese 日本人3. a German Germans 德國(guó)人4. an American Americans 美國(guó)人5. an Egyptian Egyptians 埃及人6.

14、an Arab Arabs 阿拉伯人7. a Russian Russians 俄國(guó)人8. an Italian Italians 意大利人9. a Frenchman Frenchmen 法國(guó)人10. an Englishman Englishmen 英國(guó)人名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格4. 英語(yǔ)單詞以結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的口訣 以-f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞，在中學(xué)課本里，出現(xiàn)了不少。其名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式：有的直接在f(e)后加s；有的要改f(e)為ve再加-s；個(gè)別單詞上述兩種形式均可(如handkerchiefhandkerchiefs或handkerchieves)。名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格

15、改f(e) 為 ve 再加-s；妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)小偷(thief)嚇得發(fā)了慌躲在架后(shelf)保己(-self)命 (life) 半片(half)樹(shù)葉(leaf)遮目光。 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格5. 可數(shù)名詞可以用兩種方式表示具體數(shù)量1、直接在其前加數(shù)詞；2、在其前加of短語(yǔ)（of+可以用作計(jì)量的名詞）。如：one egg, two eggs; one basket of eggs, two baskets of eggs名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格6. 只能用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞的表示數(shù)量的一些詞或短語(yǔ) few很少的（表示否定），a few一些

16、（表示肯定），many（許多），how many（多少），a number of(許多的), several幾個(gè)名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格（三）、不可數(shù)名詞1. 不可以直接以數(shù)字計(jì)算的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞要表示具體數(shù)量，必須借助of短語(yǔ)。如不能說(shuō)one bread，但是可以說(shuō)one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 2. 只能用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的表示數(shù)量的一些詞或短語(yǔ)：名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格2. 只能用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的表示數(shù)量的一些詞或短語(yǔ)：little很少的（表示否定）； a little一些（表示肯定），much（許多），how much

17、（多少）， a bit of（一些）3. 既能用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞又能用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的表示數(shù)量的一些詞或短語(yǔ)：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑問(wèn)句）a lot of (許多), lots of(許多名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格（三）、名詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)如何確定它的數(shù)1.一般情況下名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，當(dāng)它所修飾的名詞由單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，它本身不需要變化，如：two orange trees桔子樹(shù)，two bus drivers 公共汽車(chē)司機(jī)，但也有一些例外，如：two men teachers 男教師、a sports meet 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，a clothes shop 服裝店，a

18、goods train 貨運(yùn)列車(chē)2.“數(shù)詞+名詞”做定語(yǔ)，名詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如：the Sixth Five-Year Plan 第六個(gè)五年計(jì)劃 a five-year-old boy 一個(gè)五歲的男孩名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格（四）名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如何確定數(shù)1、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞當(dāng)單數(shù)看待，如：That boy is tall. The water in this lake is clean. 2、集體名詞看成整體時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；把集體名詞看成其成員或組成部分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。My family is a big one.我的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。My family are all

19、watching TV. 我的全家人都在看電視。3、下列名詞以-s結(jié)尾，看似復(fù)數(shù)形式，但實(shí)際是單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們牢記：news消息，politics政治，physics物理，maths數(shù)學(xué) Physics is very hard to learn well for me. 物理對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)非常難學(xué)好。名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格4、像褲子、剪刀、眼鏡這樣的詞總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。Your glasses are on the desk. 你的眼鏡在課桌上。His trousers are blue. 他的褲子是藍(lán)色的。5、用and連接的名詞通常是指不同的人或

20、物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；但有時(shí)用and連接的名詞表示同一個(gè)人或物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。如：His brother and sister are both workers. 他的哥哥和姐姐都是工人。A. The composer and singer is very famous. B. The composer and the singer are very famous. 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格6、“there be”句型中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要由離它最近的名詞決定。There is a pen and two books on the desk.There are two books an

21、d a pen on the desk.7、用eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also等連接的名詞（或代詞）充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)也是由離它最近的名詞（或代詞）決定。Neither Tom nor his classmates are from England.Neither Toms classmates nor Kate is from England.名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格8、復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書(shū)名時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The Arabian Nights is one of my favourite books. 天方夜譚是我喜歡的書(shū)之一。表示金錢(qián)數(shù)

22、額、時(shí)間、距離的名詞短語(yǔ)，一般看成單數(shù)。Ten miles is a long walk to me. 步行10英里可是一段很長(zhǎng)的路程。Ten dollars is all I have left. 我只剩下10美元。9、名詞后跟with短語(yǔ)或者as well as短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，起決定作用的是該名詞。The teacher as well as his students is having an English class.The teacher with his students is having an English class.10、the+表示姓氏的名詞的復(fù)數(shù),表示這個(gè)姓氏的一家人，

23、當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待。The Smiths are watching TV. 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格1. Please pass me _. A. two glass of water B. two glasses of C. two glasses of water D. two glass water 2. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C.information D. stories3. There are a lot of _ down there but hardly any _.A. sheeps

24、, people B.sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peoples4. This table is made of _. A.many glass B.glasses C.some glasses D.glass5. Id like some water, but he wants _.A. two bottle orange B. two bottles of orange C. two bottles of oranges D. two bottles of oranges名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格1. Please pass

25、me _. A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waters C. two glasses of water D. two glass water 2. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C.information D. stories3. There are a lot of _ down there but hardly any _.A. sheeps, people B.sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peopl

26、es4. This table is made of _. A.many glass B.glasses C.some glasses D.glass5. Id like some water, but he wants _.A. two bottle orange B. two bottles of orange C. two bottles of oranges D. two bottles of orangesCCBDB 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格6. How great Dalian Radio and TV center looks!Yes. Thats one of the

27、greatest _ in Dalian.A. building B. build C. buildings D. builds7. How many _ has the old farmer got?A. field B. sheep C. mutton D. cow8. The little baby has two _ already.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths9. This is an old photo of mine when I _.A.have short hairs B.had short hairs C.have short hair

28、 D.had short hair10. The _ are going to fly to Beijing.A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.Germans名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格6. How great Dalian Radio and TV center looks!Yes. Thats one of the greatest _ in Dalian.A. building B. build C. buildings D. builds7. How many _ has the old farmer got?A. field B. sheep C.

29、mutton D. cow8. The little baby has two _ already.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths9. This is an old photo of mine when I _.A.have short hairs B.had short hairs C.have short hair D.had short hair10. The _ are going to fly to Beijing.A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.GermansCBCDD 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格三、名詞所有

30、格（一）、名詞的所有格：名詞的所有格是表示名詞所有關(guān)系的一種形式，英語(yǔ)中有三種方法表示所有關(guān)系：1、在名詞后加s（或，當(dāng)該名詞以-s結(jié)尾時(shí)），如：Toms friends, Jims watch2、用of短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成所有格，如：the size of the shirt襯衫的尺寸（有人把這也算所有格：the key to the door門(mén)的鑰匙, the keys/answers to the exercises練習(xí)的答案）3、上述兩種所有格形式的混合，也叫雙重所有格，如：a friend of Toms, these pictures of his fathers名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有

31、格（二）、常見(jiàn)所有格形式的具體用法：1、表示有生命意義的名詞通常在其后加s（如名詞以字母s結(jié)尾，直接加）；表示無(wú)生命的名詞用of短語(yǔ)表示所有關(guān)系。（有生命） a teachers college 師范學(xué)院（無(wú)生命）the colour of the desk桌子的顏色 2、在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、指示代詞、不定代詞時(shí)，用雙重所有格表示所有關(guān)系，以表示部分概念或帶有感情色彩。This friend of Jims is from America. Some works of Lao Shes are written in English.3、如名詞的定語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，只能用of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示其所有

32、格。 如：Do you know the name of the boy in Class Two? 名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.March 8th is _Day. (woman).2.Taking twenty _(分鐘) exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells _(婦女) handbags. 4.Teachers in western countries have a _(三個(gè)月的) holiday in a year.5.Ill give my English teacher a card for _Day. (teacher)名詞名詞后綴名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.March 8th is Womens Day. (woman).2.Taking twenty minutes exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells women handbags. 4.Teachers in western countries have a 3-month holiday in a year.5.Ill giv