主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)使用

1、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)補(bǔ)充材料一.概念：主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承 受者。.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞。.被動語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)：以為work例.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am / is/are+ worked.一般過去時(shí)：was / were+ worked.一般將來時(shí)：shall / will +be+ worked.過去將來時(shí)：should / would+ worked.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am /is/are+ being+ worked. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： was /were+ being+ worked. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： was/were +being +worked

2、.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has+ been+ worked.過去完成時(shí)：had +been+ worked.將來完成時(shí)：shall/ will +have been +worked.過去將來完成時(shí)：should/would +have been+ worked.情態(tài)動詞(can/may/must/should etc.)+be+動詞的過去分詞.用法：當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)或者 只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動語態(tài)。.方法：Many people speak English.(主動語態(tài))-可編輯修改-English is spoken by many pe

3、ople.(被動語態(tài)).注意以下問題：A.帶有雙賓語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，可以把其中一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的 主語，若將直接賓語(sth.)變?yōu)橹髡Z，須根據(jù)習(xí)慣在原間接賓語前加上介詞 to 或 for .用 to 的常見詞有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc.用 for 的常見詞有 make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc.eg.Mary gave him some books.He was given some b

4、ooks by Mary.Some books were given to him by Mary.Her father bought her a new bike.She was bought a new bike by her father.A new bike was bought for her by her father.B.帶復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語)的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，只能將賓語變 為被動語態(tài)的主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語不可變?yōu)橹髡Z。eg. 1. We call him Gina.He is called Gina (by us).They made me happy.I was ma

5、de happy( by them).-可編輯修改-He asked me to come here.I was asked to come here (by him)C.在see, let, make, hear, watch etc.動詞之后，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式 不帶to，但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，則一定要加上to。eg.We saw them play football just now.They were seen to play football just now.We often hear her sing in English.She is often heard to sing

6、 in English.D.在某些“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”(相當(dāng)于及物物動詞)的句子中，變被動語 態(tài)時(shí)，注意不要丟掉介詞/副詞。eg.People often talk about that film.That film is often talked about.We should speak to the old people politely.The old people should be spoken to politely.E.當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中 的主語，其余不動。例如:Someone caught the boy smoking

7、 a cigarette.可改為 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.F. need表示需要時(shí)，后面常接doing形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于 to be done . All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need-可編輯修改-被動語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題()1.a new library in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build()2. An accident on

8、this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened()3.Cotton (棉花)in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow()4. So far, the moon by man already.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visited D. was visited()5. A talk on Chinese history in t

9、he school hall next week.A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives()6.How many trees this year?A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted()7.A lot of things by people to save the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being doneC. has been done D. will be done()8. -When

10、this kind of computers? -Last year.A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used()9. The Great Wall all over the world.A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known()10.Who this book?A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written()11.A story by Granny yesterday.A. was told us B.

11、was told to us C. is told us D. told us()12.The monkey was seen off the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump()13.The school bag behind the chair.A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put()14.Older people well.A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after-可編輯

12、修改-()15.Our teacher carefully.A. should be listened to B. should be listenC. be listenedD. is listened二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。(請注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面)二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。(1x20=20分)(請注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. werecut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.

13、are made , are m ade 10. betaken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. hasbeen 16. smells 17 is dancing1. Its said(據(jù)說)that the long bridge( build)in two months .Which language the most widely( speak ) in the world ?The lost boy( not find ) so far .Last year a large number of

14、trees( cut) down .The students often(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.The old man is ill. He(must sen) to the hospital.Vegetables, eggs and fruits(sell) in this shop.What knives (make) of ?They(make) of metal(金屬)and wood.Can the magazine(take) out of the library?The room(clean) by me eve

15、ry day.The stars can,t(see) in the daytime.Some flowers(water) by Li Ming already.This kind of shoes(sell) well.How long your uncle(be) in the city?The food(smell) delicious.Look! Someone(dance).三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。Is tea grown in South China ?(改為主動語態(tài)) people tea in South China ?I am given a birthday p

16、resent by my parents every year .(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) A birthday present by my parents every year .-可編輯修改-The work is going to be finished in two days.（對劃線提問） How the work going to be finished ?The children will sing an English song.（改為被動語態(tài)） An English song by the children.You neednt do it now.（改為被動語態(tài)）It by you

17、now.People use metal for making machines.（改為被動語態(tài)） Metal making machines.He made me do that for him.（改為被動語態(tài)）I that for him.They are watching the football match.The football match by them.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?（改為被動語態(tài)） a bridge here by them a year ago?They have sold out the light gre

18、en dresses.（改為被動語態(tài)The light green dresses out.We call the game “Lianliankan”.（改為被動語態(tài)）The game“Lianliankan” by us.一、選擇題（2x15=30分）B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。（1 x20=20分）（請注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢）1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. werecut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.ar