人教版高中英語必修1知識點匯總（一冊全）

1、人教版高中英語必修一知識點匯總Unit 1 Friendship一、重點單詞及短語l.be good to 對待.好be good for對有好處be good at擅長make good有成就；成功as good as實際上；幾乎等于a good deal許多，大量 徹底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink喝個痛快2.add up特別注意有關(guān)的幾個詞組：add.to. 給添加，把.加到.上add to增添，增加add up把加起來add up to合計達(dá)*If you add 5 to 5, you get 10.*She added sugar to the tea.

2、*If you add some pictures to your report, that will be better.*The bad weather added to our difficulties.*Every time I add these figures up, I get a different answer.*His monthly income added up to no more than $1,000.翻譯：請對我的話做些補充。Please add something to what Ive said.請幫我把這些數(shù)字加起來。Please add up these

3、 figures for me.3.upset(upset,upset)vt.使難過、不安；adj.難過的，不安的Losing the game upset her.*His friends death upset him very much.141 be really upset if you dont come.1 was very upset to see she was hurt.You look upsetwhats happened?4.ignore vt.忽略，沒注意；不理睬*Even the most careful person may ignore it.*Its a qu

4、estion that can be easily ignored.*1 greeted him, but he ignored me.5.calmadj,平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的；風(fēng)平浪靜的vt.使平靜* After the storm, the sea was calm again.*Keep calm in time of danger.Which subject are you fond of?Fm fbnd of geography.Shes fbnd of speaking English.比照：Which subject do you like?I like geography.She l

5、ikes speaking English.8.way of doing sth做某事的方式/方法 也可說 way to do sth.9.insist vt.&vi,堅持要求，一定要A.insist on doingHe insisted on leaving right now.1 insist on knowing the truth.1 insist on you giving us reply.1 insisted upon her staying in London.1 insisted on being told the truth.We insisted on him bein

6、g sent to hospital at once.nsist that從句中用should+原形或只用原形)*We insisted (that) he (should) be sent to hospital at once.*1 insist he go at once.*He insisted the plan be carried out as soon as possible.如果表示“堅持認(rèn)為，堅持說”，那么從句動詞形式不受限制。 lO.determined adj.決心，堅定的*Im determined not to follow his advice.*They are

7、determined to win the game.*She is a determined woman, who always gets what she wants.1 l.an altitude of 5,000 metres類似的說法：China has a population of 1.3 billion.China has an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.The Mekong has a length of more than 4,000 km.He was driving at a speed of 80 km an hour

8、.12.once conj .一旦*Once you make a promise, you should keep it.*Once you show fear, he will attack you.make up ones mind*He made up his mind to learn English well.*They made up their minds to cycle along the Mekong.=They decided to cycle along the Mekong.=They were determined to cycle along the Mekon

9、g.give in(to) vi.(向.)讓步,(向)屈服*In the end I had to give in.*Dont give in to him.give up vt.放棄*He gave up his job to look after his invalid mother.*1 give up smoking ten years ago.through the valley, across.through the door(window, wall, tunnel, forest, city, crowd, valley, street)across the river(squ

10、are, street, desert, lake, bridge, surface, room, hall).bendvt.使彎曲vi灣腰,拐彎n.拐彎處*He bent his head and hurried on.* What will happen if I bend the ruler?*He bent down and picked it up.*The river bends westward.*The river is full of bends.attitude to/toward對.的態(tài)度* Whats Wang Weis attitude to/towards the

11、trip?.change.for.change the house for a larger oneChange your dirty clothes for clean ones二、重點句型l.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.2.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it

12、 ends.3.Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.4.She gave me a determined look - the kind that said that she would not change her mind.5.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.三、語法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來，表示最近按計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作，常見的

13、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來的動詞有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do 等.例：1. Tm coming.我就來2. what are you doing next Sunday ?你下個星期天做什么？3.1 hear that you are travelling along Mekong River.我聽說你將沿湄公河旅行4. Where are you staying at night?你們晚上待在哪里/Unit 4 Earthquakes一、重點單詞及短語.think little/badly of認(rèn)為不好;對不在意*1 thi

14、nk little of that plan.*He thought badly of me before.think much/highly/well of 對評價很高.as if/as though 似乎，好像A.以“it looks/seems as i句子”的形式出現(xiàn)It looks as if its going to rain.It seems as if well have to walk home.B.以“主語+k)ok/seem/taste/smell/feel等系動詞+as if.”的形式出現(xiàn)The milk tastes as if it has already gone

15、 bad.He looked as if he were a stranger here.She felt as if something bad would happen.(2.以$1從句作狀語的形式出現(xiàn)1 love you as if you were my own child.1 remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.2.one-third of the nation; two-thirds of them全國三分之一的地方;他們中三分之二的人三分之一 三分之二 五分之一 五分之三二分之一四分之一英語中分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成，分子用

16、基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；當(dāng)分子超過1三分之一 三分之二 五分之一 五分之三二分之一四分之一one third/a third two thirdsa fifth/one fifth three-fifths特殊分?jǐn)?shù)的表示 one half/a half one fourth/a quarterthree fourths/three quarters 四分之三 (參見教材P.83)3.however然而，不過可位于句首、句中或句末，但要加逗號。*He said that it was so; he was wrong, however. However, the medicine did not

17、have much effect.*The medicine, however, did not have much effect.4.1ast vi .持續(xù)*The hot weather lasted for a whole week.*But their friendship didnt last long.All hope was not lost.希望并沒有全部失去。all+not(無論not在句中什么位置)均表示局部否認(rèn)。*Not all the students are here.=A11 the students are not here.并不是所有的學(xué)生都在這里。*1 did

18、nt understand all that he said.every, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, both+not 都表示局部否認(rèn)。*Both of them are not from America.=Not both of them are from America.*1 can understand what he said, but not every word.*You can not find it everywhere.假設(shè)要表示全部否認(rèn)，那么要用none, neither.*None of them are h

19、ere.所有的人都不在。*None of them is here.沒有一個人在。Neither of them is from America.the dead 死了的人某些形容詞和分詞前面加the,可表示一類the blind 盲人；the old 老人the sick病人 the injured受傷的人the rich 富人 the poor 窮人.to the north of the city 在城市以北在east/south/west/north前可分別用介詞in/on/to,表示不同的位置關(guān)系，in表示在某范圍內(nèi)；on表示在范圍 外但又相鄰；to表示范圍以外且不相鄰。*China

20、 in the east of Asia.Japan is to the east of China.Russia is on the north of China.refer to* refer to a dictionary/the reference book/ ones notes, etc. 查閱， 參照*When I said someone was lazy, I wasnt referring to you.指， 提至！J*Dont refer to the matter again.9.frightened/frightening某些及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都可以作定語和

21、表語，但意義不同，現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)表示“令人.二而過 去分詞(-ed)那么表示“感到frightened boy 一個嚇壞了的男孩a frightening sound令人害怕的聲音excited students激動的學(xué)生exciting news令人激動的消息surprised guests感到意外的客人a surprising result令人意外的結(jié)果*The nation was shocked at the news.The news was shocking.lO.congratulation n.祝賀congratulate vt.祝賀congratulate sb. on

22、 sth./doing sth名詞也樣：congratulation on.但名詞常用復(fù)數(shù)*We offered our congratulations to him on winning the prize.*一I won the first prize.一Congratulations!11 .have you speak to the park visitorshave在此作使役動詞“使，讓”解釋，其后面的賓語和賓補是主動關(guān)系時，賓補用不帶t。的原形，即“havesb.do sth.”此時相當(dāng)于 umake/let sb. do sth”.*141 have/make my brothe

23、r do the work.*Dont forget to have him come.但 get sb. to do sth.二、重點句型The number of the people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. P26It seemed as if the world was at an end. P26Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. P26It was a city whose hospitals, 7

24、5% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. P26Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. P26The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. P26三、語法定語從句概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。成分：先

25、行詞，即被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞；關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who（賓格為whom,所有格為whose）； 或者關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，起著連接主 從句的作用。.關(guān)系代詞that的用法關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主語，也能做賓語例：1） A plane is a machine that can fly.（指物，作主語） The noodles （that） 1 cooked were delicious.（指物，作賓語） Who is the man that is reading a bo

26、ok over there?（指人,作主語） The girl （that） we saw yesterday was Jims sister,（指人，作賓語）.關(guān)系代詞which的用法關(guān)系代詞which在定語從句中只能指物，但既可以做賓語也能作主語仞i ： 1) They planted some trees which didnt need much water.(作主語)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh.(作賓語).關(guān)系代詞who, whom的用法關(guān)系代詞who,whom只能指人，在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語例：

27、1 ) The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from US A .(作主語)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li.(作賓語)、.關(guān)系代詞whose在的用法關(guān)系代詞whose為關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修飾的 名詞在定語從句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語。例：1) This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.(指人，作主語)The room whose window fac

28、es south is mine.(指物, 作主語)He has written a book whose name Ive forgotten.(指物，作賓語).關(guān)系副詞when的用法關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中作時間狀語例：1) Til never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?.關(guān)系副詞where在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞where在定語從句中做地點狀

29、語例：1) This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasnt very clean.關(guān)系副詞why在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞why在定語從句中作原因狀語例：1). I didnt get a pay rise, but this wasnt the reason why(= for which) I left. The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.

30、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero一、重點單詞及短語.devote vt.devote sth. to (doing) sth.把時間(錢，精力等)獻(xiàn)給某事物。如：They devoted a great deal of money to the improvement of the railway station.他們花了 一大筆錢來改善火 車站的條件。He devoted all his free time to playing the piano.他把所有的業(yè)余的時間都用來彈鋼琴。2). devote oneself to sb (doing sth)

31、獻(xiàn)身于或致力于(做)某事。如：After he graduated, he continued to devote himself to research.畢業(yè)之后他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于幫助窮人。(3)喜歡，熱愛。如：She devoted herself to tennis in her teens.她在少女時代熱衷于網(wǎng)球。. be devoted to sb (doing sth)致力于,獻(xiàn)身于。如：The students are devoted to their studies.學(xué)生們專心于習(xí)。喜歡，

32、疼愛。如：She is devoted to her children.她疼愛她的孩子out of + n.短語out of work 失業(yè)out of control 控制不了 的out of date過時的out of breath上氣不接下氣的out of touch失去聯(lián)系out of balance失去平衡. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, .,9 see vt.目睹，經(jīng)歷，不用于進(jìn)行時，主語通常是表示時間、地點的名詞/代詞。e.

33、g. The old house has seen their happy life.這一所老房子見證了他們的幸福生活。vote作動詞時，意為“投票，選舉”e.g. Whether you vote for or against the plan doesnt seem to mattervery much.More than half of the people present voted in favor of Jack.As we cant agree on this matter, lefs vote on it.vote against投票反對vote for投票贊成vote on投

34、票表決vote n.vote on投票表決表決e.g. I doubt if the matter has been decided by vote.選票，投票e.g. There were 16 votes in favor of my suggestion, and 15 against.attack vt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊e.g. The dog often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. n.攻擊，抨擊e.g. Attack is the best form of defence.equal adj.相等的

35、，平等的，能勝任的be equal to sth.等于,能勝任 be equal in sth.在某方面相等V.等于，和相等，比得上n.相等的人，事物，對手Tm not equal to the position.我不能勝任這個職務(wù)。Not all men are equal in ability.人的能力并不都是一樣的。)Four plus four equals eight,四力口四等于八4) No one equals him in strength.論力氣，無人能和他相比。7 turn to在句中的釋義。Lets turn our attention to the matter at

36、hand. 專于Please turn to page 25.翻到(書的某頁)When it freezes, water turns to ice.(使)變成Jack often turns to me when he is in trouble. 求助于【拓展】turn on 翻開turn off 關(guān)閉turn up調(diào)高(聲音等)，出現(xiàn)turn down調(diào)低(聲音等)，拒絕【語境應(yīng)用】用含turn的短語的正確形式填空。To save energy, please turn off the lights when you leave.If Tom doesnt turn up soon, w

37、e shall have to go without him.I had no one to turn to for advice.Bob turned on his computer and checked his mail.The old man was poor but proud, and turned down every offer of help.the personnel manager told him that his application for the job was turned downYou should turn your thoughts to study.

38、8“only+狀語”類倒裝的歸納“only+副詞”位于句首:Only then did I realize that I was wrong.只是到了那時我才意識到是我錯了“only+介詞短語”位于句首：Only by working hard can you succeed.只有努力工作你才能成功。Only in the reading-room can you find him.你只有在閱覽室才能找到他“only+狀語從句”位于句首：Only after she died was I able to appreciate her.只有到她死后我才認(rèn)識到她的價值。Only when one

39、loses freedom does one know its value. 一個人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可貴。 注意：假設(shè)位于句首的不是。nly+狀語，那么通常無需倒裝(但有時也可以倒裝)：9 stage 名詞 n. CL舞臺Some girls are dancing on the stage.一些女孩在舞臺上跳舞。2 .場所3.(進(jìn)展的)階段;時期例句：1.表地點The stage where the girls are going to dance is in the gym.2 .表時期The stage when he is preparing for his study i

40、s really important.escapevi.逃跑；逃脫(+from)The soldier escaped from the enemys prison.這個士兵從敵人的監(jiān)獄里逃了出來.vt.逃避；逃脫；防止+v-ingWe were lucky to escape being punished.我們很幸運，沒有受罰.沒有被注意到；被忘掉The matter has quite escaped my memory.這事我完全記不得了.Her name escapes me.我記不起她的名字了.n.名詞逃跑；逃脫CUWe must cut off his escape.我們必須切斷他

41、的退路.reward的用法n.報答，報償；報酬U,CIt is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦，報酬卻很少，這不公平。n.酬金；獎賞CBy rights, half the reward should be mine.按理說，有一半獎賞應(yīng)該是我的。V.報答；酬謝；獎勵TIs this how you reward me for my help?你就這樣報答我對你的幫助嗎？詞義辨析 award, reward這兩個動詞均有“難予獎勵”之意。award側(cè)重指官方或經(jīng)正式研究裁決后對有功者或競賽優(yōu)勝

42、者所給予的 獎勵。reward指對品德高尚和勤勞的人所給予的獎勵。也可指為某事付酬金。eg.Eat as a reward for working hard.用美食作為努力工作的獎勵及物動詞Phil was awarded the top prize.菲爾獲得頭獎。The judge awarded him $1000 as damages.法官判給他損害賠償金一千元。二、重點句型.Are you willing to do public service work without pay?Are you active in school activities?Do you easily los

43、e heart when you are in trouble?was worried about whether I would be out of work.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress.Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.It was dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison for

44、 years.*Dont be nervous; calm yourself, please.calm down平靜下來*1 told him to calm down.concern vt.關(guān)系至和.有關(guān)；使關(guān)心*This matter concerns all of us.*Im not concerned with this matter again.be concerned about關(guān)心；為.擔(dān)憂*Please dont be concerned about me.go through經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受；審閱,檢查*Most families went through a lot durin

45、g the war.*1 cant go through these letters in an hour. “make her diary her best firiend”“call my friend Kitty”make和call都能以名詞作賓語補足語，即make+sb./sth.+n.使某人/某物成為call+sb./sth.+n.稱某人/某物為We must try to make our country a strong one.A11 work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.We called messenger msn in short.

46、What do you call it?.every thing to do with naturesomething/anything/everything/nothing to do with與有關(guān)/無關(guān)*What he is doing has nothing to do with his work.far too much 實在太多too much(+n.)太多(.)，超過某人的能力far/much too+adj./adv.實在太.too much homeworkThe work is too much for a boy like him.Its (much/far) too h

47、ot todaymuch/ far too much 實在太多. suffer vi .受苦，受痛苦,受損失vt ,受到，遭受*He suffered terribly when his mother died.*He looked pale, and seemed to have suffered a lot/a great deal.*We suffered a set-back/no pain.suffer from 遭受，患(病)*1 suffered much from lack of rest.suffer from cold/cancer.recover vt.恢復(fù) vi.痊愈*

48、She recovered her health.*Amy is recovering from a severe illness.*He is unlikely to recover.get tired of對開始感到厭煩（表動作）be tired of對感到厭煩（表狀態(tài)）.get along with 和.相處；進(jìn)展*They get along quite well with each other.*How are you getting along with your classmates?*How are you getting along with your English?*Fm

49、 getting along well with my study.exactly adv確切地；正是；說的對*You must tell me exactly what youre doing?*Thats exactly what I want.*It looks exactly like an elephants leg.*Exactly!（=That,s right.）.grateful adj.感激的*Im very grateful to you fbr your advice.=Thank you very much for your advice.17.joinA.參加，加入（

50、成為其中的成員）He joined the army/the Party 3 years ago.*He is too young to join the club.B Join sb.和某人一起（從事某活動）*Will you join us for dinner?*T11 join you later.*May I join you in the game?C.join in 參加某活動（=take part in）* A lot of newcomers joined in the discussion.*May I join in the game?二、重點句型Do you want

51、a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?I wonder if ifs because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds,

52、moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.It/This/That is the first /second.time that+ 現(xiàn)在完成時“某人第一/二次做.”eg. It is the first time that I have been to the airport.It/This/That wa

53、s the first / second.timethat+過去完成時eg. It was the second time that I had seen him.三、語法語法-一直接引語和間接引語概念：直接引語：直接引述別人的原話。一般前后要加引號。間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下可構(gòu)成賓語從句且不要加引號。例： Mr. Black said, Im busy.Mr. Black said that he was busy.變化規(guī)那么(-)陳述句的變化規(guī)那么直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用連詞that (可省略)引導(dǎo)，從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、 時間狀語、地

54、點狀語都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。人稱的變化人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思：1. He said, I like it very much.“ 一 He said that he liked it very much.He said to me JTv left my book in your room.” He told me that he had left his book in my room.時態(tài)的變化直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時過去完成時過去完成時例：“I dont want to set down

55、a series of facts in a diary,“ said Anne.一Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said, Tm using a knife.一 The boy said that he was using a knife.注意：如果直接引語是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變，如:He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light travels much faste

56、r than sound.指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化直接引語間接引語thisthatthesethosenowthenagobefore/earliertodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next/following daythe day after tomorrowIn two days timecomegoheretherethe day before yesterdaytwo days before/earlier（-）祈使句的變化規(guī)那么如果直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹。的不定式，

57、并根據(jù)句子意思在 不定式前加上tell/ask/order等動詞，如果祈使句是否認(rèn)句，在不定式前面還要加上not。例：The hostess said to us, “Please sit down. The hostess asked us to sit down.He said, Dont make so much noise, boys.”一 He told the boys not to make so much noise.（三）疑問句的變化規(guī)那么如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，句末用句號。一般疑問句：如果直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，謂語動

58、詞是say或said時，要改為ask或asked, 原問句變?yōu)橛蒳f/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例：“Do you think a diary can become your friend? the writer says.一 The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.2）特殊疑問句：如果間接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，仍用原來的引導(dǎo)詞，但疑問句要變?yōu)殛愂?句。例：“What do you want?” he asked me.一 He asked me what I wanted.Unit 2 Engl

59、ish around the world一、重點單詞及短語1 .because 和 because ofWe were late because it rained.We were late because of the rain.He no longer works here because he is old.He no longer works here because of his old age.用because of改寫句子:He didnt go to school because he was ill.He didnt come because his leg was brok

60、enWe had to stay at home because the weather was bad.1 realized that she was upset what I had said.actually 實際上表示同類意思的還有：in fact, as a matter of fact, in reality.be based on根據(jù)，以為基礎(chǔ)該詞組來源于base sth. on sth.把建立在基礎(chǔ)上* Alice always bases her opinions on the facts.=Alice,s opinions are always based on the f