驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯

1、 CardriveaxledesignIntroductionThestructureformofthemainreducerisbasedonthetypeofthegearandthewayoftheactivegearandthedrivengear.driveaxleDriveaxleinthetailendofthepowertransmissionsystem,itsbasicfunctionistoincreasethetorquecamebythedriveshaftortransmission,thereasonabledistributionofpowertotheleft

2、andrightdrivingwheels,andalsobearroleofroadandtheframeorbodybetweenverticalandlongitudinalforceandlateralforce.Thedriveaxleiscomposedofamainreducer,adifferential,awheeldrivedeviceandadriveaxlehousing.Reduceristheoriginalmotivationandindependentoftheworkingmachinebetweentheclosedtransmission,usedtore

3、ducespeedandincreasetorquetomeettheneedsofavarietyofworkingmachinery.Accordingtotransmissionformcanbedividedintothreedifferentforthegearreducer,wormreducerandplanetaryreducer;inaccordancewiththetransmissionoftheseriescanbedividedintosingleandmultistagespeedreducer;accordingtotransmissionlayoutsituat

4、ioncanbedividedforexpansion,shunttypeandcoaxialtypereducer.Gearreducertransmissionefficiencyandhighreliability,longservicelife,maintenanceissimple,andthereforethescopeofapplicationisverywide.mainreducerThemainreducergearhasthespiralbevelgeartype,thetypeofthedoublecurvedsurfacegeartype,thetypeofthecy

5、lindricalgearandthewormgearandsoon.Atpresent,themainreducergearoftheautomobiledriveaxleadoptsspiralbevelgear.Whentheloadishigh,theworkisstable,thenoiseissmall,andthecontactloadonthetoothsurfaceislow.Sotheuseofsinglebevelgears.2.1.2mainreducerdrive,drivenbevelgearsupportformThecardrivingaxledesign,so

6、theuseofcantileverinstallation.Theusingofthecantileverinstallation,ensurethatthegearstiffness,activegearshaftneckshouldbeincreased,sothatthedistancebetweenthetwobearingsthanthedistanceofthecantileverhighatleast2.5times.thedifferentialdesignCarintheexerciseofthesecurity,abouttwowheelsatthesametimethe

7、rolloverthejourneyisoftennotequal,aroundtwointhepressureisnotequal,andthetreadwearuneven,twowheelloadisunevenandcausethewheelrollingradiusdoesnotmatch;thewheelstouchthepavementconditionsaboutdifferent,exercisestheresistancerange,ontheonehandwillincreasetirewear,powerandfuelconsumption,ontheotherhand

8、willdiverttoodifficult,throughandhandlingstabilityisbad.Therefore,theleftandrightwheelsofthedriveaxleareprovidedwithawheeldifferentialmechanism.Differentialisadifferentialtransmissionmechanism,usedinthetwooutputshafttorquedistribution,andensuretwooutputshaftmayrotateatdifferentangularvelocities,toen

9、surethedrivingwheelsinvariouskindsofsportsundertheconditionofpowertransmission,toavoidslippingbetweenthetireandtheground.Differentialaccordingtoitsstructuralcharacteristicscanbedividedintogeartype,convexwheel,wormwheeltypeandteethembeddedinavarietyofforms,suchasfreewheel.halfshaftForsemiaxisdiameter

10、notlessthanthediameteroftherod,theendpartoftheprocessingdoneslightlythicker,andappropriatetoreducespendinglessofthekeywaydepth,thetoothnumbermustbeacorrespondingincreasein,usuallytake10teeth(carhalfaxle)to18teeth(truckhalfaxle).Thefailuremodeofthehalfshaftisbasicallytoofatiguefailure.Therodpartofthe

11、axleshaftoftheheavydutytruckisthicker,theouterendflangeisrelativelylarge,andthetwoendsoftheshaftcanbeusedasthehalfshaftstructurewithconnectionwhennolargerforgingequipmentisadopted,andtheprocessissimplifiedbytakingthesameparameters.Inthemodernautomobilehalfshaft,theisusedquitewidely,butalsohasthestru

12、ctureformoftherectangleorthetrapezoidal.Shaftisoneofthemainpartsofthemachine,andallofthetransmissionpartsofrotarymotionmustbeinstalledontheaxistocarryoutthemovementandpowertransmission.Sothemainfunctionoftheshaftistosupporttherotatingpartsandthetransmissionofmotionandpower.Accordingtothedifferentloa

13、dbearing,theshaftcanbedividedintoshaft,mandrelandshaftofthethirdclass,therelayunderbendingmomentandbearingtorquebecomestheshaft.Thistypeofshaftinthemachineinthemostcommon,onlytowithstandthebendingmomentanddoesnotbearthetorqueamandrel,themandrelisdividedintorotationandfixedmandrelmandreltwo.Shaftwhic

14、hisonlysubjectedtotorqueanddoesnotbearthebendingmomentbecomesthedriveshaft.thebridgeshellandthebridgeshellaccessoriesdesignThemainfunctionofthedriveaxlehousingistosupportthequalityofthevehicle,andisaffectedbytheroadsurfacereactionforceandtorquetransmittedbythewheel,andthesuspensionispassedtothebody.

15、Thedriveshaftshellisaforcetransmittingmemberandthecarrier,sotheaxlehousingshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements:withsufficientstrengthandstiffness,toensurethatthereducergearmeshisnormalanddoesnotcauseadditionalbendingstress.underthepremiseofensuringsufficientrigidity,asfaraspossibletoreducethecartoimpr

16、ovetheridecomfort.toensuresufficientgroundclearance.thestructurecraftisgood,thecostislow.Thebridgeshellisacrossbeam,thepivotpointislocatedinthecenterofthetire,theloadfunctioninthesteelplatespringseat,theaveragetruckisusedtoimprovetheoverallcarryingcapacityofthetruck,thedistancebetweenthepivotpointof

17、thetwinshaftiscalculatedaccordingtothedistancebetweenthetwo.Themaximumstressofthedriveaxlehousingoccursnearthesteelplatespring.Theforcethatcausesthebendingmomentofthebridgeshellis:thecarryingcapacityoftheverticalloadG2,thetractionforceFanditsreactiontorqueM.AndcarshiftwhenthetirelateralforceY2extern

18、alforceinthedriveaxlehousing,inordertosimplifythecalculation,justneversideslipBRDFismovinginastraightlinecalculated,andintermsofsafetycoefficientdueconsideration.Thebendingstressofthemalleablecastironbridgeshouldnotexceed300mA2.Thebendingstressshouldnotexceed500m2onthehalfshaftbushingandwheelaxleofm

19、ediumcarbonalloysteel,andtheshearstressshouldnotexceed250N/mmA2.Combinestheactualsituationofthevehicle,consideringtheoverallexpansionformingweldingaxle,sothematerialtoconsiderductility.Wechoose16Mn.6summaryThroughthisdesign,itisnowtodesignaproduct,onlytofeelthattheirknowledgeisfarfromenough.Thereisa

20、saying:itisnevertoolatetolearn.Thatsabitofapoint!Ismyteacher,allmyknowledgetolearn!Throughthisdesign,theabilitytocheckthemanualhasbeengreatlyimproved.Now,throughtheguidanceofteachers,throughtheirownpractice,youcannowgotothelibrarytochecktheinformation,butalsotolookatwhataspectsoftheinformation,theps

21、ychologicalisveryclear,notsomuchasbefore.Inotherareasalsohavealotofharvest,thisgraduationdesignmakesmedevelopameticulousworkmethod.Beforedoinghomeworkalwaysgivealickandapromise,didnthaveabitofpatience,sittinginthestoolisnotanundertheheart,alwayswithafickleattitudetotreattheirownthing,now,Icanverycal

22、m,veryserioushasbeenabletocarryon.Thismaybetodothecoursedesignformetoleavethings,thiswillbeofgreatbenefittomelaterinthecommunity.Allinall,thisdesignhasmademealot!thankyou!轎車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)1引言驅(qū)動(dòng)橋處于動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系尾端，其基本功能是增加由傳動(dòng)軸或變速器傳來的轉(zhuǎn)矩，將動(dòng)力合理分配給左、右驅(qū)動(dòng)輪，且還承受作用路面和車架或車身之間的垂立、縱向力和橫力。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋由主減速器、差速器、車輪傳動(dòng)裝置和驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼構(gòu)成。2驅(qū)動(dòng)橋驅(qū)動(dòng)橋處于動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系尾

23、端，其基本功能是增加由傳動(dòng)軸或變速器傳來的轉(zhuǎn)矩，將動(dòng)力合理分配給左、右驅(qū)動(dòng)輪，且還承受作用路面和車架或車身之間的垂立、縱向力和橫力。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋由主減速器、差速器、車輪傳動(dòng)裝置和驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼構(gòu)成。減速器是原動(dòng)機(jī)和工作機(jī)之間的獨(dú)立的閉式傳動(dòng)裝置，用來降低轉(zhuǎn)速和增大轉(zhuǎn)矩以滿足各種工作機(jī)械的需要。按照傳動(dòng)形式不同可分為齒輪減速器，蝸桿減速器和行星減速器；按照傳動(dòng)的級(jí)數(shù)可分為單機(jī)和多級(jí)減速器；按照傳動(dòng)的布置形勢(shì)又可分為展開式，分流式和同軸式減速器。齒輪減速器傳動(dòng)效率及可靠性高，工作壽命長，維護(hù)簡便，因而適用范圍很廣。減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式主減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式是根據(jù)其齒輪的類型和主動(dòng)齒輪與從動(dòng)齒輪的安置方法與減速形式的不

24、同而異。主減速器的齒輪類型主減速器齒輪有弧齒錐齒輪類型，雙曲面齒輪類型，圓柱齒輪類型和蝸輪蝸桿等形式?，F(xiàn)今汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的主減速器齒輪基本采用螺旋錐齒輪。其在承受較高載荷時(shí)，工作夠平穩(wěn)，噪音較小，作用齒面上的接觸負(fù)荷也低。所以運(yùn)用單級(jí)錐齒輪。主減速器主動(dòng)，從動(dòng)錐齒輪的支承形式本此設(shè)計(jì)轎車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，所以運(yùn)用懸臂式安裝。采用懸臂式安裝之時(shí)，保證齒輪的剛度，主動(dòng)齒軸頸應(yīng)加大，使二軸承之間的距離比懸臂的距離大至少2.5倍。3、差速器的設(shè)計(jì)汽車在安全行使過程中，左右倆車輪在同一時(shí)間所滾過的路程往往是不相等的，左右兩輪胎內(nèi)的氣壓不相等、胎面磨損不均勻、兩車輪上的負(fù)荷不均勻而引起車輪滾動(dòng)半徑不符；左右兩輪接觸的路

25、面條件不同，行使阻力不等，一方面會(huì)加劇輪胎磨損、功率和燃料消耗，另一方面也會(huì)使轉(zhuǎn)向過于困難，通過性和操縱穩(wěn)定性變壞。因此，在驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的左右車輪間都裝有輪間差速器。差速器是個(gè)差速傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)，用來在兩輸出軸間分配轉(zhuǎn)矩，并保證兩輸出軸有可能以不同的角速度轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，用來保證各驅(qū)動(dòng)輪在各種運(yùn)動(dòng)條件下的動(dòng)力傳遞，避免輪胎與地面間打滑。差速器按其結(jié)構(gòu)特征可分為齒輪式、凸輪式、蝸輪式和牙嵌自由輪式等多種形式。4.3半軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及材料與熱處理為使半軸的花鍵內(nèi)徑不小于桿部直徑，常將加工花鍵的端部做得略粗些，并且適當(dāng)?shù)販p小少花鍵槽的深度，花鍵齒數(shù)必須相應(yīng)地增加，通常取10齒（轎車半軸）至18齒（載貨汽車半軸）。半軸的破壞形式基本為扭轉(zhuǎn)疲勞破壞。重型車半軸的桿部較粗，外端突緣比較大，當(dāng)無較大鍛造設(shè)備時(shí)可以采用兩端均為花鍵聯(lián)接的半軸結(jié)構(gòu)，并且取相同花鍵參數(shù)來簡化工藝。在現(xiàn)代的汽車半軸上，漸開線花鍵用得比較廣，但也是有采用矩形或梯形花鍵的結(jié)構(gòu)形式的。軸是組成機(jī)器的主要零件之一，一切做回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的傳動(dòng)零件，都必須安裝在軸上才能進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)及動(dòng)力的傳遞。因此軸的主要功用是支撐回轉(zhuǎn)零件及傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力。按照承受載荷的不同，軸可分為轉(zhuǎn)軸，心軸和傳動(dòng)軸三類，工作中繼承受彎矩又承受扭矩的成為轉(zhuǎn)軸。這類軸在機(jī)器中最常見，只承受彎矩而不承受扭矩的成為心軸，心軸又分為轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)心軸和固定心軸倆