globalization視頻英語(yǔ)原文

1、0:05theworldisbecomingmoreandmoreinterconnected0:10neverbeforeinhumanhistoryhasthereexistedsuchanintenserelationship0:13betweeninternationaltrade0:15communicationandpoliticsthetermglobalizationisallaroundus0:19sometimesasanopportunitysometimesasanewchallenge0:23butwhatexactlydoesglobalizationmeanand

2、wateritsramifications0:28eventhoughthetermglobalizationisfrequentlyused0:32itisnoteasytodefineonethingisclear:intodaysworld0:36economicenvironmentalsocialandpoliticalissuesandproblems0:40arenolongerlimitedtothenationallevelbecausetheworldhasbecomeso0:43interdependent0:44reasonablegovernancecanonlybe

3、realizedwithinbroadergroupof0:48stakeholders0:49forexamplestateconfederationsuchastheEuropeanUnion0:52regionaleconomicorganizationsliketheOECD0:55portableworld1:01todaymoderncommunicationtechnologyandmassmedia1:04likeradioTVphonesorinternet1:07ourglobalstandardthismeansthatinformationcanbedistribute

4、dworldwide1:12inrealtimeataffordablepricesforinstance1:18theaveragepriceofatelephonecallfromNewYorktoLondon1:21hasdecreasedby99percentsincenineteenthirty1:24did1:28internationalTVbroadcastersdeliverinformation1:31opinionsandculturalproductsthemostremoteareas1:38thecostfortransportationofproductsandp

5、ersonstrappedby65percentsince1:42nineteenthirty1:44duetolowfuelpricesandthedevelopmentofnewmeansof1:46transportation1:48inparticularcontainershippingairfreightcostshavedroppedevenmore1:52eighty-eightpercenton1:56thefreightchargespertonofcoffeedeliveredfromAsiatoEurope2:00onlycountsforonepercentprice

6、on2:05suchdevelopmentsaretheresultoftechnologicaladvancements2:09buttherearesomeaspectswhichwereintroducedpurposefullyaswell2:13sincethenineteeneightiestherichermoreindustrializedcountrieswork2:17towardsremovingtradebarriers2:18suchastariffsimportquotasandfans2:21worldwidefirstnewtechnologies2:29dec

7、reasingtransportationcostsandtheliberalizationofinternationaltrade2:33hasmadeitpossibleandprofitableformajorcompaniestoproduceandsell2:38worldwideletstakeaglanceatthethreemainareasofglobalization2:43theeconomicsphereisaparticularimportance2:46itisamajorcatalystforglobalization2:50andisatthesametimet

8、hemostaffectedarea2:53internationalexportshaveincreased30-fold2:57inthelast60yearstheforeigndirectinvestmentcompaniesandgovernments3:05hasincreasedsubstantiallyitswrittenfrom$13billiondollarsperyear3:11innineteenseventytomorethanonepointatrilliontoday3:15up3:19manycompaniesaresearchingfornewmarketsa

9、ndopportunitiesforcheap3:22production3:23incountrieswithlowwagesandsoftenvironmentalregulations3:27thenumberofsuchmultinationalcorporations3:30rosefrom7000to65,0003:34sincethe1990s%uhsimilartotheworldeconomy3:42internationalpoliticsisalsomoreinterdependenttoday3:45mostimportantpolicyissueslikeclimat

10、echangethefinancialcrisis3:50forterrorismdonotcareaboutborders3:53suchproblemscannotbesolvedbyasinglestatealong3:58politicstriestoreactbyattemptingtomakedecisions4:01inbroadergroupofcountriesliketheEUtheg204:05oreventheUnitedNationsatthesametime4:09theyremoreandmoreinternationalpressuregroupwhichdon

11、otbelongtoa4:13particularstate4:14theso-callednon-governmentalorganizations4:18orNGOswereabletoexertinfluenceinpoliticsrelatedtotheirfieldofwork4:23examplesincludeGreenpeaceAmnestyInternational4:28orattackaglobalpublicforumevolvesthroughthepreviouslymentionednew4:34possibilitieshavecommunication4:36

12、ngosusethisinordertoinfluencepolitics4:44internationalpoliticalproblemsandtheemergenceofnewglobalactorslikeNGOs4:48inmultinationalcorporations4:50leadtoadecreasehavethepoliticalattitudeofsingleStates4:53especiallyifsmallstatestheinfluenceofglobalizationcanbeobservedinour5:02cultureaswell5:03oneaspec

13、tisoftenreferredtoasmacworld5:08thetermdescribeshowWesterncultureespeciallypopularculture5:12becomesdominantanddestroysculturaldiversity5:16theglobaldistributionandwesternmusicnews5:19productseventheEnglishlanguagepromotesthiseffect5:23ontocounterglobalization5:26wecanalsoseebacklashforexample5:30pe

14、opleareincreasinglyreturningtolocalandregionalculturalcustoms5:35globalizationisaverycomplexdevelopment5:39somecountriesbenefitmoreothersbenefitless5:43newlyindustrializedcountrieslikeTaiwanandSouthKorea5:47aswellastherapidlydevelopingIndiaBrazilandChina5:50gainconsiderableadvantagefromtheirintegrat

15、ionintotheworldeconomy5:54theycanbuilduptheirfactorieswithforeigndirectinvestmentin5:58infrastructure5:59andselltheirproductsinternationallyduetothelowwagesinthesecountries6:04theseproductsareverycompetitiveontheworldmarket6:07Chinarepresentsaperfectexample6:12howbroaderpopulationcanbenefittoitsfast

16、economicgrowth6:17hasenabled$500millionchinesetoleaveextremepoverty6:20ontheotherhand6:24theirwholeregionswhoaresufferingmorethantheyrebenefitingfrom6:27globalisation6:28thisisparticularlytrueformostsub-saharanAfricancountries6:33suchcountriesarenotpreparedtofishinLi6:36forTitaninternationalcompetit

17、ionthecheapproductsproducedbyindustrial6:40anewlyindustrialisedcountriesbutthelocalmarketsanddestroylocal6:44productionfacilities6:45moreoverthesecountriesarenotattractiveforforeigninvestors6:50thustheycannotwalkthesamerouteasthenewlyindustrializedcountries6:54onglobalizationisboth6:58threatanopport

18、unityforindustrializedcountriesontheonehand7:02theycanacquirenewmarketsfortheirindustrialgoodsontheotherhand7:06theyrefacingthecompetitionnewlyindustrializedcountries7:10thecanproduceatlowercostsspecifically7:13productionofsimplegoodisnolongerprofitableveryfewproducts7:18liketextilestoysarewhitegoodspurcellproducedinindustrialized7:22countries7:22up7:25onitbecomesclear7:29iflocalizationtakesplaceatmany