高一英語必修一必背知識點

1、 高一英語必修一必背知識點高一英語必修一必背學(xué)問點1 1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake. 現(xiàn)在，假設(shè)有一次大地震。 “There +be +主語+（其它）成分”結(jié)構(gòu)中there為引導(dǎo)詞，本身無意義，謂語動詞根據(jù)就近全都原則。其它相像句型還有： There happen to be 碰巧有 There seems/appears to be 似乎有 There is likely to be 可能有 There may/might be 或許有 There must be 肯定有 There cant be 不行能有 There is s

2、aid/reported to be 據(jù)說/據(jù)報道有 There used to be 曾經(jīng)有 There is sure/certain to be 肯定有 2. happen to. It (so) happened that Did you hear what happened to David last night? 你聽說大衛(wèi)昨天晚上發(fā)生什么事了嗎? What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 假如彼得和愛麗絲離婚孩子們將怎么辦? I happened to see Peter on the way to

3、 the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我去書店的路上碰巧遇見了彼得。 It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我去書店的路上碰巧遇見了彼得。 I happened to be out when he called. 他來訪時，恰巧我出去了。 (= It happened that I was out when he called.) I happened on just the thing I had been looking for. 我偶然發(fā)覺了我所要找的東西。 3.

4、 right away毫不遲疑，立即 He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你應(yīng)當(dāng)馬上請大夫來。 4. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 裂縫里冒出臭氣。 5. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 農(nóng)家大院里，雞甚至豬都緊急得不想吃食。 6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of t

5、hese events, were asleep as usual that night. 但是，這個城市的一百萬居民都沒有把這些狀況當(dāng)一回事，當(dāng)天晚上照常睡著了。 7. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界好像到了末日。 從句表示“(在某人)看來似乎;好像” It seems/looks/appears as if/though看起來似乎 Sb./Sth. looks as if/though(不用seem/appear) There seems/appears(to be)(不用 look) There appears to have be

6、en a mistake. =It appears that there has been a mistake. It seems so. =So it seems.看來好像是這樣。 8. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就淪落為一片廢墟之中。 9. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake. 三人之二的人在地震中死去或受傷。 10. The number of people who were killed or i

7、njured reached more than 400,000.死傷的人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬。 10. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 有些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。 11. All hope was not lost.不是全部的盼望都破滅了。該句為部分否定。All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every+名詞都表示全部確定;但當(dāng)not 在它們之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none nobody, nothing, nota

8、ny, 以及 no+名詞都表示全部否定。如： Both of them havent read this story.并非他們二人都看過這個（故事）。 All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem. 這些男孩都很聰慧，但沒有一個人能解出這道題。 All bamboo doesnt grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非全部的竹子都長的高。 12. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had bee

9、n destroyed. 救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。 13. under the weight of在重壓下，迫于 14. in the open air 在戶外，在野外，露天 in the air 在空中，懸而未決 15. take turns to do sth依次，輪番做某事 in turn 依次地，輪番地 It is your turn now.現(xiàn)在輪到你了。 No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn. 任何人都不準(zhǔn)不按次序買票。 16. be shocked at對感到震動 17. be proud of以為驕傲

10、 18. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 19. express ones thanks to sb /for sth對/因表示感謝 20. without warning 毫無預(yù)兆 21. next to緊接著，相鄰，次于 22. get away from避開，擺脫，離開 23. disarster-hit areas災(zāi)區(qū) 24. raise money 募捐，籌款 25. Listening to English is a very important skill becaus

11、e it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody. 聽英語是一項很重要的技能，由于只有當(dāng)我們懂得別人給我們說什么我們才能與他交談。 26. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates. 人們認(rèn)為地球表面是一些板塊。 27. hold up舉起;托住;支撐;使停滯;耽擱;提出;阻擋;列舉，推舉;(理論等)經(jīng)得住 Women can hold up half

12、of the sky.婦女能頂半邊天。 28. make up彌補, 虛構(gòu), 縫制, 整理, 包裝, 和解, 編輯, 化妝,補足,拼湊 Farm workers make up only a small section of the population. 農(nóng)夫只占人口的一小部分. The boy made up a story; it was not true. 男孩編了個故事，這故事不是真的。 29. The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition.裁判把獎金頒給贏得

13、競賽的自行車選手，并向他慶賀。 30. The miners who had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.被困在煤礦里兩天的礦工們最終得到了營救。 31. The reporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid the question.記者意識到女孩很可怕，而且盡力地回避問題。 32. The big fire destroyed two shops which are about four bloc

14、ks from here. 大火摧毀了離這兒四個街區(qū)的兩個商店。 33. I cant express how I am feeling at the moment. 我無法表達(dá)我現(xiàn)在的感覺。 34. It is said but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks. 據(jù)說但是真實的，在地震中人們死于倒落的家具和磚塊。 35. be fixed to被固定到 36. be tied to 被綁在 高一英語必修一必背學(xué)問點2 一、present simple and present conti

15、nuous 一般現(xiàn)在是和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 1，present simple: 反復(fù)進(jìn)行的，常常性的動作(慣例習(xí)慣) Eg, He watches soap operas. 及狀態(tài) I live in Budapest. 一般現(xiàn)在時常和下列時間狀語連用：always, usually, from, time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, never. 2,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作(現(xiàn)在，此刻) 肯定時間段內(nèi)常常進(jìn)行的動作 和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連用的時間狀語有just, now, at the moment, at presen

16、t. 二、future：arrangements and intentions 將來的支配和準(zhǔn)備 1、be going to 表示準(zhǔn)備要做的事情。 2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示已經(jīng)確定或支配好事情。 Eg, Im getting married in June. 3、一般現(xiàn)在是表示不行轉(zhuǎn)變的官方活動或時間表 The summer term begins on the 15th of February. 三、past simple and past continues 1,psat simple ：一般過去時，表示過去完成的動作或過去的情境和習(xí)慣。 Eg: She climb the stairs and

17、 went to her room. 用一般過去時要在規(guī)章動詞詞尾加-ed，或用不規(guī)章動詞的過去式，一般過去式的疑問句和否定句用did 和didnt 加動詞原形。 2、past continuous過去進(jìn)行時：過去某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作形成某些大事發(fā)生的情境動作。 Eg, It was raining during the whole match. 當(dāng)過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時消失在同一個（句子）中時，過去進(jìn)行時描述故事發(fā)生的背景，兒一般過去時則報道該大事。 Eg， We driving along a country lane when, suddenly a car drove past us

18、. Form: 過去進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語+was /were +動詞-ing形式。 Eg， The driver was sitting behind the wheel. 四、present perfect and past simple?，F(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去式，現(xiàn)在完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的事情對現(xiàn)在依舊有明顯的影響 發(fā)生在過去的動作但是不知道動作發(fā)生的時間或?qū)幼靼l(fā)生的準(zhǔn)確時間不感愛好。 現(xiàn)在完成時常常和下列時間狀語連用： Before, ever, never, already, and , yet. already 用于確定句，yet 用于疑問句和否定句。 Venus and Seren

19、a have played each other before.(重要的事他們過去進(jìn)行了競賽，但是何時競賽并不重要現(xiàn)在完成時) Venus and Serena have played each other in June 1999.( 我們知道此事發(fā)生的準(zhǔn)確時間一般過去時) 五、The passive 被動語態(tài) 在下列狀況下使用被動語態(tài)： 1、不知道耶不需要知道誰做的這件事。 2、動作的執(zhí)行者“顯而易見” 3、動作本身比動作執(zhí)行者更重要或不想指出誰做的這件事。 4、在書面語特殊是在科技（報告）、報刊（文章）中被動語態(tài)比主動語態(tài)更正式。 Form： Tense時態(tài) form 形式 +past

20、一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are +past participle 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 am/is/are being +pp 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has been +pp 一般過去時 was/were +pp 過去進(jìn)行時 was/were being +pp 六、have to/not have to, can/cant, ought to/ought not to uses 用法： have to 用來表示義務(wù)責(zé)任，You have to pass your test before you can drive. Dont have to 表達(dá)不必：We dont have to wear

21、 uniforms at our school. Can 用來表示允許或懇求許可或者表示某事可能發(fā)生。 You can buy CDs at the market. Cant 表示禁止或不行能：You cant go out tonight. Ought to 表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事。You ought to visit your grandparents this weekend. Ought not to 表示不應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事You ought not to walk alone at night. Form 形式 can/cant, have to/not have to 及ought to/ought not to 后用動詞原形。 現(xiàn)在完成時，一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時 許多