黎贇-考研英語寫作課件

1、2012考研英語寫作三峽大學科技學院 黎贇 Roma was not built in one day!2022/9/102前 言Introduction1.為什么你的作文寫不好？2.考研英語作文的題目類型 3.應(yīng)對考研英語寫作的高分策略2022/9/103寫不好作文 1.不會寫考試時拿到一篇文章不知如何下手，不知如何提筆進行寫作。主要是存在以下兩個原因：一是考生的確無話可說；二是心里雖然有話，但是拿捏不準該寫哪句為妙。于是思前想后、猶豫不決，始終不敢提筆進行寫作。 2.寫不好拿到作文題，沒有明確的寫作思路，不按套路出牌；或是簡單漢語邏輯思維寫作，不符合英語寫作標準，沒有文采。原因在于：第一是

2、平時沒有養(yǎng)成良好的寫作習慣；第二對于英語寫作的句式特點以及整體文章結(jié)構(gòu)框架不了解。第三，過分依賴和迷信“萬能”的套用模式，句型僵化，缺乏活力和亮點。2022/9/104近年來考研英語寫作分為兩類：小作文、大作文。小作文一般給出作文內(nèi)容要點，以求職信、申請信，道歉信和感謝信等為命題題材，內(nèi)容簡單明確，不需要復雜華麗的文采修飾。大作文類型，從文體上看，可以劃分為說明文和議論文，從選題范圍上看，大都是目前人們最為關(guān)注的問題，反映了當前社會的熱門話題或可以用熱門話題來透視的哲理性問題。通過對近些年的真題分析；從出題形式上看，在平穩(wěn)種逐漸趨于多樣化，寫作題目易于理解，無論以文字的形式還是以圖表、圖畫的形

3、式出現(xiàn)都淺顯易懂?？佳杏⒄Z寫作題目類型2022/9/105高分策略文 章A Composition詞 匯vocabulary句 式Sentence Structure段 落Paragraph2022/9/106詞匯層面1.圖形的種類及相關(guān)表達2.數(shù)據(jù)的種類及相關(guān)表達3.數(shù)據(jù)的變化及相關(guān)表達4.表銜接的語言5.各類話題重點詞匯6.其他必背經(jīng)典表達2022/9/107 （泛指）圖形 Graph,chart,diagram,illustration 餅圖，圓形圖 pie chart, pie graph 條形圖，柱形圖 bar chart,column chart, histogram 直線圖，曲線

4、圖 line chart, curve chart 表格圖 table 流程圖，過程圖 flow chart, sequence diagram 樹形圖 tree diagram 直線 the straight line 虛線 the dotted line 輪廓，外形 outline圖形種類及相關(guān)表達2022/9/1010分布，區(qū)別distribute在同一時期during the same period不相等的unequally明顯趨勢Noticeable trend一些較大的變化significant changes輕微的Slight緩慢的slow漸進的gradual穩(wěn)固的steady急

5、劇的steep戲劇性的，生動的dramatic迅速的rapid表程度數(shù)據(jù)的變化及相關(guān)表達（二）2022/9/1011 表銜接的語言（一）表列舉表舉例 in the first (second) place, to begin with, last but not least for one thing, first of allfor example, for instance，such as, a case in point, to illustrate, as a proof表增補in addition, furthermore, moreover, besides, apart from

6、, then ,whats more, to put it another way, all the same, likewise表對照unlike, in contrast (with, to),whereas, on the other hand, instead of, nonetheless, nevertheless, by contrast, on the contrary, otherwise, the opposite of2022/9/1012 表結(jié)果 therefore, as a result, consequently, accordingly, so, thus, o

7、n the account, hence, in this way, as a consequence 表結(jié)論 to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, on the whole, in the last analysis(歸根結(jié)底), in a word, all in brief, in short, in sum, to conclude, to be brief, all in all, the long and the short of it(總而言之） 表時間 in the meantime, by the ti

8、me(到的時候), from now on presently,formerly, meanwhille,after a while, so far, since, by now 表原因 owing to, result from, due to, on account of, on the ground of, as a result of, by reason of, because (of) 表重復as I have said/mentioned/discussed, as has been noted/pointed out,as is mentioned above 表銜接的語言 （

9、二）2022/9/1016自然/生態(tài)/環(huán)境詞匯過度開墾：excessive reclamation生態(tài)失衡：disruption of ecological balance適者生存：the survival of the fittest節(jié)能措施：energy-saving measures能源危機：energy crisis減少城市噪音：to abate the city noises取之不竭，用之不盡的：inexhaustible能源多樣化：to diversify energy sources緩解對環(huán)境的壓力：to ease environment pressure污染防治和控制：poll

10、ution prevention and control2022/9/1017社會/生活/其他詞匯安居工程：Housing Project for low-incoming families春運：transport during the Spring Festival挪用公款：to embezzle public funds劃時代的事件：epoch-making event各級政府部門：governments at all levels繩之以法：to bring somebody to justice優(yōu)惠政策：a favorable policy腐敗現(xiàn)象：corruption phenomen

11、on實事求是，腳踏實地：to come down with both feet給以高度重視：to attach high importance to社會保障體系：social security system2022/9/1018其他必背經(jīng)典表達（一）就而論：As far asis concerned眾所周知：As everybody know/It is well-known that俗話說：As the saying goes可以肯定地說：It can be said with certainty that人們普遍認為：It is generally recognized that毫不夸張地

12、說：It is hardly too much to say that必須承認/強調(diào)/指出:It must be admitted/emphasized/pointed out that.對此事的另一種考慮是：Another special consideration here is that由可看出：As seen fromthat就此我們同意：As this point we agree that2022/9/1019其他必背經(jīng)典表達（二）然而，困難在于：However, the difficulty lies in不論怎樣：However that may be從廣義/狹義上說：In a

13、 broad/narrow sense就此而論：From this point of view因此，我們斷言：Hence, we conclude that而且我們認為：Further, we hold opinion that可以肯定：It may be confirmed that因此，我們有理由相信：Therefore, we have the reason to believe that所以我們懂得：Thus we are given to understand that為此：With this end in view2022/9/1023圖表作文通用句式（一）1. The table

14、 shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto 該表格描述了從年至年間數(shù)量的變化。2. The bar chart/pie graph/tree diagram depicts/illustrate/reveals that 該柱狀圖/圓形圖/樹形圖展示/描述/揭示了3. The number ofremained steady, stable from (month, year) to (month, year) (月，年）至（月，年）的數(shù)量基本不變。4. The number sharply went up to數(shù)字急劇上

15、升至圖表作文通用句式（二）5. The figures peaked at/bottomed outin 數(shù)目在達到頂點/跌至低谷6. There is an upward trend in the number of 數(shù)字呈上升趨勢。7. From the bar chart, it can be clearly seen that 從圖表看，可以清晰地發(fā)現(xiàn)8. There is a sharp contrast between 在之間有明顯的對比。9. According to the graph above, a safe prediction could be 從上圖中可以得出一個準確

16、的預言。2022/9/10242022/9/1025話題作文通用句式（一）1. Thanks to Chinas reform and opening -up policy,has witnessed great economic and social progress in the past two decades. 由于中國的改革開放 政策，在過去二十年里見證了巨大的社會經(jīng)濟進步。 2. With the rapid (marked, amazing, eye-catching, remarkable, fantastic) development (progress, growth, a

17、dvance, improvement) of economy (society, industry, living standard), great changes have taken place in 隨著經(jīng)濟（社會，工業(yè)，生活水平）快速的（顯著的，驚人的，令人矚目的，卓越的）發(fā)展（進步，增長，提高），發(fā)生了巨大變化。2022/9/1026話題作文通用句式（二）3. We are now entering a brand new era. The 21st century is a time of advanced scientific and technological knowled

18、ge. 我們正在進入一個嶄新的時代，21世紀是先進科技知識的時代。 4. With the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention. 隨著日益迅速的經(jīng)濟全球化和城市化，更多的問題受到我們的關(guān)注。5. A recent report released by the government has caused nation-wide repercussions (echoes).政府最近發(fā)布的一份報告在全國引起了反響。話題作文通用句式

19、（三）6. Nowadays more and more people begin to realize (be aware of, notice) the importance (significance, seriousness) of the problem of education (pollution, unemployment). 現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始認識到（注意到）教育（污染，失業(yè)）問題的重要性（意義，嚴重性）。7. We often find ourselves caught (involved) in a dilemma whether we should reach for

20、 the bears paw or for the sharks fin 我們常常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入一個進退維谷的境地：是取熊掌還是魚翅2022/9/10272022/9/1028正文段通用句式 （一）1. Obviously,like anything else, have more than one face. While they are indispensable to mankind, they also bring us serious problems.顯然，就像任何事情一樣，也是多方面的。當它們對人類來說是必不可少的時候，它們同樣也給我們帶來了嚴重的問題。2. As the prov

21、erb goes: “ Every coin has its two sides.”is no exception. 正如諺語所說“每個硬幣都有兩面”，也不例外。3. The social and economic advances, the quickening of living tempo and the ever increasing competition are deemed as the main contribution to社會經(jīng)濟的進步、生活節(jié)奏的加快和日益激烈的競爭對起了重要作用。2022/9/1029正文段通用句式 （二）4. It will have (exercis

22、e, exert, produce, bring about) a decisive (profound, far-reaching, disastrous, unfavorable) effect (influence, impact) on 這將對產(chǎn)生（帶來）決定性的（意義深遠的、災難性的、不利的）后果（效果、影響）。5. Though it has brought mankind merits, some undesirable side-effects have gradually come to the surface. 盡管它給人類帶來了好處，但一些副作用也漸漸表現(xiàn)出來。6. Ob

23、viously, it has its drawbacks (disadvantages, negative effects) as well as merits ( advantages, positive effects). 顯然，它既擁有優(yōu)點（長處、積極的作用），也有弊端（短處，消極的作用）。正文段通用句式 （三）7. The side-effects ofhave produced on us can be boiled down to three major ones.對我們產(chǎn)生的副作用歸納起來主要有三個。8. It demonstrates a universal law that

24、一個很好的例證就是9. The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that 讓我印象深刻的最顯著的特點是10. There is considerable evidence in favor of有相當多的證據(jù)支持 2022/9/10302022/9/1031結(jié)尾段通用句式1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely arrive at (draw, come to, reach)the conclusion that從以上所討論的來看，我們可以得出以下的結(jié)論2. Ta

25、king into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the moral that 全盤考慮所有的因素，我們可以得出這樣的教訓3. To conclude my essay, I would like to quote an old saying “”我想引用一句古語 “”來結(jié)束我的文章。4. It is urgent(important, necessary) that appropriate (effective, proper) actions (measures, steps, methods) be taken

26、to end (correct, improve)采取適當?shù)模ㄓ行У模线m的）措施（行動，步驟，方法）去消除（糾正，改進)是迫切的（重要的，必要的）。2022/9/1034應(yīng)用文段落框架應(yīng)用文申請信求職信投訴信建議信推薦信2022/9/1035申請信開頭：1. I would like to apply for admission to your college 2. Im writing to apply for the scholarship that 3. Your advertisement makes me unable to wait to write this applicati

27、on for the post because I think I have the qualifications you are seeking.結(jié)尾：1. Looking forward to your favorable reply. 2. I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my applications. 3. If any scholarships are available, I would appreciate it if you would send me the necessary appl

28、ication forms. 4. I hope my academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.2022/9/1036求職信開頭：1. I (have)learned fromthat there is a vacancy for you are employingI am wrting this letter to submit my application forIn reply your advertisement in, I beg to apply for

29、the post of in your company.I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of you have advertised on 結(jié)尾：1. Enclosed is my resume for further information. 2. I would be very grateful if you grant me a personal interview. 3. I hope I may be pleased to attend for an i

30、nterview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.2022/9/1037投訴信開頭：1. Im writing to inform you that Im dissatisfied with 2. I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid the I have to make a complaint about 3. Im writing to express my disappointment/dissatisfaction/

31、concern about/with中間：1. The reason for my complaint lie upon the following points. 2. The reasons why Im angry are as follows.結(jié)尾：1. I do hope that the problems will be solved as soon as possible. 2. I trust you will take my complaint seriously and 3. I must have you fully understand that without a satisfying solution, I will reserve my right to take legal action. 希望你完全明白，要是沒有滿意的解決方案，我將采取必要的法律手段。2022/9/1038建