高中英語(yǔ) 直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)素材 牛津版必修3

1、PAGE PAGE 3用心 愛(ài)心 專心直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引用別人原話，叫直接引語(yǔ)。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)常用賓語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)。直接引語(yǔ)前后要用引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)。He Said: “I have seen the film.”他說(shuō)：“我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影?！保ㄖ苯右Z(yǔ)）He said that he had seen the film. 他說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。（間接引語(yǔ)）怎樣把直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)?直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)的方法：根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q。如：They said, “We are busy now.” （直接引語(yǔ)）They said that they were

2、 busy then.（間接引語(yǔ)）一般來(lái)說(shuō)第三人稱代詞常常不變，第一人稱一般變?yōu)榈诙朔Q。 若主句的謂語(yǔ)是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要調(diào)整時(shí)態(tài)。直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在時(shí) 過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)（少數(shù)不變）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由上述內(nèi)容可知，時(shí)態(tài)的變化都是由現(xiàn)在的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)而變成了達(dá)去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。要特別注意，客觀真理以及過(guò)去完成時(shí)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，不需作時(shí)態(tài)調(diào)整。指示代詞，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也要作調(diào)整。直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)thisthatthesethosenow thentoday that daytonight th

3、at nighttomorrowthe next (following) daynext day (month, year) the next day (month, year)yesterdaythe day beforeyesterday afternoonthe afternoon beforelast year (month) the year (month) beforeagobeforehere there注：動(dòng)詞（come）也常變?yōu)間o若直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（口語(yǔ)中常省略），其它作相應(yīng)的變化。He said, “Ive just got a let

4、ter from my sister.”He said he had just got a letter from his sister.需要說(shuō)明的是，若引號(hào)里是兩句話，改為間接引語(yǔ)后，第二句前也要用that連接起來(lái)?！癏e was here a few weeks ago, and he came again yesterday.” she said.She said that he had been there a few weeks before, and that he had come again the day before.若直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句（原為倒裝語(yǔ)序），改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要

5、用陳述句的語(yǔ)序而且還要加連詞if 或whether引出。注意whether后還可跟or ，但if 不能。Whether可用在介詞后或帶to的不定式前面，而if不能。但若賓語(yǔ)從句為否定句時(shí)，常用if而不用whether。He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”He asked me whether I was a teacher or a student.注：如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)為said，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要用asked，無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ)，要適當(dāng)加一個(gè)me，us，him等。如：He said, “ Are you ready?”He asked me if I

6、was ready.若直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)就要使用疑問(wèn)詞引出，而且要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。“What are you doing here?” the guard said to us.The guard asked us what we were doing there.當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)要改為帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）的句子，賓補(bǔ)用不定式表示。即：ask (tell, order, beg, etc) someone (not) to do something。注意不要用said。“Dont mention it again,” the said to her husban

7、d.She asked her husband not to mention it again一、將所給直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，每空一詞：1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _ _ having supper.2. “Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _ me that she _ _ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _ _ _ home with her sister.4. The te

8、acher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon.5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.He told me that he _ met her the day _.6. “You must come here before five,” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,

9、” she said.She said that she _ bought the computer two weeks _.8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.He _ _ I had read the book the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where

10、 have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ quiet.14. “Dont look out of the window,” she said.She told me _ _ _ out of the window. 15. “Are you

11、interested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interested in _.【答案詳解】1. he, was。在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，代詞I要變?yōu)閔e；主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句通常要將時(shí)態(tài)往后推一個(gè)，即現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am having變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was having。2. told, had, seen。直接引語(yǔ)中的said to sb在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)改為told sb；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have seen改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)had seen。3. she, had, gone。直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱代詞I 應(yīng)變?yōu)閟he；一般過(guò)去時(shí)went改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)had

12、 gone。4. is。直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若直接引語(yǔ)為客觀真理，則變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變。5. had, before。直接引語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)met，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)had met；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday應(yīng)改為the day before(from )。6. had, there。如直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用had to；地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)here 相應(yīng)地改為there。7. had, before。直接引語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)bought，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)had bought；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)two weeks ago應(yīng)改為two weeks bef

13、ore。8. asked, if (whether), before。當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)said應(yīng)改為asked，然后加上連接詞if或whether；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last week 改為the week before。9. told, could。根據(jù)句意第一空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞told；直接引語(yǔ)中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)改為could。10. how, she, had。如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)仍用how引導(dǎo)，疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序，一般過(guò)去時(shí)改為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。11. where, I, had, those。直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)仍用where引導(dǎo)，疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，指示代詞these相應(yīng)地變?yōu)閠hose。12. if (whether), I, lived。直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)用if或whether引導(dǎo)，人稱you和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)lives也相應(yīng)地變?yōu)镮 和lived(from )。13. told, to, keep。如直接引語(yǔ)為肯定的祈使句時(shí)，在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，可使用ask tell, orde