課件Linux入門課程介紹說明篇

1、Linux 入門課程(介紹篇)講者: Pank2006-02-21Linux OriginGNU之父 Richard StallmanLinux之父 Linus Torvalds1983年Richard Stallman開始GNU計畫1991年Linux Kernel誕生GNU+Linux Kernel = GNU/LinuxLinus Torvalds1991年芬蘭的一位大學生Linus Torvalds,撰寫了Linux Kernel 0.02版本目前的系統(tǒng)核心已發(fā)展到 版本GNUGNUs Not UNIXIt is pronounced “guh-noo”Richard

2、 StallmanLinux TuxLarry Ewing於1996年設計Tux源於Torvalds UniXTux已經(jīng)成為Linux和Open Source社群的象徵Linux Development自由軟體發(fā)展模式自由軟體組織GNU、GNOME、KDE、Mozilla、OpenOffice、Apache、Samba等商業(yè)化的Linux軟體公司RedHat、Mandriva(Mandrake)、SUSE、Slackware等Free Sofware and Open Source SoftwareOpen Source Software = or Free Software ?Free as

3、 in Freedom自由與開放.之爭? Free Software DefinitionThe freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0). The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your

4、neighbor (freedom 2). The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3). Access to the source code is a precondition for this. Linux Key PointOpen StandardsOpen ArchitectureOpen SourceLinux is Important to CustumersLinux

5、 is an execellent path to On Demand BusinessLinux is about choice and flexibilityLinux is secureLinux is reliableReduce costsLinux DistroRedhat and FedoraMandriva(Mandrake)DebianSUSEGentooUbuntu (Google will release Google OS Goobuntu base on Ubuntu)KNOPPIX (Live CD)等數(shù)百種 distro Linux ServerLinux ser

6、ver market share: 28.3% in 2004, 37.6% by 2008 Apache Market ShareApache 68.01%Microsoft IIS 20.56% (佔有率Linux Server)Linux Desktop目前Linux Desktop佔有率只有2%Siemens估計2008年可達到20%Linux Desktop普及的障礙 (1)第一個問題系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)移，非常嚴重 資料與設定依然存活在Windows Linux桌面系統(tǒng)普及的第二大障礙是穩(wěn)定性並非不當機的穩(wěn)定性，而是一個穩(wěn)定的API 第三個問題是簡易性不足 Gedit的喜好設定視窗的五個大項約有

7、30種使用者偏好項目，NotePad只有3項最後一個問題是方便性 一般人不知道何謂 mount a drive,他們也沒必要知道引用 Mozilla自己人看Linux桌面 by Asa Dotzler (陳智文譯)Linux Desktop普及的障礙 (2)個人補充習慣因素 長久使用微軟軟體重量級軟體不夠多Photoshop、Dreamweaver、AutoCAD驅(qū)動程式安裝不易軟體安裝缺乏一致性的介面X WindowX Window 簡稱 X 或 X11,1984年起始於MIT,比微軟的Windows 3.0(1990年)還早許多XFree86 and X.org2004年XFree86在新的4.4版本中使用新的授權協(xié)定,和GPL不相容,各家Linux紛紛改用X.org,註定XFree86的沒落與X.org的興起Linux Window ManagerKDEGNOMEXFCEIceWMBlackBoxLinux Window ManagerEmbedded Linux Linux在Embedded應用佔有一半以上的市場Linux DevicesPDAs, handheldsMobile,VoIP, Smart phonesRobotsAudio/video devicesThin Clients & TerminalsTablets/webpadsGateways