情態(tài)動詞+have-done結構(過去推測結構)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)情態(tài)動詞+have_done結構一、“must+have+done” 表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成“一定做過某事”，該結構只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面還是濕的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。二、 “cant+have+done” 表示對過去事情

2、的否定推測，譯成“不可能做過某事”。1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他。2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. 瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家去了。三、 “can+have+done” 表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句，譯成“可能做過嗎？”。1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋

3、里沒有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到處找不到他們，他們可能到什么地方去呢？四、 “could+have+done” 是虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設，譯成“本來能夠”做某事而沒有做。1. He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心。五、 “may+have+done” 表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測，譯成“可能已經”，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to Georg

4、e?I dont know. He may have got lost.喬治發(fā)生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、 “might+have+done” 表示對過去事情的推測，might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。譯成“可能已經”，用于肯定句中。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. 他或許會多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多給她點機會，她可

5、能已經取得更大的成績。七、 “would+have+done” 虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設，意思是“本來會，”。1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本來會告訴你這個小男孩的故事，但是你沒有問我。2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much. 沒有你的幫助，我是不會取得如此大的成績。八、 “should+have+done” 對過去事情的埋怨，意思是本來應該做某事，而實際沒做。譯成“本應該“ “shouldnt+have

6、+done”表示本來不應該做某事，而實際做了。含有指責的意思。譯成“本不該“1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項工作本來應該昨天就做完的。2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，湯姆哭了，我本來不應該對他如此嚴厲。九、 “ought to+have+done” 表示過去應該做而實際并沒有做，譯成“本應該”，有遺憾的意思。與“should+have+done”用法基本一樣。 1.

7、I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應上星期日回家。2. You ought not to have given him more help. 你不應該幫助他那么多。十、 “need+have+done” 表示過去本來需要做某事而沒有做。譯成“本來需要，“neednt+have+done”表示本來不需要做某事而做了，譯成“本不需要，“I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本來沒有必要買這么多酒，只來了五個人。He need have hurried to the stati

8、on. In that case, he wouldnt have missed the train. 他本來需要快點去車站，那樣的話，他就不會誤了火車。注意1：had+過去分詞的 特殊用法一般來講had后加上動詞的過去分詞，表示過去完成時，但有時had 后面連接一些表示主觀意向的動詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等had加上這些主觀意向性動詞的過去分詞，構成過去完成時，表示本來想怎么樣，但是未能實現。翻譯為原本想.1. We had hoped that you would come,but you didnt.我們本來希望你會來的，但你沒有。注意2：should have done與should have been done的區(qū)別？兩個都是虛擬。should have done是主動，應該做而沒做；should have been done是被動，應該被做而沒被做。 1. You should have told me yesterday that you had changed your mind. 你昨天應該告訴我你改變主意了。（實際上沒有告訴）2. Your work should have been done before you went home.