大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀課后習(xí)題5-2

1、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第五冊(cè)第2 單元課后習(xí)題答案匯總一、詞匯notion n. 概念；見解；打算inhabite adj. 有人居住的v. 占據(jù)（ inhabit 的過去分詞）；居住于The notion （ that thought inhabited the hear）t was once accepted as a truth.思想存在于心臟里的觀點(diǎn)曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是事實(shí)。（ that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句）denial n. 否認(rèn)；拒絕；節(jié)制；背棄To say that human rights are not protected in the country is a denial of the ob

2、vious truth.說這個(gè)國(guó)家里人權(quán)沒有受到保護(hù)，便是對(duì)明白事實(shí)的否認(rèn)（睜眼說瞎話）。independent n. 獨(dú)立自主者；無黨派者adj. 獨(dú)立的；單獨(dú)的；無黨派的；不受約束的An independent opinion poll of foreign businessesi n China published today shows growing confidence in the sustained development of the countr ys economy.對(duì)中國(guó)的外資企業(yè)展開的獨(dú)立民意調(diào)查標(biāo)明，他們對(duì)該國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展越來越有信心。realistic adj.

3、 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的；逼真的；實(shí)在論的The book gives us ar ealistic picture of contemporary life in rural China.這本書是對(duì)當(dāng)代中國(guó)農(nóng)村生活的現(xiàn)實(shí)描繪。passed for 冒充，假扮；被認(rèn)為I cant imagine how this placep assed for a five-star hotel! The service is dreadful.我無法想象這個(gè)地方怎么會(huì)被認(rèn)為是五星級(jí)酒店！他們的服務(wù)太糟糕了。consequent n. 結(jié)果 adj. 隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的The warming of the

4、Earth and thec onsequen tclimate change will affect us all.全球變暖以及隨之而來的氣候變化將影響到所有的人。a handful of 一把；少量的；一小部分The little girl scooped up a handful of sand and let it trickle through her fingers.小女孩捧起一把沙子，然后讓沙子從手指間細(xì)細(xì)流下。as opposed to 與截然相反；對(duì)照This is a book about business practicea s opposed（與相對(duì)，而不是）to th

5、eory.這本書是關(guān)于商業(yè)實(shí)踐的，不是關(guān)于商業(yè)理論的。urge n. 強(qiáng)烈的欲望，迫切要求；推動(dòng)力vi. 強(qiáng)烈要求vt. 力勸，催促；驅(qū)策，推進(jìn)Influential adj. 有影響的；有勢(shì)力的n. 有影響力的人物He urged his influential friends to help get him a loan.他敦促他有影響力的朋友們幫他貸款。eternal adj. 永恒的；不朽的Many people now think there is no such thing ase ternal truth, because truth is subject to change a

6、s mans understanding of the universe improves.現(xiàn)在許多人認(rèn)為沒有永恒真理這樣的東西，因?yàn)檎胬硎请S著人類對(duì)宇宙的認(rèn)識(shí)提高而變化的。descendant n. 后裔；子孫adj. 下降的；祖?zhèn)鞯腗ost of them are descendantsof the original English and Scottish settlers.他們大多是最早的英格蘭人和蘇格蘭人的后裔。cherishvt. 珍愛 vt. 懷有（感情等）；抱有（希望等）Rosa and her groom promised to cherish each other thro

7、ugh sickness and health, poverty and richness.羅莎和她的新郎承諾不管疾病或健康、貧窮或富有，都要珍愛對(duì)方。relate vt. 敘述；使 有聯(lián)系 vi. 涉及；認(rèn)同；符合；與 有某種聯(lián)系The two questions are closelyr elated, but will need to be considered separately.這兩個(gè)問題緊密相關(guān)，但需要單獨(dú)考慮。denial n. 否認(rèn)；拒絕；節(jié)制；背棄The minister of finance made a quick denial of the accusation （

8、that he was opposed to tax reforms） .財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)迅速否認(rèn)了他反對(duì)稅收改革的指控。（ that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句）haunt n. 棲息地；常去的地方vt. 常出沒于 ；縈繞于 ；經(jīng)常去 vi. 出沒；作祟That house is thought by many to beh aunted, for families that lived in it all ended up in tragedy.許多人認(rèn)為那座房子鬧鬼，因?yàn)樽≡谀抢锏囊患胰巳家员瘎「娼K。discernvt. 識(shí)別；領(lǐng)悟，認(rèn)識(shí)vi. 看清楚，辨別The guestd iscerned a t

9、race of fatigue in the face of the host. So he quickly took leave. 客人察覺到主人臉上的一絲疲憊，所以很快告別了。combat n. 戰(zhàn)斗；爭(zhēng)論adj. 戰(zhàn)斗的；為 斗爭(zhēng)的 vi. 戰(zhàn)斗；搏斗vt. 反對(duì)；與 戰(zhàn)斗The new prime minister launched a campaign tof ight against corruption immediately after he formed the cabinet.新首相在重組內(nèi)閣后立即發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)打擊腐敗的運(yùn)動(dòng)。Capability(capabilities)

10、n. 才能，能力；性能，容量Recent research has shown that people experience differences in physical and mental abilities to perform depending on the time of the day.最新研究表明，人們的體力和腦力能力隨著一天的不同時(shí)刻而不同。eternal adj. 永恒的；不朽的Some people view life as anu nending conflict between the forces of good and evil.有些人認(rèn)為生活就是善與惡力量之間

11、的永無止境的斗爭(zhēng)。Oppose to (opposed to) 反對(duì)Many people today area gainst the use of fur for fashion.現(xiàn)今許多人反對(duì)用動(dòng)物皮毛做時(shí)裝。outstanding 優(yōu)秀的、有影響力的In the past few years there have appeared quite a few excellent basketball players in CBA such as Wang Zhizhi, Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian.在過去的幾年中，涌現(xiàn)出了不少優(yōu)秀的中國(guó)國(guó)家隊(duì)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，如王治郅、姚明還

12、有易建聯(lián)。stake on 在 .上打賭；把賭注押在.上面The new global positioning system can hardly be inaccurate, or the government would not risk its reputation on backing it.新的全球定位系統(tǒng)幾乎不會(huì)出錯(cuò)，否則政府不會(huì)冒險(xiǎn)支撐它的開發(fā)。no wonder 難怪Its not surprising that you ve got a headache with so much drinking last night.昨晚喝那么多酒，難怪你會(huì)頭痛。in the light

13、of 根據(jù)，按照；當(dāng)作；由于，鑒于Considering the changed circumstance, he urged that the meeting be postponed to the next week.考慮到情況多變，他強(qiáng)烈建議把會(huì)議推遲到下周。discern vt. 識(shí)別；領(lǐng)悟，認(rèn)識(shí)vi. 看清楚，辨別They could see a faint light at the end of the tunnel.他們可以看到隧道盡頭的光很微弱。paralyze (paralyzed) vt. 使麻痹；使癱瘓The drivers strike has brought the

14、region s public transport systemt o a stop.司機(jī)的罷工已使該地區(qū)的公共交通系統(tǒng)陷入癱瘓狀態(tài)。cry out for (crying out for) 迫切需要As it is, the state-owned enterprises are in great need of qualified management personnel.事實(shí)上，國(guó)有企業(yè)迫切需要有資格的管理人員。awake to (awaken to) 意識(shí)到；醒悟Many Asian governments did not realize the perils of heavy bor

15、rowing from abroad until the recent financial crisis.在最近的金融危機(jī)發(fā)生之前，許多亞洲政府沒有意識(shí)到大量借外債的危險(xiǎn)。consequent n. 結(jié)果 adj. 隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的Nola s long illness and resulting absence put her far behind in her work.諾拉長(zhǎng)期生病缺課，導(dǎo)致她學(xué)習(xí)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落在別人后面。sensitive to 對(duì) 敏感，易感覺的A politician who is not keenly aware of the mood of the people

16、is not likely to get many votes.一個(gè)不清楚民眾情緒的政治家不可能獲得很多選票。三、完型To most people, education means schools. But education has many other (1) sources as well the home, the farm, museums, television, advertisements,newspapers and magazines (2), sports events and practical experience. When one thinks of educat

17、ion, it is important to consider (3) all these sources.對(duì)大多數(shù)人而言，教育意味著去學(xué)校上學(xué)。但是，(除了學(xué)校)教育還可以是來自別的方面，如家庭、農(nóng)莊、博物館、電視、廣告、報(bào)紙、雜志，還有體育賽事和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)一想到教育(的內(nèi)涵)， 重要的是要把這些教育之源都考慮在內(nèi)。Since ancient times (4) certain questions have been asked about education.Different societies have answered (5) these questions in very di

18、fferent ways(6). The following are among the questions (7).自古以來有關(guān)教育的問題常被提起。不同的社會(huì)對(duì)這些問題給出了不同的回答。Who shall be educated? Most of the countries of the world offer(8) beginning education to everyone. But opinions differ(9) as to who should receive advanced education. Some countries selecfto r (10) advance

19、d education only those students who have proved themselves(11) to be ready for it. In the United States, the door to (12) advanced education is kepto pen (13) for everyone for as long as possible. Does this “water down” (削弱 ) education by making (14) advanced education “too easy” ? Some people think

20、 so(15), but others do not.教育的對(duì)象是誰(shuí)？世界上的大多數(shù)國(guó)家都對(duì)每個(gè)人提供啟蒙/基礎(chǔ)教育。但是誰(shuí)才應(yīng)該是更高水平的教育的對(duì)象？人們產(chǎn)生了分歧。有些國(guó)家有選擇地對(duì)做好準(zhǔn)備的學(xué)生提供高等教育。例如在美國(guó)，只有學(xué)生證明自己準(zhǔn)備好了，國(guó)家就對(duì)他敞開高等教育的大門。通過使高教變的“太容易”是否削弱了高等教育？有些人同意這一觀點(diǎn)，有些人則不。How should schools be organized? Some countries have as ingle (16) system of schools for everyone, with (17) specializat

21、ion possible within the single system.Others (18) maintain specialized schools, some for students as young (19) as 13. In the United States, there are both public and private (20) schools. The private schools tend to emphasize academic subjectsm ore exclusively than (21) the public schools, which ge

22、nerally offer a broader curriculum (22). Is it better to have different kinds (23)of schools for different kinds of students? Should (24) all children take the same amount (25) of time to go through schools, or(26) should the time be different for different children?學(xué)校應(yīng)該如何組織教學(xué)？有些國(guó)家對(duì)所有的學(xué)生都是同一套教育體系，其中

23、可能含有專業(yè)教學(xué)的內(nèi)容。還有些國(guó)家保留有專業(yè)學(xué)校，有的專業(yè)學(xué)校甚至招生13 歲的孩子。在美國(guó)，公立和私立學(xué)校并存。私立學(xué)校比公立學(xué)校更強(qiáng)調(diào)專業(yè)性很強(qiáng)的課程的學(xué)習(xí)，因此公立學(xué)校的課程設(shè)置更加寬泛。那么給不同的學(xué)生開設(shè)不同的學(xué)校，這樣做是否效果更好？所有的孩子應(yīng)該在學(xué)?；ㄙM(fèi)同樣時(shí)長(zhǎng)去學(xué)習(xí)，還是應(yīng)該給不同的孩子規(guī)定不同時(shí)長(zhǎng)來學(xué)習(xí)？The way those in charge (27)of schools answer these questions depends on their beliefs about what (28) schools are for.管理學(xué)校的那些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們?nèi)绾位卮疬@些問題

24、，都取決于他們把學(xué)?？闯墒怯脕碜鍪裁吹?。四、翻譯 1、我認(rèn)為向他求助時(shí)不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。事實(shí)上，他自己也需要幫助。I don t think it is realistic to turn to him for help. As a matter of fact, he himself is in need of help.2、越來越多的人正在意識(shí)到與空氣污染作斗爭(zhēng)的迫切需要。More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution.3、有明顯的跡象表明一些古老的傳統(tǒng)和價(jià)值觀念不再被年輕人

25、珍視。There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the young people.4、我們?cè)S多人覺得宇宙無限這一概念難以理解。Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.5、因?yàn)樵诜珊鸵?guī)章中有許多漏洞，一小撮投機(jī)倒把者一夜之間暴富就沒有什么奇怪了。There being so many loopholes in the laws and

26、regulations, it is little wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight.6、旅游事業(yè)的空前興旺使這個(gè)從前只住有三百人的邊境小鎮(zhèn)突然繁榮起來。An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people.7、根據(jù)這一信息，該國(guó)已經(jīng)具有制造核武器的能力。In the light of t

27、his information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons.8、他不顧朋友們的反復(fù)警告，把所有的錢都投向了高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)企業(yè)。Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on high-risk ventures.五、詞語(yǔ)替換It is not surprising that the children are excited, this is the first time they ve bee

28、n aboard.(wonder)No wonder that the children are excited, this is the first time theyve been abroad.now that she s got a part-time job, she no longer needs the financial support of her family.(independent of)Now that she s got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family.As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, without considering why th