機械類外文文獻翻譯

1、-. z.文獻翻譯英文原文：NOVEL METHOD OF REALIZING THE OPTIMAL TRANSMISSIONOF THE CRANK-AND-ROCKER MECHANISM DESIGNAbstract:A novel method of realizing the optimal transmission of the crank-and-rocker mechanism is presented. The optimal bination design is made by finding the related optimal transmission parame

2、ters. The diagram of the optimal transmission is drawn. In the diagram, the relation among minimum transmission angle, the coefficient of travel speed variation, the oscillating angle of the rocker and the length of the bars is shown, concisely, conveniently and directly. The method possesses the ma

3、in characteristic. That it is to achieve the optimal transmission parameters under the transmission angle by directly choosing in the diagram, according to the given requirements. The characteristics of the mechanical transmission can be improved to gain the optimal transmission effect by the method

4、. Especially, the method is simple and convenient in practical use.Keywords：Crank-and-rocker mechanism, Optimal transmission angle, Coefficient of travel speed variationINTRODUCTIONBy conventional method of the crank-and-rocker design, it is very difficult to realize the optimal bination between the

5、 various parameters for optimal transmission. The figure-table design method introduced in this paper can help achieve this goal. With given conditions, we can, by only consulting the designing figures and tables, get the relations between every parameter and another of the designed crank-and-rocker

6、 mechanism. Thus the optimal transmission can be realized.The concerned designing theory and method, as well as the real cases of its application will be introduced later respectively.ESTABLISHMENT OF DIAGRAM FOR OPTIMAL TRANSMISSION DESIGN It is always one of the most important inde*es that designe

7、rs pursue to improve the efficiency and property of the transmission. The crank-and-rocker mechanism is widely used in the mechanical transmission. How to improve work ability and reduce unnecessary power losses is directly related to the coefficient of travel speed variation, the oscillating angle

8、of the rocker and the ratio of the crank and rocker. The reasonable bination of these parameters takes an important effect on the efficiency and property of the mechanism, which mainly indicates in the evaluation of the minimum transmission angle. The aim realizing the optimal transmission of the me

9、chanism is how to find the ma*imum of the minimum transmission angle. The design parameters are reasonably bined by the method of lessening constraints gradually and optimizing separately. Consequently, the plete constraint field realizing the optimal transmission is established.The following steps

10、are taken in the usual design method. Firstly, the initial values of the length of rocker and the oscillating angle of rocker are given. Then the value of the coefficient of travel speed variation is chosen in the permitted range. Meanwhile, the coordinate of the fi*ed hinge of crank possibly realiz

11、ed is calculated corresponding to value .Length of bars of crank and rocker mechanismAs shown in Fig.1, left arc is the permitted field of point . The coordinates of point are chosen by small step from point to point .The coordinates of point are (1) (2)where , the step, is increased by small increm

12、ent within range(0,). If the smaller the chosen step is, the higher the putational precision will be. is the radius of the design circle. is the distance from to . (3)Calculating the length of arc and , the length of the bars of the mechanism corresponding to point is obtained1,2.1.2 Minimum transmi

13、ssion angle Minimum transmission angle (see Fig.2) is determined by the equations3 (4) (5) (6)where Length of crank(mm)Length of connecting bar(mm)Length of rocker(mm)Length of machine frame(mm)Firstly, we choose minimum paring with . And then we record all values of greater than or equal to and cho

14、ose the ma*imum of them.Secondly, we find the ma*imum of corresponding to any oscillating angle which is chosen by small step in the permitted range (ma*imum of is different oscillating angle and the coefficient of travel speed variation ).Finally, we change the length of rocker by small step simila

15、rly. Thus we may obtain the ma*imum of corresponding to the different length of bars, different oscillating angle and the coefficient of travel speed variation .Fig.3 is acplished from Table for the purpose of diagram design.It is worth pointing out that whatever the length of rocker is evaluated, t

16、he location that the ma*imum of arises is only related to the ratio of the length of rocker and the length of machine frame /, while independent of .DESIGN METHODRealizing the optimal transmission design given the coefficient of travel speed variation and the ma*imum oscillating angle of the rockerT

17、he design procedure is as follows.(1) According to given and , taken account to the formula the e*treme included angle is found. The corresponding ratio of the length of bars / is obtained consulting Fig.3. (7)(2) Choose the length of rocker according to the work requirement, the length of the machi

18、ne frame is obtained from the ratio /.(3) Choose the centre of fi*ed hinge as the verte* arbitrarily, and plot an isosceles triangle, the side of which is equal to the length of rocker (see Fig.4), and . Then plot , draw , and make angle . Thus the point of intersection of and is gained. Finally, dr

19、aw the circumcircle of triangle .(4) Plot an arc with point as the centre of the circle, as the radius. The arc intersections arc at point . Point is just the centre of the fi*ed hinge of the crank.Therefore, from the length of the crank (8)and the length of the connecting bar (9)we will obtain the

20、crank and rocker mechanism consisted of , , , and .Thus the optimal transmission property is realized under given conditions.2.2 Realizing the optimal transmission design given the length of the rocker (or the length of the machine frame) and the coefficient of travel speed variationWe take the foll

21、owing steps.(1) The appropriate ratio of the bars /can be chosen according to given . Furthermore, we find the length of machine frame (the length of rocker ).(2) The corresponding oscillating angle of the rocker can be obtained consulting Fig.3. And we calculate the e*treme included angle .Then rep

22、eat (3) and (4) in section 2.1DESIGN E*AMPLEThe known conditions are that the coefficient of travel speed variation and ma*imum oscillating angle . The crankandrocker mechanism realizing the optimal transmission is designed by the diagram solution method presented above.First, with Eq.(7), we can ca

23、lculate the e*treme included angle . Then, we find consulting Fig.3 according to the values of and .If evaluate mm, then we will obtain mm.Ne*t, draw sketch(omitted).As result, the length of bars is mm, mm, mm, mm.The minimum transmission angle isThe results obtained by puter are mm, mm, mm, mm.Prov

24、ided that the figure design is carried under the condition of the Auto CAD circumstances, very precise design results can be achieved.CONCLUSIONS A novel approach of diagram solution can realize the optimal transmission of the crank-and-rocker mechanism. The method is simple and convenient in the pr

25、actical use. In conventional design of mechanism, taking 0.1 mm as the value of effective the precision of the ponent sizes will be enough.譯文：認識曲柄搖臂機構(gòu)設(shè)計的最優(yōu)傳動方法摘要：一種曲柄搖臂機構(gòu)設(shè)計的最優(yōu)傳動的方法被提出。這種優(yōu)化組合設(shè)計被用來找出最優(yōu)的傳遞參數(shù)。得出最優(yōu)傳遞圖。在圖中，在極小的傳動角度之間, 滑移速度變化系數(shù)，搖臂的擺動角度和桿的長度被直觀地顯示。 這是這種方法擁有的主要特征。根據(jù)指定的要求，它將傳動角度之下的最優(yōu)傳動參數(shù)直接地表達

26、在圖上。通過這種方法，機械傳動的特性能用以獲取最優(yōu)傳動效果。特別是， 這種方法是簡單和實用的。關(guān)鍵字：曲柄搖臂機構(gòu) 最優(yōu)傳動角度 滑移速度變化系數(shù)0 介紹由曲柄搖臂機構(gòu)設(shè)計的常規(guī)方法, 在各種各樣的參量之間很難找出優(yōu)化組合的最優(yōu)傳動。通過本文介紹的圖面設(shè)計方法可以幫助到達這個目的。在指定的情況下，通過觀查設(shè)計圖面, 我們就能得到每個參量和另外一個曲柄搖臂機構(gòu)設(shè)計之間的聯(lián)系。由因認識最優(yōu)傳動。具體的設(shè)計的理論和方法， 以及它們各自的應(yīng)用事例將在以下介紹。1 優(yōu)化傳動設(shè)計的建立 優(yōu)化傳動的設(shè)計一直是設(shè)計師改良傳輸效率和追求產(chǎn)量的最重要的索引的當(dāng)中一個。曲柄搖臂機構(gòu)被廣泛應(yīng)用在機械傳動中。如何改良工

27、作效率和減少多余的功率損失直接地與滑移速度變化系數(shù)，搖臂的擺動角度和曲柄搖臂的比率有關(guān)系。這些參數(shù)的合理組合采用對機械效率和產(chǎn)量有重要作用, 這些主要表達在極小的傳輸角度上。認識機械優(yōu)化傳動目的是找到極小的傳輸角度的最大值。設(shè)計參數(shù)是適度地減少限制而且分開的合理優(yōu)化方法的結(jié)合。因此，完全限制領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)化傳動建立了。以下步驟被采用在通常的設(shè)計方法。 首先，測量出搖臂的長度和搖臂的擺動角度的初始值。 然后滑移速度變化系數(shù)的值被定在允許的圍。 同時，曲柄固定的鉸接座標(biāo)可能被認為是任意值。1.1 曲柄搖臂機構(gòu)桿的長度由圖Fig.1，左弧是點被允許的領(lǐng)域。點的座標(biāo)的選擇從點到點。點的座標(biāo)是(1)(2)當(dāng)，高度，在range(0 ，) 被逐漸增加。如果選的越小,計算精度將越高。 是設(shè)計圓的半徑。是從到的距離。 (3)計算弧和的長度，機械桿對應(yīng)于點的長度是obtained1,2 。1.2 極小的傳動角度極小的傳動角度 (參見Fig.2) 由equations3確定 (4)(5) (6)由于曲柄的長度(毫米)連桿的長度毫米搖臂的長度毫米機器的長度毫米首先, 我們比擬極小值和。 并且我們記錄所有的值大于或等于，然后選擇他們之間的最大值。第二, 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)最