英語專題：狀語從句

1、 Guessing games: 1When it is heated ,It ll turn into gas,what is it?2 If it is taken half ,It will leave nothing,what number is it ?3Though it is made of gold,It often live on the womans finger,what is it ?What can you find?1 When it is heated ,water turns into gas2 If it is taken half ,8 will leave

2、 nothing3 Though it is made of gold, rings often live on the womans finger狀語從句Enjoy a storyWhat happened to the girl? 故事欣賞：文章有多少種狀語從句，分別屬于哪一種？ My mother was cooking in the kitchen while1 I was doing my school assignments. As soon as2 I finished my homework, I went to get some water to drink. Then th

3、e door bell rang. However, my sister unlocked the door before3I could open it. We were surprised the moment4we saw her because5 her clothes and face were terribly dirty. She looked much poorer than6 we expected. Since7we didnt know what had happened to her, we stood there and waited for my sisters s

4、tory . We wouldnt leave unless8my sister told us all about it. After9my sister got changed, she told us that she fell into a ditch when10she walked on a path on her way to my uncles home in the countryside . She couldnt get out of the ditch. Although11 she cried for help loudly, no one could hear he

5、r. She tried to climb out of it, but, however12 hard she tried, she failed to escape from it. As13time went by, she got worried. After several vain attempts she had to stand where14she was and waited until15a boy student passed by and gave her a hand. The boy reached her a long rope and told her to

6、climb with the rope. She did as16 the boy told , so that17 she came out. My sister also warned us to be careful when18walking on a path even though/if19we are in a great hurry. Thats true. We should mind our step so that20we can ensure our safety.基礎寫作：用狀語從句串編一則故事我媽媽在廚房做飯，而我在做作業(yè)。我一做完作業(yè)就去拿水喝，這時門鈴響了。然而

7、，我還沒來得及打開門，我的妹妹就用鑰匙打開了門。我們看見她時，非常驚訝，因為她的衣服和臉非常臟。她看起來比我們預期的更可憐。因為我們不知道發(fā)生了什么事，我們站在那，等著我妹妹的故事。除非我妹告訴我們關于這一切，否則我們是不會離開的。我妹妹換了衣服之后，就把一切都告訴了我們。她去鄉(xiāng)下的叔叔家的路上不小心掉進了一個水溝里，而且上不來。雖然她大聲求救，但是沒有人能聽到。她試圖爬出來，但是無論她怎么努力，都沒能爬出來。時間一分一秒過去，她開始擔憂起來。幾個徒勞的嘗試之后，她只好站在原處等直到一個男孩經過，幫助了她。男孩把一根長繩索遞給她并叫她拉著繩子爬起來，她按男孩所說的去做，結果就爬出來了。我妹妹也

8、警告我們即使要趕時間，走小路時也要小心。確實這樣，我們走路小心，這樣就可以確保我們的安全。狀語從句狀語時用來修飾 詞， 詞， 詞或 的一種句子成分。它可以表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。當充當狀語的部分是一個句子時，也就是狀語從句。分類如下：動形容副句子什么是狀語？1)He knows how to learn English well. (副詞well作狀語，修飾動詞learn)2)My parents often tell us about their hard life in the past. (副詞often作狀語，修飾動詞tell)3)Her mothe

9、r usually goes out to do some shopping on Sundays. (副詞usually以及介詞短語on Sundays作狀語，修飾動詞goes)4)He will leave for Shanghai the day after tomorrow. (名詞詞組the day after tomorrow作狀語，修飾動詞will leave)5)He came here to see you. (動詞不定式to see you作目的狀語，6)He sat there reading a novel (現(xiàn)在分詞短語reading a novel作狀語修飾動詞sa

10、t)7)If I have some free time, I will study German. (條件狀語從句If I have some free time作狀語) 找出下列句中的狀語 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box under her

11、 arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.狀語從句1. 時間狀語從句2. 地點狀語從句3. 原因狀語從句4. 條件狀語從句5. 讓步狀語從句6. 目的狀語從句7. 結果狀語從句8. 方式狀語從句9. 比較狀語從句引導詞可分為兩部分 as while when whe

12、never before after until (till) since as soon asevery timenext timethe first/timethe momentthe minute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一就) as引導的時間狀語從句, 可以表達“正當”， “一 邊一邊”，“隨著”等意思。1 “正當”表示在某事發(fā)生的過程中，另一事發(fā)生=when 。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 2. “一 邊一邊” 表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。when Helen sang a son

13、g as she washed. 3. 表示“隨著.”.常指一個行為是另一個行為的結果，或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動詞多表示狀態(tài)的發(fā)展變化。whenAs she grew older, she became more beautiful. 1. as, while , when的區(qū)別while+持續(xù)性動詞 進行時e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.e.g. Im going to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamp

14、s for me?e.g. I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym.While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ )He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. (while=whenalthough butWhile 在句中的不同含義:when: 持續(xù)性非

15、持續(xù)性動詞都可當時正在忽然be doing .when 正.這時be about to do .when 正打算.這時e.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her. -When did you get home? -It was eight oclock when I got home.They were walking down the street when they saw an accident.2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.before引導的時間狀

16、語從句 before引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在之前”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之前。 We clean the classroom before we leave school every day. It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。 after引導的時間狀語從句 after引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在之后”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之后。 After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about.用過了塑料袋

17、之后，不準到處亂扔。 since引導的時間狀語從句 since引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“自從”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句常用一般過去時。 例句翻譯：我們自從分手以后一直沒見過面。We havent seen each other since we parted. 常用句型：It has been (is) + 時間段 + since從句 “自從有多長時間了 ”例句翻譯：自從她大學畢業(yè)已經有六年時間了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. 注意1 It is+一段時間+since 從句“自從.有多

18、久”2 It was/will be+一段時間+before 從句“過了.才”3 It was +時間點+when 從句“在時候”4 3 It was +時間段+before 從句“過了.才”1It is three years _ I graduated from high school 2It will be three years _ I graduated from high school 3 It was eight oclock _ I returned home4 It was at eight oclock _ I returned homesincebeforewhentha

19、tuntil/ till引導的時間狀語從句 until / till 引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“直到時”，表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句之前。 Ill stay here until you come back. He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.變?yōu)榈寡b句：變?yōu)閺娬{句型： Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed as soon as引導的時間狀語從

20、句 as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“一就”，表示從句動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作馬上就發(fā)生。 例句：他一回來我就告訴他這件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back. 相當于as soon as 用法的詞或短語還有： on doing sth immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives. Directly I had done it,

21、 I knew I had made a mistake. = on his arriving ,Ill give him your message 其他連詞引導的時間狀語從句 no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/ barelywhen引導時間狀語從句,從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時。當no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。1 I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. = No sooner had I begun to talk than he

22、 rang off. 2 He had hardly fallen into sleep when he went to bed=Hardly had he fallen into sleep when he went to bed一、時間狀語從句在英語中，時間狀語從句的連接詞常常有：when（當.的時候），whenever（每當.），as（當.時）， since（自從.），until（直到.，如果不.），till（直到.），before（在.前），after（在.后），as soon as（一.就），once（一旦.），the moment（一.就），immediately（一.就），the

23、 day（在.那天），no sooner. than（一.就），hardly(scarcely). when（一.就），the instant（一.就），instantly（一.就），directly（一.就），the minute（一.就），the second（一.就），every time（每當.），by the time（等到.的時候）等。1It is three years _ I graduated from high school 2It will be three years _ I graduated from high school 3 It was eight ocloc

24、k _ I returned home4 It was at eight oclock _ I returned homesincebeforewhenthat練一練練一練1.Itwasquiet_thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless 2.Itseemedonlyseconds_theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif 3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate_thebellrang.A

25、.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas 4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.while D.wherever5.Irecognizedyou_Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once 6.Hewasabouttogotobed_thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when 7._Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetin

26、totrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until 8.It_longbeforewe_theresultoftheexperiment. A.willnotbe;willknowB.is;willknowC.willnotbeknowD.is;know9.Whatwasthepartylike? -Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since .9DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes,Igaveittoher_I

27、sawher. A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once10. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute11. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A. when B. until C. before D. since12. _ the

28、 day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While13 -Did you get home a little earlier yesterday? -No. It was six oclock _ we got home. Athat Bwhen Cbefore Dafter14 Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. (2004高考.福建卷) A.

29、 since B. after C. before D. when15 . It was some time _ we realized the truth. (2005山東卷) A. when B. until C. since D. before16 - Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? - He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. (2006 四川) A. before B. until C. when D. after17She thought I was talking about

30、 her daughter, _ ,in fact I was talking about my daughter . Awhom Bwhere Cwhich Dwhile 句子翻譯1我正在街上走著，這時忽然有人從后面拍我的肩膀。（be doing.when)2我們剛到車站，火車就走了。I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.3自從她大學畢業(yè)已

31、經有六年時間了4要過5到6年他才意識到自己的錯誤。It is six years since she graduated from the university. It will be five or six years before he realizes his mistake 5我8點鐘回家了It was eight oclock when I returned homeIt was at eight oclock that I returned home6直到完成家庭作業(yè)他才睡覺He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. Not

32、 until he finished his homework did he go to bed It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed 地點狀語從句用連接副詞 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引導。e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. You can sit wherever you like. d. Wherever you go, Ill be right here wait

33、ing for you.When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him. A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which注意：不要和定語從句相混淆。Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditions aredifficult.(定語從句，有先行詞theplace） Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult. （狀語從句，無先行詞theplace） 1Will

34、you go _ our motherland needs us most after graduation? A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which2 She is so good at playing tabletennis that she can hit the ball _ she wants it to go. A. that B. where C. which D. when3. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a th

35、eatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原因。引導這種從句 常用的連接詞是：because, as, since, now that, for,和considering that, seeing that 這七個連詞都用于表示表示原因, 但在語氣上一個比一個弱。e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.表示“直接”原因。表示“間接的推斷”原因.不可出現(xiàn)在句首。

36、because, since, as, for的區(qū)別:because直接原因語氣最強 回答why的問題。since “既然”表示對方已經知道，無需說明原因。通常放句首as “由于”表示眾所周知的原因，語氣最弱。for “因為”放句中，引導后半句表原因, 或補充推斷的理由。1 _ youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.ANow that BAfter CAlthoughDAs soon as2_ you are unable to answer, perhaps we should ask someone else.

37、ASince BIf CWhen DThat3Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eyes protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. through C. unless D. if4He cant have gone out, _ the light is still on. 條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導：if, u

38、nless (除非), as / so long as (只要), on condition (只要), once ( 一旦), in case (假若) , providing / provided (that)只要 等。e.g. a.Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on t

39、he road. as soon as B. as far asC. as long as D. as well as2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. whether B. untilC. if D. unless3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is. A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When4. -How far

40、apart do they live? -_ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood (居民區(qū)). (2003上海) A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as5The museum will have to be closed _ the government agrees to give extra money. Auntil Bif Cwhen Dunless 在復合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句被稱為讓步狀語從句。常用引導詞：though, although, even if

41、, even though,no matter + 疑問詞(what/ who/ where/ when/ which/ how)疑問詞-ever(whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever)特殊引導詞： as (用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)， while ( 一般用在句首 )， whether or , whether () or notthough, although 誤：Although he is rich, but he is not happy. 正：Although he is rich, yet he i

42、s not happy. 正：Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 要點歸納：though, although當“雖然”講, 都不能和 but 連用. 但是他們都可以同yet (still) 連用. ever if, even thougheven if 和 even though 表示“ ” 即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. as引導讓步狀語從句 as 引導的讓步狀語從句，必須將從句中的 、 、以及謂語中的 提前至從句句首，作表語

43、的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需 。 表語狀語實意動詞省略Hard as he works, he makes little progress. Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Object as you may, Ill go. whether or , whether () or notwhether or , whether or not 表示“不論是否”，“不管是還是”。其引導的從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結果。Whether you believe it or not, it i

44、s true. Youll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy. while 也可以引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”，語氣比though/ although弱。其引導的從句一般位于 。句首例句：我盡管喜歡它的顏色，但不喜歡它的形狀。While I like its color, I dont like its shape. no matter + 疑問詞 疑問詞-everNo matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mi

45、nd. 替換：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 判斷正誤：誤：No matter what you say is of no use now. 正：Whatever you say is of no use now. 歸納：no matter+疑問詞不能引導主語從句和賓語從句，而 “疑問詞+ever”則可以 _ I acc

46、ept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. since C. Before D. Unless2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though3. I really want the match, however much _. A. does

47、it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs4 If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever5._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late

48、he is 6 _ ,he is good at drawing. A.To be a child B.A child as he is C.As a child D.Child as he is7 We wont give up_ we should fail ten times.(NMET) A. even if B. since C. whether D. until8Busy _ he was, he tried his best to help you.A. as B. when C. since D. for引導目的狀語從句的連詞:in order that 用于正式文體中，所引從

49、句可于主句前或后。so thata. 較常用，一般用于主句后,有時可分開，so 有時可省; 從句中要有情態(tài)動詞, 否則, 就成為下一種句型：b. 無情態(tài)動詞則引導結果狀語從句。for fear that; in case（以防）; lest (以免)等。e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better. b. I shall write it down lest I should forget. 注意：當從句與主句的主語一致時，可用 so as to do 或 in order to do e.g. He ran fast

50、 so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.1Read it aloud _ the class can hear you.A. so that B. if C. when D. although2Bring it nearer _ I may see it better.A. although B. even though C. so that D. since3Roses need special care _ they can l

51、ive through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as4 I dare not go there _ my parents will see me. A. in case of B. for fear of C. in order that D. for fear that結果狀語從句常位于主句之后，由 so, so that, such that; so that 等引導。 a. So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him. b. The bus broke dow

52、n so that we had to walk home. c. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.d. He got to the station finally, only to find the train had left.1 She was _ tired _ she could not move an inch.A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as2He has _ little education _ he is unable to find a

53、 job.；and3 _ that none of us could follow him. A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak句子翻譯1.盡管天氣變冷了，他們還是像以前一樣努力工作。2.即使你會失敗，你也應該盡你的努力去完成工作。3.我們必須帶雨衣，以防天下雨。4. 據(jù)我所知，英文語法中沒有這樣一條規(guī)定。 Although the weather got cold, they worked as hard as before. Even if (even thou

54、gh) you fail, you should do your best to finish your work.We must take raincoat in case it rainsAs far as I know, there is not such a rule in English grammar.5. 請把前門的鑰匙放在我們容易找到的地方。6. 我剛告訴他這個消息，他就哭起來。7. 你越是努力學習英語，你說英語就會越好。8. 除非天下雨，否則飛機將正點起飛。 Please put the key to the front door where we can find it e

55、asily. No sooner had I told him the news than he began to cry. The harder you study English, the better you speak it. The plane will take off on time unless it rains.9. 我們早晨早點走，以便我們能及時趕到機場。10. 當我們聽到老師告訴我們的那個消息，我們都激動得睡不著覺11. 乘務員怕旅客不明白，她又解釋了一遍。We set off early in the morning in order that/so that we c

56、an arrive at the airport in time. When we heard that news which the teacher had told us, we all were so excited that we couldnt go to sleep.The stewardess explained again for fear that/in case the passengers could not understand.描述主句動作進行方式的狀語被稱為方式狀語。通常用下列詞語引導: as, just as, as if, as though, the way

57、(that), in the way (that)等。 a. We must do as the Party tells us. b. Leave the things as they are. c. Most plants need sunlight just as they need water. d. It sounds as if it is raining. e. They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他們以我從沒見過的方式行事。 f. As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我們離

58、不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水1If things are left _ they are, the problems will never be settled, Im afraid. A. how B. as C. what D. where2. Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed. A. like B. so C. which D. as比較狀語從句常由下列詞語引導： as as, not so / as as, mor

59、ethan, less than, the more + adj. / adv., the more + adj. / adv.a. He is not so / as healthy as his brother. b. They jumped up and down as hard as they could. c. John is less clever than Peter.d. The busier he is, the happier he feels.e. The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.f. Send f

60、or a doctor as soon as (it is ) possible.“as” 用于不同的狀語從句中1. She sang as she worked2. Smart as he is ,he doesnt study hard.3. You must try to do as I did.4. She doesnt do her work as carefully as I.5. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.一邊.一邊 盡管按照和.一樣由于1John plays football _ ,if not better