MFC 程序設(shè)計與 C++相關(guān)技術(shù)計算機畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯

1、MFC Programming and C + + related technologiesMFC, Microsoft Foundation Classes (Microsoft Foundation Classes), is actually provided by Microsoft for the C + + environment for writing applications in a framework and engine, VC + + is to Windows, developers use professional C + + SDK (SDK, Standard S

2、oftWare Develop Kit, professional software development platform), MFC is hung on it a supporting software development kit, MFC, as with the VC + + flesh and blood portion (Note C + + and VC + + differences: C + + is a programming language, is a we acknowledge the preparation of the general specifica

3、tion of software, and VC + + is a compiler, or a compiler + source code editor IDE, WS, PlatForm, which Pascal and Delphis relationship with a truth, Pascal was the language of Delphi basic, Delphi Pascal specification for use under Win application development and compilation, but VB is different fr

4、om the relationship between language and Basic, Basic language is developed in VB applications language has become the new norm Basic, VB newly added Basic language elements, such as the elements of object-oriented programming is a qualitative leap forward, so that both a VB IDE, and grow into a new

5、 programming language), MFC integration with BC + + VCL is a non-plug type as package, class library, but Microsoft MFC class is designed for the distribution of VC + + . Win API and MFC is a combination of C + +, API, that Microsofts Windows, the application programming language interface, is a sof

6、tware programming specifications, but is not a programming language itself, can allow users to use a variety of third parties (such as the I side, Microsoft is a party, Borland is the third party to) programming language for applications on Windows, the development of these applications were develop

7、ed to run in Windows, such as VB, VC + +, Java , Delhpi essentially all of the programming language function from the API, so using them to develop applications that can work out the message in the Windows system and graphics, the compliance with Windows as an operating systems internal implementati

8、on, it is also a necessity, Microsoft If you do not provide API, this world of Windows programming job would not exist, Microsofts product will quickly become a garbage from the fashion, the above mentioned API function, MFC is a Microsoft proprietary C + + package, which allows users to combine the

9、 one hand, Microsofts Professional C + + SDK for Windows, application development easier, because MFC is the API package, Microsoft has done a lot of work, hiding a lot of application developers in Windows, using C + + & MFC preparation software for a large number of the section, such as the impleme

10、ntation of the message processing applications, equipment, environmental graphics, this combination is convenient for the purpose, we must pay the price (which is Microsofts style has always been), and therefore created a MFC class in the package of a certain degree of redundancy and circuitous, but

11、 this is acceptable .Finally, understand that MFC is not just a function of simple interface development system, which provides most of the classes used to interface development, associated with a window of the action, but it provides a lot of class in the class is not associated with a window that

12、the categories The role is not an interface class does not implement the control of a window object (such as the creation, destruction), but some in Windows (using MFC vast majority of programs written to run in Windows) to implement the internal processing of the class, such as database management

13、etc., the study should be most time consuming is the message and the device environment, C + + and MFC to learn the most difficult part is the pointer, C + + object-oriented programming in other parts, such as data types, flow control both is not difficult, it is recommended to learn C + + version o

14、f the data structure. MFC encapsulates Microsofts API. What does that mean? As a provider of powerful windows application programming interface to the operating system, programmers do a lot of convenience, the traditional win32 development (direct interface functions with windows API) for programmer

15、s is very difficult because, API functions too more, and the name of the mess, from zero to a window frame is easily hundreds of lines of code. MFC is the object-oriented programming and the perfect combination of Application framework, he would have been classified in the traditional API package, a

16、nd created a program for you general framework MFC is Windows API package, which greatly simplifies our work; learn VC is mainly to learn MFC, there are about 100 classes, but also commonly used in twenty or thirty. Back four words should be the same as those commonly used in class get to know; of c

17、ourse, do not memorize, to help by looking to see examples, hands-on exercises to learn them; Moreover, not every class have to learn all the functions within, to accumulate. If you really want to be a master, to be a laptop think it is important to their classes, functions, down, ready to learn, bu

18、t also a good spot method. Programming Advantages With the innovation of programming languages, MFC shortcomings become increasingly prominent. The most important entry barrier is higher relative to other languages, but also to complete a task relatively large amount of code. The original advantages

19、, such as running speed, etc., but also because of other programming languages and personal computers continue to improve computing speed increases appear less prominent. MFC seems bad to worse. MFC is really no advantage, but it? No, the face of the underlying process, it is very easy with the comb

20、ination of Windows API or driver is in your own code to use API functions directly, while the API and driver information are based on C language-based, which makes VC programmersto more easily use Windows API. This has a very interesting phenomenon, that is, when the VC started to pay more to the pr

21、ogrammer to learn, but once mastered, the development of other areas of the program or using third-party software, such as industrial control procedures, the underlying The programs are written in C language, but rather VC programmers can quickly grasp the field of programming. And many other progra

22、mming languages can not even find relevant information. This shows that VC (MFC) is actually an entry difficult, but very easy to learn the language extension framework. If only limited to one area, then VC is no advantage at all, but if you develop a new field of application or the program involves

23、 a number of application areas, it can reduce the frequency of repetition and difficulty, VC (MFC) of the benefits will immediately apparent. Language development C + + language development can be divided into three stages: The first stage, from 80 to 1995. This phase is basically C + + language is

24、the traditional type of object-oriented language, and by virtue of the efficiency of close to C language, developed for use in the industrial sector accounts for a significant language share; The second phase from 1995 to 2000, this stage as the Standard Template Library (STL) and later the Boost li

25、braries such as the emergence of generic programming in C + +, the proportion of occupied more and more sexual. Of course, the same as Java, C # and other languages and the emergence of large-scale hardware prices drop, C + + has been some impact; The third stage, from 2000 to date, due to Loki, MPL

26、 and other libraries as the representative of generative programming and template meta programming there, C + + appeared in the history and development of a new peak, and the emergence of these new technologies and the original technology integration, so that C + + has become the main programming la

27、nguage of the most complex one C + + Getting Started C + + is a language, merely its syntax, features, standard library already is a very advanced courses, so the time to start learning, we must first lay a solid foundation. There are a lot of the Visual C + + book, although it may take 1-2 chapters

28、 to introduce the basic characteristics of C + +, but that will not let you get started. Therefore, beginners should choose to learn C + + for C + + language itself, books, and can not be for the Visual C + +, MFC or Windows APIs. Learning C + + should be easy to difficult, step by step. Often said

29、that before learning C + + should learn C language before. In fact it is not necessary, C + + and C language, while a relationship, it is still two different languages. Of course, before learning C + + programming language to learn than others is very good. C + + that make learning faster, after all

30、, a lot of computer language concepts are interlinked. As for the zero-based beginners, you should stop and do not become impatient. To become a master of C + + is not so easy to take great efforts. From the introductory textbook of choice, mainly to see the learners own situation. If you have had h

31、igh-level language learning experience, it is recommended that use of Transplantation and Hemopurification the C + + programming. Note that 2004 edition, 2006 edition of the book is a castrated version, up to the object-oriented. Although C and C + + are similar, but has been said before, C and C +

32、+ should be used to learn two languages, so that the contents of 06 to a little bit lacking. Transplantation and Hemopurification 04 edition of this book is more structured, and organized is also very clear. If the basis of other high-level language, then the estimated half a year of C + + will be a

33、ble to have a understanding of the profile. Transplantation and Hemopurification teachers book has become the major institutions of higher education textbooks, are more subject to recognized. If you start from the zero-based learning C + +, it is recommended to use Pan Jiajie of learn C + +. This bo

34、ok is a book in 2008, I heard a student was studying the time to write. Book online, download a free electronic version. This book is mainly for beginners, put it is also more interesting to compare those who can interest in learning. So there is no basis for the beginner This book is also a good ch

35、oice, just want to quickly become the master, may be reading this book is not enough. As for the book after reading the entry, you should see some high-level book. Such as The C + + Programming Language and C + + Primer, but also able to STL, MFC, API and other direction. If you are interested in ot

36、her languages, but also to look at C # and Java, C + + they are a lot of concepts from grammar and are similar.The design principles of C + + C + + designed as a static type, and C as efficient and portable multi-purpose programming language. C + + designed to support direct and wide variety of prog

37、ramming styles (procedural programming, data abstraction, object-oriented programming, generic programming). C + + is designed to give programmers more choice, even if the wrong choice could lead to program designers. C + + designed to be compatible as possible with C, whereby a C to C + + from the

38、smooth transition. C + + to avoid limited or no general-purpose platform features. C + + does not use the features will bring additional costs. C + + is designed without complex programming environment.MFC 程序設(shè)計與 C+相關(guān)技術(shù)MFC,微軟基礎(chǔ)類(Microsoft Found ndation Classes),實際上是微軟提供的,用于 在 C+環(huán)境下編寫應(yīng)用程序的一個框架和引擎,VC+是

39、 Windows 下開發(fā)人員使用的專 業(yè) C+ SDK(SDK,Standard SoftWare Develop Kit,專業(yè)軟件開發(fā)平臺),MFC 就是掛 在它之上的一個輔助軟件開發(fā)包,MFC 作為與 VC+血肉相連的部分(注意 C+和 VC+ 的 區(qū) 別 :C+是 一 種 程 序 設(shè) 計 語 言 ,是 一 種 大 家 都 承 認 的 軟 件 編 制 的 通 用 規(guī) 范 ,而 VC+只是一個編譯器,或者說是一種編譯器+源程序編輯器的 IDE,WS,PlatForm,這 跟 Pascal 和 Delphi 的關(guān)系一個道理,Pascal 是 Delphi 的語言基礎(chǔ),Delphi 使用 Pas

40、cal 規(guī)范來進行 Win 下應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)和編譯,卻不同于 Basic 語言和 VB 的關(guān) 系,Basic 語言在 VB 開發(fā)出來被應(yīng)用的年代已經(jīng)成了 Basic 語言的新規(guī)范,VB 新加 的 Basic 語言要素,如面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計的要素,是一種性質(zhì)上的飛躍,使 VB 既是一 個 IDE,又成長成一個新的程序設(shè)計語言),MFC 同 BC+集成的 VCL 一樣是一個非外掛 式的軟件包,類庫,只不過 MFC 類是微軟為 VC+專配的. MFC 是 Win API 與 C+的結(jié)合,API,即微軟提供的 Windows 下應(yīng)用程序的編程語 言接口,是一種軟件編程的規(guī)范,但不是一種程序開發(fā)語言本身,

41、可以允許用戶使用 各種各樣的第三方(如我是一方,微軟是一方,Borland 就是第三方)的編程語言來進 行對 Windows 下應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā),使這些被開發(fā)出來的應(yīng)用程序能在 Windows 下運 行,比如 VB,VC+,Java,Delhpi 編程語言函數(shù)本質(zhì)上全部源于 API,因此用它們開發(fā) 出來的應(yīng)用程序都能工作在 Windows 的消息機制和繪圖里,遵守 Windows 作為一個 操 作 系 統(tǒng) 的 內(nèi) 部 實 現(xiàn) , 這 其 實 也 是 一 種 必 要 , 微 軟 如 果 不 提 供 API, 這 個 世 上 對 Windows 編程的工作就不會存在,微軟的產(chǎn)品就會迅速從時尚變成垃圾

42、,上面說到 MFC 是微軟對 API 函數(shù)的專用 C+封裝,這種結(jié)合一方面讓用戶使用微軟的專業(yè) C+ SDK 來進行 Windows 下應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)變得容易,因為 MFC 是對 API 的封裝,微軟做 了大量的工作,隱藏了好多程序開發(fā)人員在 Windows 下用 C+ & MFC 編制軟件時的 大量內(nèi)節(jié),如應(yīng)用程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)消息的處理,設(shè)備環(huán)境繪圖,這種結(jié)合是以方便為目的的, 必定要付出一定代價(這是微軟的一向作風),因此就造成了 MFC 對類封裝中的一定 程度的的冗余和迂回,但這是可以接受的. 最后要明白 MFC 不只是一個功能單純的界面開發(fā)系統(tǒng),它提供的類絕大部分用來 進行界面開發(fā),關(guān)聯(lián)一個窗

43、口的動作,但它提供的類中有好多類不與一個窗口關(guān)聯(lián), 即類的作用不是一個界面類,不實現(xiàn)對一個窗口對象的控制(如創(chuàng)建,銷毀),而是一 些在 Windows(用 MFC 編寫的程序絕大部分都在 Windows 中運行)中實現(xiàn)內(nèi)部處理的 類,如數(shù)據(jù)庫的管理類等,學習中最應(yīng)花費時間的是消息和設(shè)備環(huán)境,對 C+和 MFC 的 學習中最難的部分是指針,C+面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計的其它部分,如數(shù)據(jù)類型,流程控 制都不難,建議學習數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu) C+版。MFC 是微軟封裝了的 API。什么意思呢？windows 作為一個提供功能強大的應(yīng)用 程序接口編程的操作系統(tǒng)，的確方便了許多程序員，傳統(tǒng)的 win32 開發(fā)（直接使用 w

44、indows 的接口函數(shù) API） 對于程序員來說非常的困難， 因為， API 函數(shù)實在太多了， 而且名稱很亂，從零構(gòu)架一個窗口動輒就是上百行的代碼。MFC 是面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè) 計與 Application framework 的完美結(jié)合，他將傳統(tǒng)的 API 進行了分類封裝，并且 為你創(chuàng)建了程序的一般框架， MFC 是對 WindowsAPI 的封裝， 大大簡化了我們的工作； VC 主要就是要學 MFC， 學 大約有 100 多個類，但常用的也就二三十個。應(yīng)該象背 4 級單詞一樣將這些常用類 搞懂；當然不要死記，要通過看幫助、看例子、動手練習來學會它們；而且，并非 每個類的內(nèi)部的所有函數(shù)都要學會

45、，要日積月累。如果真的想成為高手，做個筆記 本把自己認為重要的類、函數(shù)記下來，隨時學習，也是很好的突擊方法。 編程優(yōu)勢 隨著編程語言的推陳出新，MFC 一些缺點日益突出。最重要的就是入門門檻相對 其他語言要高，而且同樣完成一個任務(wù)代碼量相對較多。而原有的優(yōu)勢如運行速度 快等，也因為其他編程語言的日臻完善和個人電腦的運算速度增加而顯得不那么突 出。MFC 似乎江河日下。但是 MFC 真的沒有任何優(yōu)勢了嗎？不是，面對底層程序， 它能很輕松的與 Windows API 或驅(qū)動程序結(jié)合，就是在自己的代碼中直接使用 API 函數(shù)，而 API 和驅(qū)動程序的資料都是以 C 語言為基礎(chǔ)的，這使得 VC 程序員

46、能夠更 輕松的使用 Windows API。這樣造成了一個很有意思的現(xiàn)象，即入門時 VC 程序員要 付出更多的努力來學習，但是一旦掌握后，開發(fā)其他領(lǐng)域的程序或使用第三方軟件 時，如工業(yè)控制類的程序，由于底層的程序都是用 C 語言編寫，反倒是 VC 程序員 能夠更快的掌握該領(lǐng)域的編程技術(shù)。而很多其他的編程語言甚至找不到相關(guān)的資 料。這就說明 VC（MFC）實際上是一種入門困難，但是擴展學習卻很輕松的語言框 架。如果既限于某一領(lǐng)域的話 VC 毫無優(yōu)勢可言，但是如果開發(fā)一個新的領(lǐng)域的應(yīng) 用程序或者該程序涉及多個應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的話， 可減少重復學習的頻率和難度， （MFC） VC 的優(yōu)勢會立刻顯現(xiàn)出來。語言

47、發(fā)展 C+語言發(fā)展大概可以分為三個階段： 第一階段第6/8頁 從 80 年代到 1995 年。這一階段 C+語言基本上是傳統(tǒng)類型上的面向 對象語言，并且憑借著接近 C 語言的效率，在工業(yè)界使用的開發(fā)語言中占據(jù)了相 當大份額； 第二階段從 1995 年到 2000 年， 這一階段由于標準模板庫(STL)和后來的 Boost 等程序庫的出現(xiàn)，泛型程序設(shè)計在 C+中占據(jù)了越來越多的比重性。當然，同時由 于 Java、C#等語言的出現(xiàn)和硬件價格的大規(guī)模下降，C+受到了一定的沖擊； 第三階段從 2000 年至今，由于以 Loki、MPL 等程序庫為代表的產(chǎn)生式編程和 模板元編程的出現(xiàn)，C+出現(xiàn)了發(fā)展歷史

48、上又一個新的高峰，這些新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)以 及和原有技術(shù)的融合，使 C+已經(jīng)成為當今主流程序設(shè)計語言中最復雜的一員。 C+入門 C+ 入門 C+是一種語言，僅僅是它的語法、特性、標準類庫就已經(jīng)是一門非常高深的 課程，所以在開始學習的時候，必須先要打好基礎(chǔ)。在市面上有很多 Visual C+ 的書， 雖然其中可能會花 1-2 章來介紹 C+的基本特性， 但是那絕對不會讓你入門。 因此，初學者學習 C+應(yīng)該選擇針對 C+語言本身的書籍，而不能是針對 Visual C+、MFC 或者 Windows API 的。 學習 C+應(yīng)該由易至難，循序漸進。以前經(jīng)常有人說學習 C+之前應(yīng)該學習 C 語言。事實上那不

49、是必須的，C+和 C 語言雖然有關(guān)系，但仍然是兩種不同的語言。 當然，在學習 C+之前學習過其他編程語言是很有好處的。那會使學習 C+的速度 更快，畢竟很多計算機語言的概念都是相通的。而對于零基礎(chǔ)的初學者來說，則 是應(yīng)該靜下心來，不要急躁。要成為 C+的高手，不是那么容易的，必須要花很大 的努力。 從入門教材的選擇上，主要看學習者的自身情況。如果已經(jīng)有過學習高級語言 的經(jīng)歷，那么推薦使用譚浩強的C+程序設(shè)計 。注意是 04 年版的，06 年版的那 本書是閹割版，上來就面向?qū)ο?。雖然說 C 和 C+是相似的，但是前面已經(jīng)說了， C 和 C+應(yīng)該作為兩種語言來學習，所以 06 年的那本內(nèi)容就稍微欠

50、缺一點了。譚 浩強 04 版的這本書內(nèi)容比較規(guī)整的，條理也很清晰。如果有過其他高級語言的基 礎(chǔ)，那么估計半年就能對 C+的概況有個了解了。譚浩強老師的書已經(jīng)成為了全國 各大高等院校的教科書，是比較受到認可的。如果是從零基礎(chǔ)開始學 C+， 那么推薦使用潘嘉杰的 易學 C+ 這本書是 2008 。 年出的新書，聽說是個學生在讀書的時候?qū)懙?。這本書網(wǎng)上有下載免費的電子版。 這本書主要就是針對初學者的，講得也比較生動有趣，比較提得起學習的興趣。 所以沒有基礎(chǔ)的初學者選這本書也是不錯的，就是想要很快成為高手，可能看這 本書還不夠。 至 于 看 完 入 門 的 書 之 后 ， 就 應(yīng) 該 看 一 些 高

51、層 次 的 書 了 。 比 如 The C+ Programming Language 和 C+ Primer，同時也可以向 STL、MFC、API 等各個方向 發(fā)展。如果對別的語言感興趣，還能去看看 C#和 Java，它們和 C+從語法和很多 概念上都是類似的。 C+設(shè)計原則 C+ 設(shè)計原則 C+設(shè)計成靜態(tài)類型、和 C 同樣高效且可移植的多用途程序設(shè)計語言。 C+設(shè)計成直接的和廣泛的支援多種程序設(shè)計風格（程序化程序設(shè)計、資料 抽象化、面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計、泛型程序設(shè)計） 。 C+設(shè)計成給程序設(shè)計者更多的選擇，即使可能導致程序設(shè)計者選擇錯誤。 C+設(shè)計成盡可能與 C 兼容，籍此提供一個從 C 到

52、C+的平滑過渡。 C+避免平臺限定或沒有普遍用途的特性。 C+不使用會帶來額外開銷的特性。 C+設(shè)計成無需復雜的程序設(shè)計環(huán)境內(nèi)部資料僅供參考9JWKffwvG#tYM*Jg&6a*CZ7H$dq8KqqfHVZFedswSyXTy#&QA9wkxFyeQ!djs#XuyUP2kNXp6X4NGpP$vSTT#UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3

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