介詞關(guān)系代詞定從解讀課件

1、介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞只代人who, whom, 只代物which,人和物whose, thatwhere, when，why關(guān)系副詞When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which關(guān)系副詞與介詞+關(guān)系代詞的替代考點(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞1、找出定語從句中是否主語和賓語、表語都齊全。如齊全用關(guān)系副詞。 用什么關(guān)系副詞看先行詞。I will never forget the d

2、ays (_ I stayed with you).whenJurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps different Kinds of dinosaurs).where1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film).Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success).whenwhyMorning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud).

3、whenDo you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）where2、如定語從句中缺賓語，確定定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是不是及物 動(dòng)詞，如是，用關(guān)系代詞，如不是，用關(guān)系副詞。考點(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ the great writer used to live._where in whichThe house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_Luck

4、ily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake. whowhom that /_My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen3、如定語從句中謂語結(jié)構(gòu)是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，有主語，則用關(guān)系副詞,沒有主語，用關(guān)系代詞。Kunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _ ( ne

5、w China was founded).whenThe window ( _ was opened this morning) has been broken.Which thatThe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.Which that考點(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句【知識(shí)點(diǎn)1】直接位于介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞只能是which或whom，構(gòu)成介詞+which（指物）；介詞+whom（指人）兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a f

6、amous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭 配來決定。如何選用介詞？1. Do y

7、ou know the girl_ our head teacher is talking ?2. I cant find my dictionary _I paid over $100 .3. This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.4. She is the teacher _all his students show respect .5. The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute.to/with/about whom for which on whichto who

8、mfor whomtalking to/with /about the girlpay for the dictionaryspend money on the carshow respect to the teacherwaiting for the teacher2)根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣來決定。1.I never forget the days during which I studied hard. 2.I never forget the day on which I went to college.3.I never forget the year in which I went t

9、o college. Air, _ which man cant live, is really important.根據(jù)定語從句所表達(dá)的意義來確定withoutThe pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.with1) The German boss_ the actress works is a kind person.2) The person _ _ the speaker works likes singing.3) The pen friend _ the poet writes is good at literatur

10、e.for whomwith whomto whom4).看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配 He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.withIs this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?【知識(shí)點(diǎn)2】有一些動(dòng)詞短語中的介詞是固定搭配，不可以拆開，一般還是放在動(dòng)語之后，不提前l(fā)ook for/after/forward

11、 to, care for(照顧，喜歡）hear of/about/from, take care of等.：【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)3】 直接位于介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略，但如果將介詞移于句子末尾而不位于關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，可省?！纠縏he man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famo

12、us runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)4】

13、關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 可以相應(yīng)地轉(zhuǎn)化為：介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠縏his is the house where I lived two years ago.=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I dont know the reason why he said so.=I dont know

14、the reason for which he said so.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)5】注意復(fù)雜介詞短語+which或whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句，是高考考查熱點(diǎn)?！纠縏hey finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)6】不定代詞+of+ which/ whom 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可化為of+ which/ whom+ 不定代詞 結(jié)構(gòu)；這

15、也是高考常考點(diǎn)。其中用到的不定代詞有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等?！纠縏here are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher.【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which

16、none) is interesting. The old woman has two sons, _ are teachers.（兩個(gè)都是）both of whomWe have three foreign teachers, _are from Canada. (其中的兩個(gè)）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)7】數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)） two of whomThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of whichB. which of C. of

17、them D. of that 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)8】形容詞最高級(jí)+介詞+關(guān)系代詞China has thousands of islands, _ is Taiwan Island.（其中最大的）the largest of which【知識(shí)點(diǎn)9】關(guān)系代詞 whose既可以指人也可以指物，whose+名詞 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 the+名詞+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名詞結(jié)構(gòu)；of 表所屬關(guān)系?！纠縄 live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which

18、the windows are all broken.= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.= This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)10】介詞+關(guān)系副詞介詞后不一定只能接關(guān)系代詞，可能會(huì)接關(guān)系副詞，主要取決于介詞及句子意思

19、，常見的是from where 和since when?！纠縃e used to live in London, from where he came .【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.特殊用法：先行詞是the way的時(shí)候，關(guān)系詞用in which,that或不填I(lǐng) dont like the way in which he speaks to his mother. I dont like the way that he s

20、peaks to his mother. I dont like the way he speaks to his mother.1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is t

21、he reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞介詞+關(guān)系詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets into the subway, _he believes that he can go to the wild.A. whichB. from what C. througwhichD. that2Many people who ha

22、d seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. thatB. by which C. whichD. in which 3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _ I owe all my success.A. which B. that C. to which D. by whichCDC4.Can you tell me where Peter lives?Over t

23、here. The two storey house,_there is a garden.A. near it B. from which C. in front of it D. in front of which 5. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _ up to half will be from overseas.Ain which B for whom Cwith which Dof whom6.There are two small rooms in the house, served as a kitche

24、n.A. the smaller of whichB. the small of whichC. the smaller of themD. smallest of whichDDB7.I have many friends, _some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom8.China is the birthplace of kites, _ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A. from that B. from whereC. from there D. from here9.For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from