液壓挖掘機(jī)培訓(xùn)教材和主要參數(shù)

1、 液壓挖掘機(jī)培訓(xùn)教材和主要參數(shù)液壓挖掘機(jī)培訓(xùn)教材和主要參數(shù)一 概論 general Introduction1 定義：挖掘機(jī)是一種主要用于開挖土石方的施工機(jī)械。Definition : An excavator is used in the excavation of earth and construction machinery2 工作過程：它是用鏟斗上的斗齒切削土壤并裝入斗內(nèi)，裝滿土后提升鏟斗并回轉(zhuǎn)到卸土地點(diǎn)卸土，然后再使轉(zhuǎn)臺回轉(zhuǎn)、鏟斗下降到挖掘面，進(jìn)行下一次挖掘。Working Scoop :It uses the tooth of the bucket to cut soil and

2、 packed inside the bucket.Fill the bucket with soil and upgrade back to the point of dumping, and then rotate the platform, drop the bucket to the tap surface,then the next excavation.3 用途：挖掘機(jī)在建筑、筑路、水利、電力、采礦、石油、天然氣管道鋪設(shè)和軍事工程中被廣泛地使用。Excavators uses : in building roads, water, power, mining, oil and ga

3、s pipeline laying project has been the widespread use of the military.SANY GROUP4 主要作業(yè)對象：挖掘機(jī)主要用于筑路工程中的路基開挖，建筑工程中開挖基礎(chǔ)，水利工程中開挖溝渠、運(yùn)河和疏浚河道，在采石場、露天開采等工程中剝離和礦石的挖掘等。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，工程施工中約60的土石方量是靠挖掘機(jī)完成的。Main operating target for major highway projects : the excavator used in subgrade excavation, construction excavatio

4、n foundation Excavation of water ditches, canals and river dredging, quarries,opencast mining projects such as stripping and ore mining.According to statistics, about 60% of earthwork construction is completed by the excavator5 其它用途：挖掘機(jī)更換工作裝置后還可進(jìn)行澆筑、起重、安裝、打樁、夯土和拔樁等作業(yè)。Other uses : replacement of the

5、devices also catch excavators, cranes, the installation of the pile, Ramming and the Diocesan piling operations.SANY GROUP6 工作條件 Working conditions6.1 液壓挖掘機(jī)正常工作環(huán)境溫度為-2055。Hydraulic excavators normal working temperature: -20 C 55 C6.2 液壓挖掘機(jī)應(yīng)能在級土壤中正常作業(yè)，對凍土層和巖石，需松裂和爆破后方可施工，且須使用巖石型鏟斗進(jìn)行作業(yè)；巖石型鏟斗斗齒須滿足JG/T

6、90-1999 的要求. soil hydraulic excavator should be able to work normally, and the rock layer of permafrost, and the need to split the song blasting before construction.Rock requires the use of bucket for operations; Rock Bucket Tooth JG/T 90-1999 must meet the requirementsSANY GROUP6.3 輪胎式挖掘機(jī)在巖石工況作業(yè)時(shí)，對

7、輪胎進(jìn)行必要的保護(hù)。 Tire excavator is operated in rock condition, the tires should have necessary protection.6.4 海拔3000 m能正常工作。 altitude of 3,000 m work normally6.5 能在沙漠、鹽堿地區(qū)工作。 Work normally in the desert, saline district6.6 適于各種濕度地區(qū)工作，最大相對濕度要滿足100。In humidity areas,they are also suitable for all kinds of w

8、ork, to meet 100% relative humidity.SANY GROUPSANY GROUP 二 挖掘機(jī)的發(fā)展史The history of the excavatorsdevelopmentSANY GROUP2.1 國外挖掘機(jī)的發(fā)展史1）1837年第一臺挖掘機(jī)在美國誕生-以蒸汽作動力的動力鏟2）1900年第一臺以柴油機(jī)作動力的挖掘機(jī)問世3）1954年第一臺全液壓挖掘機(jī)在德國出現(xiàn)4）1961年日本從歐美引進(jìn)了液壓挖掘機(jī)技術(shù)5）1985年第一臺全電腦控制的液壓挖掘機(jī)在日本出現(xiàn)Excavator foreign history of the development:1837

9、the first excavator in the United States was born-to steam-driven power shovel in 1900 the first diesel engine to power for the excavator madeIn 1954 first hydraulic excavator in German In 1961 Japan introduced a hydraulic excavator technical from Europe and the United States In 1985 the first of al

10、l computer-controlled hydraulic excavators was come into being in JapanSANY GROUP2.2 國內(nèi)挖掘機(jī)的發(fā)展史1）1954年生產(chǎn)出第一臺機(jī)械式挖掘機(jī)2）1960年開始研制液壓挖掘機(jī)3）1970年以后測繪國外樣機(jī)仿制全液壓挖掘機(jī)取得成功4）1982年起挖掘機(jī)行業(yè)第一次全面引進(jìn)德國公司的液壓挖掘機(jī)技術(shù)及配套件技術(shù)The history of the development of domestic excavator in 1954 produced the first mechanical digger in 1960

11、began developing hydraulic excavator in 1970 after mapping foreign prototype hydraulic excavator successful imitation since 1982 Excavator the first German company to import the technology and accessories hydraulic excavator technologySANY GROUP5）1990年機(jī)械工業(yè)部組織引進(jìn)日本小松液壓挖掘機(jī)技術(shù)6）1990年玉柴研制成功了機(jī)重噸的微型挖掘機(jī)7）199

12、3年國外二手機(jī)開始在中國內(nèi)地大量銷售使用8）1995年-1998年國外10家著名公司開始在中國建合資與獨(dú)資企業(yè)9）1998年上海建筑機(jī)械廠破產(chǎn)被上海彭浦機(jī)械廠兼并5) 1990 Machinery Industry Ministry and Japan Komatsu hydraulic excavator technology 6) 1990 Yuchai success Machinery 1.3 tons of mini excavators 7) 1993 foreign two cell phones in mainland China selling large quantitie

13、s of used 8) 1995 -1998, 10 foreign well-known companies in China, joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises 9) in 1998 Shanghai Construction Machinery Works bankruptcy Shanghai Effectiveness Evaluation on the Pengpu Machinery Plant mergerSANY GROUP三 挖掘機(jī)的分類Excavators classificationSANY GROUP3.1 按機(jī)

14、重分類可分成：Classification by heavy machine can be divided into : 微型（小型） micro (small) G 6t 中小型 mid and micro 6 tG 16t 中型 Medium 16 tG 40t 大型 Large 40 tG 100t 特大型 vast Large G 100tSANY GROUP國內(nèi)外普遍使用原則是： Home and abroad commonly used are 40t以上的大型機(jī)以正鏟為主，單用途：挖掘the excavators more than 40t mainly by front sho

15、vel,single purpose: excavating 6t以下的?。ㄎⅲ┬蜋C(jī)以履帶（全部）反鏟為 主，多用途 the excavators below 6t mainly crawler and backhoe,multi-purposes. 10t-22 t之間的挖掘機(jī)輪式與履式混用，以履式占絕大多數(shù)，挖掘?yàn)橹骷?顧多用途. 10-22ts excavators have wheeled and crawler ones,mainly are crawlers, which have multi-purposes. 22 t以上的挖掘機(jī)全部為履帶式挖掘機(jī) all of the abo

16、ve 22t excavators are crawler excavatorsSANY GROUP 3.2 按傳動方式分類： by means of driving can be classified 液壓傳動挖掘機(jī)和機(jī)械傳動挖掘機(jī) hydraulic and mechanical transmission excavators 3.3 按作業(yè)方式分類： classification by excavator operations 單斗與多斗挖掘機(jī) single and multi-buckets excavators 3.4 按行走方式分類：Classification by runnin

17、g mode 履帶式與輪胎式挖掘機(jī)（還有步履式、拖式、軌道式等） crawler and wheeled excavators (and walker, towed.Rail) SANY GROUP3.5 按動力方式分類：Dynamic classification by the way 內(nèi)燃驅(qū)動（柴油機(jī)）與電力驅(qū)動挖掘機(jī)Diesel Driving (Diesel) and power-driven excavators3.6 按使用條件方式分類：Under conditions of use methods to classification 專用型挖掘機(jī)（常說的礦山型）與通用型挖掘機(jī)（建

18、筑型）Special type excavator (often say that the mine type) and Universal Excavator (BC-)本文主要講：單斗履帶式液壓挖掘機(jī) This article stresses : Single Bucket tracked hydraulic excavatorSANY GROUP3.7 液壓挖掘機(jī)的特點(diǎn)與機(jī)械式挖掘機(jī)相比Hydraulic excavator features - as compared with mechanical digger 比重量小（每1斗容量與整機(jī)機(jī)重之比）：重量可減輕一半the weigh

19、t is small (each one fighting capacity and the engine aircraft weight ratio) : reduce the weight to half 挖掘力大(the strength of excavating)： 1.5:1 生產(chǎn)率高(Productivity)： 倍以上 機(jī)動性和越野性能好 Good mobility and cross ability 工作平穩(wěn)、安全可靠 Working stable, safe and reliable 結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、美觀大方 Compact, attractive and unaffected

20、SANY GROUPSANY GROUP四 液壓挖掘機(jī)總體結(jié)構(gòu)Overall structure of hydraulic excavators液壓挖掘機(jī)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)包括動力裝置、工作裝置、回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)、操縱機(jī)構(gòu)、傳動系統(tǒng)、行走機(jī)構(gòu)和輔助設(shè)備等，如圖1-1所示。 The overall structure of the power hydraulic excavator, working equipment, rotary, manipulation, transmission,walking and auxiliary equipment, as shown in Figure 1-1. 常用的全

21、回轉(zhuǎn)式液壓挖掘機(jī)的動力裝置、傳動系統(tǒng)的主要部分、回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)、輔助設(shè)備和駕駛室等都安裝在可回轉(zhuǎn)的平臺上，通常稱為上部轉(zhuǎn)臺。 因此又可將單斗液壓挖掘機(jī)概括成工作裝置、上部轉(zhuǎn)臺和行走機(jī)構(gòu)等三部分。Rotary hydraulic excavators used in the power plant, the main transmission system, Rotary,and auxiliary equipment installed in the control room, so rotatable platform, commonly known as the upper table.So i

22、t will be summarized into a single bucket of hydraulic excavator working device, the turntable and the upper part of the three agencies running. SANY GROUPSANY GROUP圖1-11配重 2發(fā)動機(jī)罩 3油水散熱器總成 4發(fā)動機(jī) 5空濾 6蓄電池 7座椅 8液壓油箱 9先導(dǎo)手柄 10燃油箱 11駕駛室 12回轉(zhuǎn)支承 13工具箱 14中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭15動臂油缸 16動臂 17斗桿油缸 18斗桿 19鏟斗油缸 20搖桿 21連桿 22鏟斗 23履

23、帶 24導(dǎo)向輪25張緊機(jī)構(gòu)26支重輪 27托輪 28行走機(jī)構(gòu) 29主泵 30回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu) 31回油濾清器 32主閥Map 1-1 1 weight 2 engine hood 3 oil-water radiators. Machines 4 Engine Air Filter 6 Battery 7 Seat 8 Hydraulic Tank 9 precursor of the handle 10 fuel tank 11 Cab 12 rotary supporting 13 toolbox 14 central swivel joints 15 Boom fuel tank 16 Boom

24、 17 struggle rod fuel tank 18 bucket rods 19 bucket fuel tank 20 rocker 21 connecting rod 22 Bucket 23 tracked 24 guidance round 25 Tensioner 26 supporting wheels 27 child round of 28 running institutions 29 main pump 30 rotary bodies 31 back to the oil filter 32 main valvesSANY GROUPSANY GROUP動力系統(tǒng)D

25、ynamic System5.1 動力系統(tǒng)的基本知識挖掘機(jī)動力系統(tǒng)的核心是柴油發(fā)動機(jī)。其功用是將供給的燃油燃燒并將熱能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闄C(jī)械能，并通過液壓傳動系統(tǒng)使挖掘機(jī)行走和工作。 柴油機(jī)的動力輸出就是液壓泵的動力輸入。動力系統(tǒng)包括發(fā)動機(jī)及附件、燃油箱、水箱等。Excavator basic knowledge of dynamical systems is the core of diesel engine power system.Its purpose is to supply thermal energy to mechanical energy will fuel combustion.Exc

26、avators and make walking and working through the hydraulic system.Engine power output is the input pump power.Annex including engines and power systems, fuel containers, water tanks, etc. SANY GROUP挖掘機(jī)動力裝置由下列系統(tǒng)組成： 冷卻系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)、 排氣系統(tǒng)、燃油系統(tǒng)、 潤滑系統(tǒng)、電器系統(tǒng)、 減震和傳動系統(tǒng)Excavator power plant consists of the followin

27、g components : cooling system, intake system, exhaust system, fuel system, the lubrication system, the electrical system,damping and transmission systemSANY GROUPSANY GROUP5.2 發(fā)動機(jī)編號 Engine No.6BTA5.9-C# -SY220C6 6個汽缸； six cylinderB 發(fā)動機(jī)系列 series of engine T 渦輪增壓器 TurbochargerA 后級冷卻（增壓后中冷）After coolin

28、g (cold Turbocharged5.9 51513.141206排量升51 51 314 120 6 displacement C 改進(jìn)次數(shù) improved frequency # 馬力horsepowerSANY GROUP5.3 SY310挖掘機(jī)用柴油機(jī)介紹 SY310 excavators diesel采用康明斯QSB5.9-240 型柴油機(jī), 其可靠性、動力性、燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性和低排放性等指標(biāo)在國際上都具有領(lǐng)先水平。Cummins Engine QSB5.9-240 use, reliability, power,Fuel economy and low emissions and

29、 so is a leading indicator of the level in the international arena.柴油機(jī)主要技術(shù)參數(shù)：Diesel main technical parameters :型式：六缸直列、水冷、直噴、渦輪增壓、中冷、電控Type : Inline six-cylinder, water-cooled, direct injection, turbocharger, cold, electric control氣缸直徑(Cylinder diameter) (mm)活塞行程(Piston stroke) (mm) ：102120額定功率 (Rat

30、ed Power) (kW)/轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm) ： 182/2000最大扭矩Maximum torque (Nm)/轉(zhuǎn)速 (rpm)： 990/1500最低燃油消耗量Minimum fuel consumption (g/kWh)： 210SANY GROUP5.4 動力傳輸路線表power transmission line行走動力傳輸路線：柴油機(jī)聯(lián)軸節(jié)液壓泵（機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能）分配閥中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭行走馬達(dá)（液壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能）減速箱驅(qū)動輪軌鏈履帶實(shí)現(xiàn)行走Power transmission line running :Diesel-coupling - hydraulic pump (mec

31、hanical energy into hydraulic energy) - valve-central swivel joints-running motors (hydraulic transformed into mechanical energy) - Gearbox-wheel-track crawler chain-operate to achieveSANY GROUP回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動傳輸路線：柴油機(jī)聯(lián)軸節(jié)液壓泵（機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能）分配閥回轉(zhuǎn)馬達(dá)（液壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能）減速箱回轉(zhuǎn)支承實(shí)現(xiàn)回轉(zhuǎn)Rotary movement routes :Diesel-coupling - hydrau

32、lic pump (mechanical energy into hydraulic energy) - valve-rotary motors (hydraulic transformed into mechanical energy) - Reducer - Slew Ring-achieving Rotary. 動臂運(yùn)動傳輸路線：柴油機(jī)聯(lián)軸節(jié)液壓泵（機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能）分配閥動臂油缸（液壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能）實(shí)現(xiàn)動臂運(yùn)動Boom campaign routes :Diesel-coupling - hydraulic pump (mechanical energy into hydrauli

33、c energy) - valve-Boom tank (hydraulic transformed into mechanical energy) - arm movements to achieveSANY GROUP斗桿運(yùn)動傳輸路線：柴油機(jī)聯(lián)軸節(jié)液壓泵（機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能）分配閥斗桿油缸（液壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能）實(shí)現(xiàn)斗桿運(yùn)動Stick campaign routes :Diesel-coupling - hydraulic pump (mechanical energy into hydraulic energy) - valve-Stick tank (hydraulic transfor

34、med into mechanical energy) - achieving struggle bar鏟斗運(yùn)動傳輸路線：柴油機(jī)聯(lián)軸節(jié)液壓泵（機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能）分配閥鏟斗油缸（液壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能）實(shí)現(xiàn)鏟斗運(yùn)動Bucket campaign routes :Diesel-coupling - hydraulic pump (mechanical energy into hydraulic energy) - valve-tank Bucket (hydraulic transformed into mechanical energy) - bucket campaign to achieveS

35、ANY GROUPSANY GROUP5.5 動力傳輸原理圖Power transmission diagram 六 液壓挖掘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)The structure of hydraulic excavators 液壓挖掘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)件主要有底盤、回轉(zhuǎn)支承、中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭、轉(zhuǎn)臺、工作裝置、配重、覆蓋件、司機(jī)室、空調(diào)等。The structure is the major hydraulic excavator chassis, rotor support, the central swivel joints, turntable, the device weight, the panel,cab, ai

36、r-conditioners, and so on.SANY GROUP6.1 底盤 底盤即行走裝置, 包括履帶架和行走機(jī)構(gòu), 主要由履帶架、行走馬達(dá)+減速機(jī)及其管路、驅(qū)動輪、導(dǎo)向輪、托鏈輪、支重輪、履帶、張緊緩沖裝置組成，見下圖。其功能為支承挖掘機(jī)的重量，并把驅(qū)動輪傳遞的動力轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闋恳?，?shí)現(xiàn)整機(jī)的行走。行走馬達(dá)+減速機(jī)=行走機(jī)構(gòu) 下車：底盤+回轉(zhuǎn)支承+中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭Chassis is running devices, including planes and running track, tracked by planes, and operating a motor-reducer pi

37、pe.Sprockets orientation launches child sprocket, supporting wheels, tracks, tension device composed of the figure below.Its function is to support the weight of excavators, and wheel traction transfer of power to achieve a piece of the running. Motor running+ Reducer= running system.Alight: chassis

38、 + Slew Ring+Central swivel jointsSANY GROUPSANY GROUP底盤chassisSANY GROUPSANY GROUP 支重輪 托鏈輪 導(dǎo)向輪Supporting round. Asked sprocket. Steering round.SANY GROUP行走馬達(dá) 驅(qū)動輪 張緊緩沖裝置Running motors, driving wheel. Tension device履帶架 Crawler Frame 履帶架（即車架總成）為整體焊接件, 采用X 形結(jié)構(gòu)，其主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是具有高的承載能力. 車架總成由左縱梁（即左履帶架）、主車架（即中間架）、

39、右縱梁（即右履帶架）三部分焊接而成。Tracked F (chassis assembly) welding pieces as a whole, the X-shaped structure.Its main advantages are high bearing capacity. Frame assembly from the left beam (left tracked F)Main Frame (intermediate F), right beam (right track F) three parts together through welding.SANY GROUPSAN

40、Y GROUP中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭Central swivel joints中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭是聯(lián)接回轉(zhuǎn)平臺與底盤油路的液壓元件，它保證回轉(zhuǎn)平臺旋轉(zhuǎn)任意角度后，還能正常給行走馬達(dá)供油。Central swivel joints are connected to the central Circuit hydraulic rotary platform and chassis components, which guarantees rotary platform arbitrary rotation angle,normal oil supply to the motor still running.Cen

41、tral swivel jointsSANY GROUPSANY GROUP6.2 平臺 Platform 平臺是上車部分主要承載結(jié)構(gòu)件，分主平臺和左右平臺三部分。見下圖。Platform. The platform on the train carrying some of the major pieces of structure, principal platform and platform around three parts.See illustration below.SANY GROUPSANY GROUPSANY GROUP6.3 工作裝置Working Devices 工作

42、裝置是液壓挖掘機(jī)的主要組成部分，目前SY系列挖掘機(jī)配置的是反鏟工作裝置，它主要用于挖掘停機(jī)面以下的土壤，但也可以挖掘最大切削高度以下的土壤， 反鏟工作裝置由動臂、斗桿、鏟斗、搖桿、連桿及包含動臂油缸、斗桿油缸、鏟斗油缸在內(nèi)的工作裝置液壓管路等主要部分組成。 Working devices is a key component of hydraulic excavators.SY series is currently configured backhoe excavator working device, it stands primarily for excavation below the

43、 soil surface.it is also the largest excavation of soil below the cutting height. Work by backhoe arm that will ban bucket, rocker,Boom linkage and includes tanks, fighting bar tank, the tank bucket of hydraulic pipe installation work and other major components.SANY GROUPSANY GROUPSANY GROUP連桿機(jī)構(gòu)Link

44、ageSANY GROUP提升負(fù)載提升負(fù)載提升負(fù)載動 臂BoomSANY GROUP鏟斗Bucket6.4 配重WeightSANY GROUPSANY GROUP6.5 駕駛室與空調(diào)駕駛室為流線形鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，前窗擋風(fēng)玻璃可滑動，天窗可開啟，配置雨刮器、清洗器、收放機(jī)、空調(diào)、座椅及操縱件、先導(dǎo)開關(guān)4處出風(fēng)口（除霜、吹腳、吹臉左、吹臉右）Cab and air-conditioning. Cab to streamline di e steel. Windscreen before sliding windows, skylights can be opened.Wiper allocation,

45、581, Radio and Tape Player, air conditioning. benches and manipulate documents, the pilot switches. four out of drafts (defrosting.Winds feet of the left face blowing and blowing face right)SANY GROUP空調(diào)系統(tǒng)Air-conditioning systems空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的組成1 壓縮機(jī)總成2 冷凝器總成3 貯液干燥器總成4 蒸發(fā)器總成5 管路系統(tǒng)6 電器系統(tǒng) Air conditioning syste

46、m :1 compressor assembly. 2 condenser assembly. Reliability three dry storage solution. 4 HVAC. 5 pipeline system. 6 electrical systemSANY GROUP七 挖掘機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng) Excavators Hydraulic SystemSANY GROUP.液壓系統(tǒng)概述 Hydraulic system. 液壓元件組成：動力元件、控制元件、執(zhí)行元件、輔件動力元件：主泵控制元件：主控制閥組執(zhí)行元件：回轉(zhuǎn)馬達(dá)、行走馬達(dá)、動臂油缸、斗桿油缸、鏟斗油缸。輔件：油箱、油冷卻器、

47、蓄能器、電磁閥、比例閥、先導(dǎo)濾清器、中央回轉(zhuǎn)接頭、液壓管接件等。Hydraulic components : dynamic components and control components, the implementation of components, accessories dynamic components :main pump. Control components : the main control valve block. : rotary actuator motors running motors, Boom tank Stick tank bucket tank.

48、Documentation : auxiliary fuel tanks, oil cooler, storage devices, solenoid valve, the proportional valve pilot filter, the central swivel joints, hydraulic tubing and parts.SANY GROUP液壓系統(tǒng)分類：定量系統(tǒng)、變量系統(tǒng)、開式系統(tǒng)、閉式系統(tǒng)、恒功率系統(tǒng)、雙泵雙回路系統(tǒng)、總功率調(diào)節(jié)、分功率調(diào)節(jié)、中位、中位開心、中位閉心、節(jié)流調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)、負(fù)流量控制系統(tǒng)、正流量控制系統(tǒng)、負(fù)荷傳感控制系統(tǒng)等。Hydraulic System

49、categories : quantitative system, variable system, open systems, closed system, constant power system, two double-loop pump systemtotal power conditioning, power adjustment minutes, the spaces, spaces unhappy that the median closed-center, cutting expenditure - conditioning systems, traffic control

50、systems to negative.is flow control systems, load-sensing control system.SANY GROUP液壓系統(tǒng)是挖掘機(jī)的能源轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng)和各職能部件的控制系統(tǒng)，由主油路系統(tǒng)和先導(dǎo)操縱系統(tǒng)組成。發(fā)動機(jī)的動力通過液壓系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)化為整機(jī)各職能部件運(yùn)動的驅(qū)動力，并對各職能部件的運(yùn)動規(guī)律進(jìn)行有效的控制。The energy conversion system is a hydraulic excavator system components and functions of the control system.manipulated by th

51、e main oil system and the pilot system.Engines hydraulic system through various functional components into a piece of the campaign driving forcealso all functional components of the movement for effective control.SANY GROUP主液壓回路：用于主泵向各執(zhí)行元件供油先導(dǎo)液壓回路：主要用于操作控制閥挖掘機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)通常由一臺發(fā)動機(jī)、兩個液壓主泵、一個先導(dǎo)泵、一個整體式控制閥組、四個液

52、壓油缸、一個回轉(zhuǎn)馬達(dá)和二個行走馬達(dá)組成。Main : hydraulic circuit components for the implementation of oil supply to the main pump. Pilot hydraulic circuit :for the operation of the main control valve. usually by a system of hydraulic excavators engine, the two main hydraulic pump, a pilot pumpControl Valves a whole, fo

53、ur cylinder motor component of a rotary motor and walking two.SANY GROUP主泵通過聯(lián)接盤直接與發(fā)動機(jī)輸出軸相聯(lián)。主泵通過控制閥向動作執(zhí)行元件供油；先導(dǎo)泵向三個先導(dǎo)閥供油。先導(dǎo)閥：二個工作先導(dǎo)閥（實(shí)現(xiàn)挖掘機(jī)的各種動作）和一個行走先導(dǎo)閥（實(shí)現(xiàn)挖掘機(jī)的行走與轉(zhuǎn)向）。Pump connected to the main disk directly associated with the engine output shaft.Through the implementation of actions to the main pump

54、 control valve components dispensing; Leading to the three pilot valve dispensing pump.Pilot valve :Working two pilot valve (excavators achieve various moves), and running a pilot valve (and to achieve the operating excavator).SANY GROUP挖掘機(jī)作業(yè)過程挖掘機(jī)一個作業(yè)循環(huán)包括以下動作：、挖掘通過對鏟斗、斗桿以及它們的復(fù)合動作，實(shí)現(xiàn)鏟斗的破土、裝土。、滿斗回轉(zhuǎn)鏟斗裝

55、滿土后，動臂提升、同時(shí)進(jìn)行平臺回轉(zhuǎn)到卸土位置。、卸土平臺回轉(zhuǎn)到位后制動，由斗桿調(diào)節(jié)卸土半徑，鏟斗翻轉(zhuǎn)卸土。、回位 鏟斗卸土，轉(zhuǎn)臺反轉(zhuǎn)，動臂、斗桿配合，回到挖掘位置。Excavator process. Excavator a circle of the following actions : 1, on tap - Bucket.The composite rod movements and their struggle to achieve the momentum bucket, put the soil.2, rotary - mand bucket filled with soil,

56、Boom upgrade, the platform back to the dumping place.3, dumping - rotating platform brake in place by the struggle radius rod regulate dumping, dumping bucket overturned.4 spaces - back bucket dumping, the table has turned around, arm, tie rod struggle to return excavation location.SANY GROUP7.2 三一挖

57、掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)介紹 Sany excavator hydraulic system. 三一挖掘機(jī)采用國內(nèi)外普遍使用的雙泵雙回路全功率變量中位開芯系統(tǒng)，通過流量反饋信號控制油泵流量，使流量按需分配到各職能部件，實(shí)現(xiàn)不同工況的最佳匹配。 三一挖掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)主要有日本川崎公司提供。川崎公司的液壓系統(tǒng)采用負(fù)流量控制，動臂、斗桿的負(fù)載保持閥和再生閥集成在主閥內(nèi)，動臂、斗桿在主閥內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)合流。Sany excavator uses abroad commonly , double-pump loop-power variable opened core systemfeedback signal to con

58、trol the flow of oil flow, the flow of functions DAMA partsdifferent conditions to achieve the best match.March 1 excavator hydraulic system mainly for the Japanese company Kawasaki.Kawasaki companies in the hydraulic system used to control flow negative, Boom, fighting to maintain leverage load ren

59、ewable valve integrated in the main valve and valve, Boom.the main valve lever in the struggle to achieve convergence.SANY GROUPSANY GROUP挖掘機(jī)的電氣控制系統(tǒng)Excavators Electrical Control System8.1 電氣控制系統(tǒng)概述 Electrical Control System 8.1.1 電氣控制系統(tǒng)的功能electrical control systems functions 挖掘機(jī)的電氣控制系統(tǒng)主要實(shí)現(xiàn)以下功能：電子監(jiān)控、自

60、動報(bào)警及故障自診斷節(jié)能降耗、提高生產(chǎn)率實(shí)現(xiàn)柴油機(jī)的控制，如電子調(diào)速器、電子油門控制裝置、自動怠速停機(jī)裝置、自動升溫控制裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)作業(yè)過程的自動化或半自動化 Excavators main electrical control system to achieve the following functions :electronic monitoring, automatic alarm and fault diagnosis. saving energy, increasing productivity. Diesel controlif the electronic speed governo