選修九 2.4《unit2　Words and expressions》學(xué)習(xí)培訓(xùn)模板課件

1、新課標人教版課件系列高中英語選修(模塊）9-2.4Using natureWords and expressions1.navigator n. 導(dǎo)航者,領(lǐng)航員 navigate vi. 航行, 航海, 航空 vt. 航行于, 駕駛, 操縱, 使通過 They navigated with difficulty through the crowd. 他們在人群中艱難行進。 navigation n. 航海，航行 navigational adj. 航海的，航行的2.explorer n. 勘探者,考察者(考察的人,尤指考察某一地理區(qū)域的人)他媽媽是一個到北極探險考察的人。 His mother

2、 is an arctic explorer. exploration n. 探險, 探測explore v. 探險, 探測, 探究 We must explore all the possibilities for the solution of the problem. 我們必須探討解決這個問題的所有可能性。 Have you really explored your nearest town? 你真的考察了離你們那兒最近的城鎮(zhèn)了嗎？voyage n./ vi. 航海, 航行The voyage from England to India used to take six months.過

3、去從英國航行到印度要六個月。 go on/make/take a sea voyage去航海旅行voyager n.航行者, 航海者at the mercy ofwithout any protection against; helpless before 任由擺布；在面前無助 They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and weather. 他們在海上迷失了方向,任憑風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。 The sailors were left to the mercy of wind and weather. leaveto the mercy of 任憑處置

4、have mercy on/ show mercy to 對表示憐憫The terrorists showed no mercy to the hostages.恐怖分子對人質(zhì)殘酷無情。without mercy 毫不留情地The mother left the dying baby in the hospital without mercy.那位母親狠心地把垂死的嬰兒丟棄在醫(yī)院。Its a mercy (that) (口)幸運的是,幸虧(用于表示更遭的情況得以避免總算是幸運)Its a mercy the accident happened so near the hospital.幸虧事故

5、發(fā)生在離醫(yī)院很近的地方。Its a mercy she wasnt seriously hurt.幸運的是她傷勢不重。alongside prep. = by the side of; side by side with在旁邊；與并排adv. = along, near, at, or to the side在旁邊，近旁，沿著邊He parked his car alongside the fence.他把車沿著圍墻停放。A car drew up alongside.一輛汽車開上來并排而行。minimum (min) adj. 最小的, 最低的 n. 最小值, 最小化。(pl) minima

6、/minimums其反義詞為maximum (max) adj. 最高的, 最多的, 最大極限的n. 最大量, 最大限度, 極大 keep/reduce sth. to a minimum 將某物保持在/降低到最低限度 公司設(shè)法最低限度減少開支。 The company manages to keep all the expenses to a minimum. 每個班學(xué)生人數(shù)的最高限額是58名。 The maximum number of students in each class is 58. nowhere adv.無處, 到處都無 我沒工作，也沒地方住。 I have no job

7、and nowhere to live.Nowhere could I see him.我哪兒也看不到他。nowhere near=far from 差得遠, 遠非e.g. The hall was nowhere near full.offshore adj./adv.向海面吹的, 離岸的, 海面上的, 海上/下作業(yè)的offshore workers 海上作業(yè)的工人 The storm moved offshore. 風(fēng)暴離岸移動。secure adj.安全的, 可靠的, 放心的, 無慮的v. 保護,使安全 Our house is secure from flood. 我們的房子沒有被淹的

8、危險。 Some measures are needed to secure the bank from a flood. 這道堤防需要采取一些措施, 免得被洪水沖壞。security n.安全，保安，保護Security was tight during the Presidents visit.總統(tǒng)來訪期間，保安工作十分嚴密。the Security Council 安理會the security guard 保安involve vt. 包括，使陷于,使參與，影響 Dont involve other people in your mistakes. 別把別人牽涉到你的錯誤中去。 All

9、the children were involved in the school play. 所有的孩子都參加了學(xué)校排練的戲劇。 The matter is serious because it involves your reputation. 這件事很嚴重，因為它影響到你的聲譽。 involve 指必然包括的結(jié)果 include 指包括屬于整體的部分 contain 指包含在內(nèi)或含有幾種成分 hold 常指含有多少容量，可與contain互換involve, include, contain, holdTaking the job _living abroad.接受這項工作就一定要住在國外

10、。The price _postage charges.價格包括郵資在內(nèi)。Beer _alcohol.啤酒里含有酒精。How much water does the pan_?那盤子能盛多少水？involvesincludescontainsholdmagnetic adj. 磁的, 有磁性的, 有吸引力的 magnet n. 磁體, 磁鐵 a magnetic recorder 磁錄音機 a magnetic personrandom n. 隨意, 任意 adj. 任意的, 隨便的, 胡亂的e.g. make a random choice 任意選擇 at random = aimlessl

11、y; without any plan 隨機，隨便e.g. He opened the book at random.awkward adj. 難使用的, 笨拙的, 尷尬的; 棘手的,難處理的 an awkward remark 令人窘迫的評論 There was an awkward silence, when no one knew what to say. 當(dāng)誰都不知道說什么時，出現(xiàn)了令人尷尬的沉默。他很笨，總是丟東西。He is awkward; he keeps dropping things.An awkward situation arose during the peace t

12、alks.在和平談判中出現(xiàn)了棘手的情況。reference n.提及, 涉及, 參考, 參考書目, 證明書(人), At the meeting the teacher made references to his heroic deeds.在會上老師提到了他的英雄事跡。These are reference books for students.這些是學(xué)生用的參考書。refer v.提到, 涉及, 查閱, 咨詢The teacher often refers her pupils to this dictionary.老師經(jīng)常讓她的學(xué)生查這本字典。Her pupils often refer

13、 to this dictionary.她的學(xué)會經(jīng)常查這本字典。Dont refer to it again.別再提那件事。precise adj. 精確的, 準確的 precision n. 精確(性), 精密(度)A lawyer needs a precise mind.律師需要一絲不茍的精神。A camera is an instrument of precision.照相機是一種精密儀器。 simplify vt. 單一化, 簡單化 simple adj. 簡單的 The English in this story has been simplified to make it eas

14、ier to understand. 這個故事里的英語被簡寫以便更容易理解。 His father lived a simple life in the country. 他父親在農(nóng)村過著簡樸的生活。portable adj. 輕便的, 手提(式)的, 便攜式的 a portable typewriter 提式打字機 a portable generator 便攜式發(fā)電機shortcoming n. 缺點, 短處（常用復(fù)數(shù)） In spite of all his shortcomings, he is still the best teacher the school has. 他盡管有些缺

15、點，但仍然是該校最好的教師。update v. 使現(xiàn)代化, 修正, 校正, 更新 n. 現(xiàn)代化, 更新e.g. It is about time we updated the software.updated adj. 最新的，現(xiàn)代化的，適時的 an updated and revised edition 最新修訂本tendency n. 趨向, 傾向(to do sth./ towards sth.) have/show/reduce the tendency to doe.g. 女性越來越趨向晚婚. It is a growing tendency for women to marry l

16、ate.tend to do/toward sth. e.g. His views tend towards the extreme. tend to sb. =take care of sb.reliable adj. 可靠的, 可信賴的 e.g. She may forget to come - she is not very reliable. 她可能忘了來，她不太可信賴。 rely v.依賴, 依靠, 信賴, 信任, 依賴于 rely on sth./sb. to do reliability n.可靠性 Swoop v. to swoop down (on sb/sth) 朝俯沖e.

17、g. The eagle swooped down on the chicken.The police swooped on the house at dawn.警察拂曉對房子進行突擊檢查.peck v. to peck at/out 啄e.g. Look, the bird is pecking at the window.Phr.- peck at ones foodThe little boy pecked his mother on the cheek and hurried to school.小男孩匆匆吻了媽媽的臉頰然后趕往學(xué)校.compulsory adj. 必需做的, 必修的

18、compulsory education/subjecte.g. Is English a compulsory subject?compulsion n. 強迫,沖動e.g. You need feel under no compulsion to accept. 你不用勉強接受.incident n.事件, 事變 He could remember every incident in great detail. 他能把每件小事的細節(jié)都記得清楚。 incident 附帶的小事件，事端，政變 accident 意外事故 event 重大事件 運動項目How did the accident h

19、appen?這起事故是怎么發(fā)生的？July 7th Incident 七七事變What were the chief events of last year?去年主要的大事是什么？About 2000 athletes compete in 20 events.大約兩千運動員參加了20個項目的比賽.2. departure n. 啟程, 出發(fā), 離開a departure lounge候車室 departure date動身日期depart (from/for)vi.離開, 起程, 逝世crew n. 全體人員, (工作)隊 The plane had seventy passengers a

20、nd a crew of ten. 飛機上有70名乘客和10名機務(wù)人員。 注意:做主語時, 如看作整體, 謂語用單數(shù); 如看作成員, 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 The crew on board the plane was small. The crew were busy preparing.depositv. 放置, 放下放置，安置； 托付，寄存；存錢 She deposited her money in the bank. 他把錢存到銀行里。n. a current /fixed deposit dilemma n. 進退兩難的局面, 困難的選擇（可加不定冠詞）e.g. You place/put

21、me in something of a dilemma.Jill was in a dilemma whether to go out with Bill or Joe.The doctor was on the horns of a dilemma whether to tell the patient the truth about his condition or not.drawback n. 缺點, 毛病;不利因素 One drawback of New York in the summer is the heat. In spite of all its drawbacks, i

22、t was a place of quiet, peace. The only drawback of the plan is that it costs too much.draw back 退回,往后退The children drew back from the dog when it barked at them. 不履行(諾言)He will not draw back from what he has promised.dusk n. 薄暮, 黃昏,暮色Dusk was falling.By dusk we had reached a place called Lion Fores

23、t.At dusk the lights of the city come on.dawn n. 黎明, 拂曉, 破曉The darkest hour is before the dawn.And at dawn we rose and knocked at the gate of the city.They worked from dawn to dusk.routine n. /adj. 例行公事, 常規(guī), 日常事務(wù), 程序 Exercise should be a part of our daily routine. 鍛煉應(yīng)該成為日常生活的一部分. routine checks/ que

24、stions常規(guī)的 a routine job/task/life 平淡無味的 I arrive at nine oclock, teach until twelve and then have a meal; that is my morning routine. 我九點鐘到，上課到十二點鐘，然后吃飯；那是我上午的例行做法。reckon v. 估計, 計算,認為, I reckoned it will cost $400.Have you reckoned all the charges?The play was reckoned a success.Did you reckon the t

25、axi fares in?You cant reckon on good weather.reckoning n. by ones reckoning 據(jù) 估計starvation n. 饑餓, 餓死 die of starvation starve v.饑餓, 餓死 starve to deathThousands and thousands of people there are on the point of starvation.那兒成千上萬的人都面臨著餓死的危險。Thousands of people will starve if food doesnt reach the stri

26、cken city.如果食物不能運到那座受災(zāi)的城市， 成千上萬的人就要餓死。(be) starved of=in need of孤身困于島上,他渴望與外界溝通.Trapped in the island, he felt starved of communication with the outside world.The company is starved of money.psychologically adv. 心理上地, 心 理學(xué)地 psychological adj. 心理(上)的 psychology n. 心理學(xué), 心理狀態(tài) psychological research 心理學(xué)

27、研究 psychological warfare 心理戰(zhàn) the psychology of war 戰(zhàn)爭心理tension n. 緊張(狀態(tài)), 不安, 拉緊, 壓力, 張力, 牽力, 電壓 The tension of the Far East is building up again. 中東的形勢又逐步緊張起來。 The rope will take 50 pounds tension. 繩子可承受50鎊的拉力. Our tension increased as we waited for the result.gradually adv. 逐漸地 gradual adj. 逐漸的, 逐

28、步的, 漸進的The rock gradually wears away due to the action of the water.由于水的作用，巖石逐漸磨損。Computerization has resulted in the gradual disappearance of many manual jobs.計算機化導(dǎo)致了許多手工工作的逐漸消失。foresee vt. 預(yù)見, 預(yù)知Those who can foresee difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear. 在走向成功的路途中能夠預(yù)見到困難的人在困難真正出現(xiàn)的時候常常能保持冷靜的態(tài)度。thirst n. 渴, 口渴, ( for)渴望, 熱望The soldiers died of thirst in the desert.士兵