2008年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題含答案

1、2008 年 12 月大四級(jí)Part I Writing（30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting theUse of Disbelow.1.使用限制able Plastic Bag. You should writeeast 150 words following the outline given袋的使用袋帶來的問題袋的意義Limiting the Use of Disable Plastic BagPartIIReadi

2、ngComprehen(SkimmingandScanning)(15 minutes)Directions:his part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choimarked A, B, C and D.For questions 8 -10, complete the sentenwith the informa

3、tion givenough, kidshe passage.It was a lovely day at the park and Sla Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her twochildren when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him tothe ground.“Id watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child hed

4、 shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, No, we dontpush,” Whappened next was unexpected.“The boys mother ran toward me from across the park,” Sla says,” I thought she wascominer to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplin

5、ing her child, All Idid was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I suped to sit back while her kid didwhatever he wanted, hurting other childrenhe pros?”Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other peopleschildren hase a minefield.y house, jumon the sofa

6、is not allowed.y sisters house icouraged. For her,its about kids being kids: “If you cantthree, when can yout?”Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his auntshouse. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine.ts OK betnsisters butacq

7、uaanes dangerous territory when youre talking to the children of friends or.“Kids arent all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monasiversity.”But there is still an ideat theyre the property of the parent. We see our children as an extenof ourselves, so if youre sayingcriticism of me.”

8、t my child is behaving inappropriay, thents somehow ahose circumstan, its difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or theparent. There are two schools of thought.“Id go to the child,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quietremindert we dont dot here is enough. Kids

9、 nave finely tuned antennae () for howto behave in different settings.”He pos out bringing it up with the parent cause problems. Of course, approaching the childmay make them feel neglectful, which couldcan bring its own headaches, too.This is why Whitemendst you approach the parents. Raise your con

10、cerns withthe parents if theyre there and ask them to deal with it,” she says.Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: “Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarkswith something like: I know youll think

11、 Im silly buty house I dont want”When it comes to situations where youre caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things dont go well, then have a chat.”Therere a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appro

12、priate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rulesare different now from when todays parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared ofsaying:

13、 dont swear, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. Theyre worriedt there will beif they pothese things out either from older children, or their parents.”He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (禮貌), and sayst adultffer form it as much as child.Meredith Fuller ag

14、rees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when youre living in a world inwhich everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice peopleare perceived to finish last.”“Its about what Imng and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kidcame home from school an

15、d said, “I goto trouble”. And dad said, you probably deserved it.Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”This jumto our childrens defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggss”youfeelingt surrounds our dealings with other peoples children. You knowt if

16、remonstrate(勸誡) with the child, youre going to have to deal with the parent. Its admirable tobe protective of our kids, but is it good?“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonaboundaries,”White says. “It its only certain sectors of the populationng the running to th

17、eschool better educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”White beves our notions of a more child-centered, it a way of talking about treating ourchildren like commodities(商品). Were centered on them but in wayst reflectitively on us.We treat them as objects whose appearance and ac

18、hievements are something we can be proud of,rathern serve the besterests of the children.”ay over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leapto their defence. Back at the park, Bianchiervention(干預(yù)) on her son behalf ended in anundignified exchange of insulting words

19、with the other boy mother.As Bianchi approached the park bench where shed been sitting, other mums came up to herand congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding repuion for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”Andrew Fuller doesnt b

20、evet we should be afraid of dealing with otheoples kids.t we dont“l(fā)ook at kidst arent your own as a potential minefield,” he says. Hemendsstay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.1. What did Sla Bianchi expect the young boys mother to do when she talked to him?A)

21、make an apologyB) come over toervenediscipline her own boytake her own boy away2. What does the author say about dealing with othA) its important not to hurt them in any wayeoples children?B) its no use trying to stop their wrongngC) its advisable to treat them as ones own kidsD) itssible for one to

22、 geto lots of trouble3. According to professor Naomi white of Monasiversity, when ones kids are criticized, theirparents will probably feeldiscouragedhurtpuzzledoverwhelmed4. What should one do when seeing othA) talk to them directly in a mild wayeoples kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?B) c

23、omplao their parents poliysimply leave them alonepunish them lightly5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, parents are worried when their kids swear at thempeople think it improper to criticize kids in publicC) people are reluctant to poour kids wrongngsD) many6.Inas arise betworldwheren

24、 parents and their kidseveryoneisexhaustedfromoverworkandlackofsleep,A) its easy for people toe impatientits difficult to create a code of conductits important to be friendly to everybodyits hard for people to admire each other7. How did people use to respond when their kids gottheyd question the te

25、acherstheyd charge up to the schoolo trouble at school?C) theydl the kids to clam downD) Theyd put the blame on their kidsProfessor white beves be According to professor theyAndrew fuller suggestsnott the notions of a more child-centredsociety shouldwhite, todaysparents treat their childrenas someth

26、ingt , whenkids behave inappropriay,people shouldPart III Listening Comprehen(35 minutes)Section ADirections:his section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and th

27、e questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choimarked A, B, C and D, and decide whichis the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.A)Only true friendship can

28、 last long. B)Letter writing is going out of style.She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12. A) A paer.B) A mechanic.A porter.A carpenter.13. A) Look for a place near her office.B) Find a new job down the street.Make inquiries elsewhere.Rent

29、 the $600 apartment.14. A) He prefers to wear jeans wilarger waist.B) He has been extremely busy recently.C) He has gained some weight lay.D) He enjoyed going shopwith Jane yesterday.15. A)The womansesses a natural for art.B) Women have a better artistiten men.He isnt good at abstract thinking.He do

30、esnt like abstract paings.16. A) She couldnve left her notebookhe library.B) she may have put her notebooid the journals.C) she should have made careful notes whileng reading.D) she shouldnve read his notes without his knowing it.17. A)she wants to get some sleepB) she needs time to write a pC) she

31、has a literature class to attendrD)she is troubled by her sleep problem18. A)He is confident he will get the job. B)His chance of getting the job is slim.C)It isnt easy to find a qualified sales manager.D)Theerview didnt go as well as he expected.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you

32、have just heard.A)He can manage his time more flexibly. B)He can renew contact with his old friends.He can concentrate on his own projects.He can learn to do administrative work.20. A)Reading its adshe newsprs.B)Calling itsnel department.C)Contacting its manager. D)Searching its website.A)To cut dow

33、n its production expenses. B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.To improve its administrative efficiency.To utilize its retired employees resour.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A)Buy a tractor. B)Fix a house.See a piece of property.Sing a business contract.23

34、. A)It is only fortyB)It is a smallform where they live.two-bedroom house.iC)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.D)Is a large garden with fresh vegetables.A)Growing pooes will involve less labor. B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.It may not be big enough for raising corn.Raising p

35、ooes will be more profitable.A)FinanB)EquipmentLaborProfitsSection BDirections:his section, you will hear 3 short passages. Atof each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answer from the

36、four choimarked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 wiPassage Onesingle line through the centre.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 A) Toroduce the chief of the citysforceB)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guestC)To address the ie

37、of community securityD)To explahe functions of the city council27 A)He has distinguished himself in city managementB)He is head of theernationalForceHe completed his higher education abroadHe holds a masters degree in criminology28 A)To coordinate worongdepartmentsB)To getofficers closer to the loca

38、l peopleTo help the residentsTo enable the 29 A)PopularB)discouraging C)effective D)controversialPassage Twoimes of emergencyto take prompt actionQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30ople differ greyheir ability to communicatethere are numerous languages in existenceMost

39、 public languages are inherently vagueD)Big gaps exist bet31 A)it is a sign of humann private and public languageselligencein improves with constant practiceit is something we are born withD)it varies from32 A)how privatoanguages are developedB)how different languages are related people create their

40、 languagesD)how children learn to use languagePassage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33 A)she was a tailor B)she was an engineershe was an educatorshe was a public speaker34.A)Basing them on science-fiction movies.B) Includingeresting exampleshemAdjusting them t

41、o different audienFocusing on the latest progress in spa35.A) Whether spacemen carry weaponscienceB) How spauits protect spacemenHow NASA trains its spacemenWhat spacemen cat and drinkSection CDirections:his section, you will hearsage three times. When the passage is read for thetime, you should lis

42、ten carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the secondtime, you are required to fillhe bls numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you havejust heard. For bls numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fillhe missing information.For these bls, you can either use the exact wo

43、rds you have just heard or write down the mainpos in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to beve the (36)will continue through the next few decades.Crime rates have always b

44、een high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as theUnited Ses, but a new (37) has appeared on the world (38)raly rising crime rates innationst previously reported few(39). Street crimes such as robbery, r(40) andauto theft are clearly rising (41)in eastern European countriech asgary and

45、in westernEuropean nationch as the united Kingdom.What is driving this crime (42)?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certainconditions(43) with rising crime increasingheterogeneity (混雜) of populations, greaterculturalpluralism,higherimmigration,democratizationofernment,(44).These condition

46、s are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, culturestwere previously isolated and homogeneous(同種類的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece(45).Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it cso lead to a clash ofvalues. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in

47、the twenty-(46)century, andPart IV Reading Comprehen（Reading in Depth） （25minutes）Section AQuestion 47-56A bookless life is anpleife. Books influence the depnd breadth of life. Theymeet the natural47for freedom, for expres, for creativity and beauty of life.Learners, therefore, musve books, and the

48、right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need.Readers turn48 to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things,their eagerness to sharehe experienof others and their need to 49 from theirown limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Thr

49、oughtheir reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquathem with lifehe worldand come toas it was and it is now. They are presented wi 50 of human experien51 other ways of thought and living. And while 52 their own relationships andresponses to life , the readers often findt the 53h

50、eir stories are going through similaradjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.Books provide 54 material for readers imagination to grow. Imagination is avaluable quality and a motivatinger, and stimulates achievement. While enriching theirimagination, books 55 their outl

51、ook, develop a fact-finding attitude and trahem to useleisure 56 . The sol and educationalsignificanceofthereaders bookscannotbeoverestimated in an academic library.AbundantCharactersCommunicatingCompleyDeriveDesireDiversityEscEstablishingNarrowNaturallyL.nelProperlyRespectWidenSection BDirections:

52、There are 2 passageshis section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished sements. For each of them there are four choimarked A, B, C and D. Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestio

53、ns 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According tosistics .you are moren twice as likely to die of skin cancern a woman ,and nine timesmore likely to die of AIDS. Aming you make it toof your natural term, about

54、 78 yearsfor men in Australia, you will die oage five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risksn woman and are morelikely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men dont go to the doctor.“Men arent seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Dr.

55、 Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,itshould beeast once a year.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayedsmokers cough for a year.ng anything abo

56、ut his“When I finally saw him id already spread and he has since died fromg cancer” hesays, “Earr detection and treatment may nolife”ve cured him, but it would have prolonged thisAccording to a recent survey, 95%of women aged betn 15 and early 40s see a doctoronce a year, compared to 70% of menhe sa

57、me age group.“A lot of men think they are invincible （不可戰(zhàn)勝的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think” Geez, if it could happen to him.Then there is the ostrich approach,” some men are scared of what might be there and wouldrather not know, ” says D

58、r. Ross Cartmill.“Most men get their cars serviced more regularlyn they service their bodies,” Cartmillsays .He beves most diseasescheck-ups.t commonly affect men could be addressed by preventiveRegular check-ups for men would inevitably platrain on the public purse, Cartmill says.”But prevention is

59、 cherhe long runn having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimatecost is far greater: it is called premature death.”Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.Their average life span has been considerab

60、ly extended.They have lived long enough to read this article.They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.58.What does the author se is the most important reason men die five years earr o n women?ageA. men drink and smoke muoren womenmen dont seek medical care as often as womenmen arent as cauti