人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修二unit4wildlifeprotection語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)

1、succeedmercy.noise!madeofjingetiejiUnit 4 Wildlife protection 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)編稿：張桂琴目標(biāo)認(rèn)知重點(diǎn)詞匯：mercy, affect, decrease, loss, reserve, hunt , contain , certain , appreciate ,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：die out, protect. from . , pay attention to , in danger重點(diǎn)句型：1. "主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。2. It will be long before +從句知識(shí)講解重點(diǎn)詞匯【高清課堂：詞語(yǔ)精講】

2、mercy【原句回放】Farmers hunted us without mercy.農(nóng)民們毫不留情的獵殺我們【點(diǎn)撥】1. mercy ( cn ./un.)仁慈；寬容；憐憫They showed mercy to their enemies.HisdeathwasaThe ship was at the mercy of the storm.Mercy(onus)!Whatamercy killing3. Adj. merciful仁慈的，寬容的。She was merciful to the prisoners.This judge is merciless towards anyone

3、found guilty of murder.4. Adv. mercifullyThe play was very bad, but mercifully it was also short!【拓展】at the mercy of sb. /sth. 任處置；對(duì)無(wú)能為力；任由擺布throw oneself on sb s mercy 指望某人能寬容without mercy 殘忍地affect【原句回放】 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一種影響蚊子的強(qiáng)效藥物【點(diǎn)撥】affect (Vt.)影響；使感動(dòng)。The

4、change in climate may affect your health.Their opinion will not affect my decision.Cancer had affected his lungs.We were deeply affected by the news of her death.She affected a foreign accent.辨析：affect, effect, affectionAlcohol affects drivers' concentration.Alcohol has a very bad effect on driv

5、ers.He felt great affection for his sister.Africa has always had a special place in my affections.【拓展】Have/produce an effect on 對(duì)有影響come into effect 生效；實(shí)施be of no effect 無(wú)效的；無(wú)用的decrease【原句回放】 If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food , their numbers may decrease.如果它們的棲息地受到威脅或它們不

6、能找到足夠的食物，它們的數(shù)量就會(huì)減少?！军c(diǎn)撥】decrease v. & n.(1)vi. & vt.降低，減少，使(變小)搭配decreasein 在方面減少from 在基礎(chǔ)上減少to 減少到by 減少了The new unemployment figures have decreased from last month .新的失業(yè)人數(shù)比上個(gè)月有所減少。The newspaper has decreased in size, but not in quality .這份報(bào)紙雖然版面減少了，但質(zhì)量并未降低。The member8 decreased to three hundr

7、ed . 會(huì)員減少至 300 人。The members decreased by three hundred . 會(huì)員減少了 300 人。(2)n.減少，減少的數(shù)量There has been a steady decrease in population in this city .這個(gè)城市的人口在不斷地減少?！就卣埂縪n the decrease 在減少特別提示decrease v.減少近reduce v.減少反increase v.增力口loss【原句回放】loss of bamboo growing areas 竹子生長(zhǎng)地的喪失【點(diǎn)撥】10ss n.(1) U損失；遺失；喪失Did

8、you report the loss of your jewellery to the police?你有沒(méi)有把你丟失珠寶的事告訴警方？(2)損失，損壞The company suffered a heavy loss as a result of that mistake .因?yàn)槟谴五e(cuò)誤，公司損失慘重。He'll try his best to make up the loss .他將努力彌補(bǔ)損失。(3) C輸，未能贏What made him unhappy was the loss of yesterday 's football match . 昨天的足球比賽輸了 使

9、他很不高興?！就卣埂縯he loss of sth.損失/丟失/輸?shù)裟澄飐uffer a loss ( of)蒙受損失make up a loss 彌補(bǔ)損失 at a loss不知所措，困惑 lose one s way 迷路 lose oneself迷路，迷失方向；沉湎于 lose ones balance失去平衡 lose a game/match by (以之差)輸?shù)舯荣恇e lost in 沉迷于聯(lián)想(派生)lose v. 失去；丟失；損失；輸 lost adj.丟失的，失去的，輸?shù)舻?loser n.失敗者5. Wo long Nature Reserve臥龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)reserve

10、【原句回放】 We drove the car slowly and watched the lions in the nature reserve . 我們慢慢駕 車觀察自然保護(hù)區(qū)里的獅子。(1) C保護(hù)區(qū)，禁獵區(qū)(2) C儲(chǔ)藏，儲(chǔ)備I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow s match .我必須為明天的比賽儲(chǔ)備充足的體力。I have little money in reserve . 我?guī)缀鹾翢o(wú)積蓄。(3) v.保留You d better reserve the money for future need .你最好保留那筆錢以

11、備將來(lái)之需。(4) v. (=book)預(yù)約，預(yù)訂We must reserve two seats in the cinema .我們必須在電影院預(yù)訂兩個(gè)座位?！就卣埂縜 forest reserve 保護(hù)林a game reserve 禁獵區(qū) in reserve儲(chǔ)備，備用 without reserve 坦率地，毫無(wú)保留地 keep a reserve of. for( =reserve sth. for)保留以備reservation n. 保留地；居留地 reserved adj.內(nèi)向的；說(shuō)話不多的unreserved adj. 未被預(yù)訂的提示reserve容易與deserve（應(yīng)得

12、；值得）混淆。hunt【原句回放】too much hunting in the 1950s 。20世紀(jì)50年代的過(guò)度獵殺【點(diǎn)撥】hunt v. & n.(1)v.打獵，獵殺Well go hunting this Sunday morning if weather permits .如果天氣允許的話我們周日上午就去打獵。The American natives used to make a living by hunting animals .美洲土著人曾靠打獵為生。(2)v.尋找Knowing a foreign language sometimes is a must in jo

13、b hunting .懂一門外語(yǔ)有時(shí)是找工作的必要條件。(3)n.打獵，尋找He is on the bunt for a better job .他在尋找更好的工作。【拓展】hunting n .(常作動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞用)打獵hunter n . 獵人，狩獵者 huntress n . 女獵人 go hunting 去打獵 a hunting dog 獵狗 a hunting ground 狩獵場(chǎng) hunt for / after 追逐，尋找，搜索contain【原句回放】 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes .它含有一種

14、影響蚊子的強(qiáng)效藥物?！军c(diǎn)撥】contain vt.(1)包含；含有Sea water contains salt and 11 other minerals . (=Salt and 11 other minerals are contained in sea water.)海水中含有鹽和其他11種礦物質(zhì)。This book contains all the information you need .這本書包含你所需要的一切資料。(2)容納The hall can contain 500 people .這個(gè)大廳能容納 500 人。辨析contain 與 includecontain指作為組

15、成部分而被“包含”或“容納”在內(nèi)。include指作為整體中的一部分而被包括進(jìn)去，用于“句子，including+被包括部分“或“句子，被包括部分 +included”。Twenty - three people , including three babies , were injured in the traffic accident. (=Twenty-three people, three babies included , were injured in the traffic accident.)包括三個(gè)嬰兒在內(nèi)，二十三個(gè)人在這次交通事故中受傷?！就卣埂縞ontainer n .容

16、器(如瓶，箱，罐)certain【原句回放】 They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.如果游客付給農(nóng)民錢。他們?cè)试S游客獵取一定數(shù)量的動(dòng)物?！军c(diǎn)撥】certain adj.(1)確定的，確信的，無(wú)疑的搭配 be certain to do sth . 一定會(huì)做某事of(doing)sth.又(做)某事有把握that . 確信He is certain to pass the exam . =It is certain that he wilt pass the

17、exam . 他肯定能通過(guò)考 試。I'm certain of his success. =Im certain that he will succeed .我確信他會(huì)成功。(2)未指明的，若干，一些for a certain reason 為了某種理由I have a certain hesitation . 我有些猶豫。I'm certain that a certain Mr. Smith is asking for you .我確定有個(gè)史密斯先生在找你。【拓展】make certain that .弄清楚，弄明白for certain確定；無(wú)疑to a certain

18、extent 在一定程度上辨析sure 與 certain易混詞辨析例句sure“一定，確信"，一般用語(yǔ)，表7K主觀愿 望或信念，一點(diǎn)也不懷疑。I felt for a time sure of his dishonesty , but this letter makes me certain of his honesty.野-度認(rèn)為他不誠(chéng)實(shí)，但這 封信使我相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。certain語(yǔ)氣比sure強(qiáng)，通常表示有明確的理由或 不容置疑的事實(shí)依據(jù)。特另U提示 sb. be sure / certain that.It's certain that.sb. be sure to

19、 do sth .辨析some 與 certain易混詞辨析例句some表示不知道具體是哪一個(gè)，不可以接復(fù)數(shù) 名詞，如果接復(fù)數(shù)名詞則表示“一些”， 而不是“某個(gè)”。I've read that story before in some book.我以前曾在某書中讀過(guò)那個(gè)故 事。（說(shuō)話人記不起書名了）certain表示知道是某一個(gè)但不明確指出，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。a certain等于 some,后接可數(shù)名 詞單數(shù)。I've read that story before in a certain book.我以前曾在某書中讀過(guò)那個(gè)故 事。（說(shuō)話人可能記得書名，但沒(méi)講出 來(lái)）apprec

20、iate【原句回放】 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together .你們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注我生活的熱帶雨林。并且懂得熱帶雨林的動(dòng)物是如何在一起生活的?！军c(diǎn)撥】 appreciate v.(1)(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí))欣賞，賞識(shí)；重視You can't really appreciate foreign literature in translation .看翻譯作品很難真正欣賞到外國(guó)文學(xué)原著的美妙之處。Her family doesn&

21、#39;t appreciate her .她的家人不重視她。(2)(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí))感激，感謝，歡迎I would appreciate it if you paid in cash .假如你支付現(xiàn)金，我將不勝感激。Your support is greatly appreciated . 十分感謝你的支持。搭配I would appreciate it if . 如果,我將不勝感激。特別提示appreciate后不接to do作賓語(yǔ)，可接doing或名詞、代詞。appreciate通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。succeed【原句回放】 What must be done if wildlife p

22、rotection is to succeed?如果野生生物保護(hù)得以成功，必須做什么？【點(diǎn)撥】 succeed v.成功，達(dá)到目的搭配succeed in( doing) sth.成功地做了某事The plan has succeeded.這個(gè)計(jì)戈U成功了。He succeeded in( passing) the entrance examination .他成功地通過(guò)了升學(xué)考試?！就卣埂縎uccess n 成功,成就successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地success n, 成功的人或事重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)die out【原句回放】 As a result the

23、se endangered animals may even die out .結(jié)果，這些瀕危的動(dòng)物 甚至可能會(huì)滅絕。【點(diǎn)撥】die out(1)(動(dòng)植物物種)滅絕This kind of bird is dying out .這種鳥快要滅絕了。(2)(風(fēng)俗、習(xí)慣等)逐漸消失，消滅Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date .因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，許多傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗已經(jīng)消失。(3)(火)逐漸熄滅The fire is dying out and you'd better add some firewood .

24、火快滅了，你最好添點(diǎn)柴火。【拓展】die away（聲音、光線、風(fēng)等）逐漸平息，漸弱die off（家庭、種族等）相繼滅亡，（草木）先后枯死die down （火、興奮程度等）漸弱，漸息；（=die away）（光線、聲音等）變?nèi)酰ie from因致死（外因，常指情感、疾病之外的原因造成的死亡）die of因而死，死于（內(nèi)因，常指情感、疾病等原因造成的死亡）die a. death死得（death前可用形容詞）辨析die away, die out, die off 與 die down易混短語(yǔ)辨析例句die away（聲音、光線、風(fēng)等）逐漸平息，漸 弱The wind had died

25、 away by dusk . 黃昏時(shí) 風(fēng)逐漸停息了。die out（家庭、物種等）死亡、滅絕Many old customs are gradually dying out.許多舊習(xí)俗在日漸消失。die off（家族、種族等）相繼死去；（草木） 先后枯死The leaves of the tree are dying off . 樹(shù)上 的葉子正相繼枯死。die down（火、興奮程度等）漸弱、漸息；（=die away）（光線、聲音等）變?nèi)酢⑾he noise had died down .喧鬧聲逐漸消失了。protect. from.【原句回放】I'm protecting m

26、yself from mosquitoes .我使自己不被蚊子叮咬?！军c(diǎn)撥】protect. from . 保護(hù)使不受 (傷害)，相當(dāng)于 protect. against. , from/ against是介詞，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞。He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight . 他戴著太陽(yáng)鏡以遮擋 強(qiáng)烈的太陽(yáng)光線。A new material was painted to protect the roof from rain涂上一種新材料以使屋頂防雨?！就卣埂縦eep sb. from doin

27、gstop sb. (from )doingprevent sb . (from) doing阻止某人做be kept / stopped / prevented from doing 被阻止做(from 不能省)pay attention to【原句回放】 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together .你們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注我生活的熱帶雨林。并且懂得熱帶雨林的動(dòng)物是如何在一起生活的?！军c(diǎn)撥】pay attention to注意pay

28、attention to中attention沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)，其前可以用修飾不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量詞，不能用冠詞、所有格等限定詞，to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment . 人們已經(jīng)對(duì)保護(hù)環(huán) 境投入很多注意力了。You speak English well, but you d better pay more attention to your written English .你英語(yǔ)講得很好，但最好對(duì)書面英語(yǔ)多加注意一下?！就卣埂縈ay I have your at

29、tention , please?( =Attention , please!)請(qǐng)汪思！draw/attract / catch/get one's attention to吸引某人對(duì)某事的注意fix/focus one's attention on 各注意力集中于devote one s attention to 專心致志于listen/watch with attention 注意聽(tīng)/觀察Stand at attention . ( =Attention!)立正!提示以上短語(yǔ)中的to, on皆為介詞，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞。in danger【原句回放】 Why are t

30、hey in danger of disappearing?它們?yōu)槭裁刺幱跍缃^的危險(xiǎn)中？【點(diǎn)撥】in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight . Which doctor helped him out of danger? 那小男孩曾經(jīng)處于失明的危險(xiǎn)中，是哪位醫(yī)生幫助他脫離危險(xiǎn)的？辨析dangerous 與 in dangerdangerous是指人、物、事態(tài)可能引起危險(xiǎn)，對(duì)別人構(gòu)成威脅。in danger是指人或物本身處于危險(xiǎn)中，受到外來(lái)的威脅。提示danger表示抽象意義的“危險(xiǎn)”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，表

31、示具體意義“危險(xiǎn)的人 物”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞?！就卣埂縮afe(反義)adj.安全的 safety(反義)n.安全 endangered adj.瀕危的 out of danger脫離危險(xiǎn)脫離險(xiǎn)境 的危險(xiǎn)dangerous adj.危險(xiǎn)的 danger n.危險(xiǎn)endanger v.危及in no danger 沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn) full of danger充滿危險(xiǎn)help. out of danger 幫助一There is a danger of. 有 a danger to. 對(duì)很危險(xiǎn)重點(diǎn)句型1 ."主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)?！驹浠胤拧?When scientists ins

32、pected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the othersbut also climb trees .科學(xué)家們觀察他們的骨頭時(shí)，驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)它們不僅跟其他恐龍一樣能跑。而且還能爬樹(shù)?！军c(diǎn)撥】they were surprised to find 是"主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。(1) “主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to do”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞往往是表示心理活動(dòng)的，接不定式時(shí)，不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，主動(dòng)用 to do;被動(dòng)用to be done。I'm so glad to meet you here .很高興在這里見(jiàn)到你。Your parents will be pleased to receive your present .你父母將很高興收到你的禮物。（2）“主語(yǔ)+be+形