2018高考英語全國1卷1

1、10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和C. 9. 15.C. She s helpful.C. At 10:30.C. By bike.2018 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國I 卷）英語注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30 分）做題時， 先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

2、答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5 小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、 B、 C 三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.答案是C。1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She s generous. B. She s cu

3、rious.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面 5 段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、 C 三個選項(xiàng)中

4、選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5 秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第6、 7 題。6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.聽第 7 段材料，回答第8、 9 題。8. W

5、hat is the man?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxi driver.9. What is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.聽第 8 段材料，回答第10 至 12 題。10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office.

6、B. At home.C. At a restaurant.11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend.C. Work extra hours.12. Who is Alice going to call?A. Mike.B. Joan.C. Catherine.聽第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 題。13. Why does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartment.B. To deliver some f

7、urniture.C. To have a meal together.14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color.B. Its design.C. Its quality.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It s a good size.B. It s newly painted.C. It s adequately equipped.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Go downtown.B. Tal

8、k with her friend.C. Make payment.聽第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 題。17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans. B. News reporters.C. College students.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does t

9、he speaker feel about his teacher?A. Hes proud.B. Hes sympathetic. C. Hes grateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B. How his language skills improved.C. How he managed his business well.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分 ）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題2 分，滿分30 分 ）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、 B、 C

10、 和 D 四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and th

11、e famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms- disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memo

12、rials on the National Mall as your guide sharesunique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking

13、 to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路線) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington

14、Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking

15、as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. C

16、apital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at n

17、ight provide?A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals. D. Safety lights.BGood Morning Britain sSusanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:

18、 Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 均 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she s been able to put a lot of what she s learnt into practice in h

19、er ohome, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, she explains. I' pay 齒 for a portion （ 份），bur Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everyb

20、ody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves”.The eight-part series （系列節(jié)目）, Save Money: Good Food, follows in thefootsteps of ITV s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on

21、 the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family s long weekend of celebration with

22、less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking m

23、aterials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce

24、 a new topic for discussion. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguageshave been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and

25、 a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit （聯(lián)系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,0

26、00 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory educatio

27、n, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is

28、 hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of whic

29、h Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number 中位數(shù)() of speakers is a mere6,000, which means that half the world s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction 消( 亡 ), with only a few elderly spea

30、kers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hun

31、ter-gatherer times?A. They developedvery fast.B. They werelargeinnumber.C. They had similar patterns.D. They werecloselyconnected.29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex.B. Advanced.C. Powerful.D. Modern.30. How many languages are spoken by less than

32、6,000 people at present?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. People s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.DWe

33、may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sightof something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （裝置） well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environmentand our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more en

34、ergy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when

35、we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, a

36、nd LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn t throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, ” sai

37、d one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices

38、with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions 排放（） more than doubling during the 1992to 2007 window.So what s the solution （解決方案 ）? The team s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new elect

39、ronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environmen

40、t-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electric

41、ity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每

42、小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有 兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Color is fundamental in home design something you'll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spacesis one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Pr

43、ofessional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. _37_, they can get a little complex. Bu

44、t good news is that there re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.38. They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors andbaskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. L

45、ess tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39. They require a bigger commit

46、ment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you' re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40.A. While al

47、l of them are usefulB. Whatever you 're looking forC. If you 're experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

48、G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分 語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分） 第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a free“ course, called Thinkin

49、g Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I wereri t _43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an internation

50、al grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. I

51、n order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the54 .Ten years after my chess class w

52、ith Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he 55 me: The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how tomake good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent 附手)is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options：' These words

53、 still ring true today in my 60_ as a journalist.41. A. put forwardB. jumped atC. tried outD.turned down42. A. wasteB. earnC. saveD.pay43. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD.tired44. A. titleB. competitorC. textbookD.instructor45. A. urgedB. demandedC. heldD.meant46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD.rarest47

54、. A. interviewB. meetC. challengeD.beat48. A. chanceB. qualificationC. honorD. job49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD.possible50. A. attendB. passC. skipD.observe51. A. addB. exposeC. applyD.compare52. A. eventuallyB. naturallyC. directlyD.normally53. A. gameB. presentationC. courseD. experiment54. A. cr

55、iterionB. classroomC. departmentD.,situation55. A. taughtB. wroteC. questionedD.promised56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD.skill57. A. gradesB. decisionsC. impressionsD.comments58. A. analyzeB. describeC. rebuildD.control59. A. announceB. signalC. blockD.evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD.behavior第二節(jié)

56、(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die

57、) early by running.While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 64（be） more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and