英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作技巧

1、英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作技巧英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作技巧Lecture of Writing Outline n寫(xiě)作基本要求n過(guò)渡語(yǔ)n替換新詞，改換句式n寫(xiě)作的“四化”n寫(xiě)作增詞的技巧2一、寫(xiě)作基本要求：32. 段落分明2.1 15%的開(kāi)頭，70%的主體，15%的結(jié)尾2.2 每段首行縮進(jìn)4-5個(gè)字母4二、過(guò)渡語(yǔ)n1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序，列舉：First of all，F(xiàn)irstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，F(xiàn)inally，In the end，At lastn2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系的，另外：What is more，Besides，Moreover，F(xiàn)urthermore，In additionn

2、3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系的：However，Although +clause(從句)， On one handOn the other hand；5n4.表因果關(guān)系的：Because，Thus，Therefore，As a resultn5.表?yè)Q一種方式表達(dá)：In other wordsn6.表進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明：For example，句子; For instance，句子; such as+n/doingn7.表陳述事實(shí)：In fact， as a matter of factn8.表達(dá)自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)：As far as I know，In my opinionn9.表總結(jié)：In short，In a wo

3、rd，In conclusion，In summary67三、替換舊詞，改變句式許多考生的作文錯(cuò)誤倒不多，相當(dāng)符合語(yǔ)法要求，但用詞貧乏，過(guò)多許多考生的作文錯(cuò)誤倒不多，相當(dāng)符合語(yǔ)法要求，但用詞貧乏，過(guò)多使用如使用如more and more, I think, as you knowmore and more, I think, as you know等表達(dá)，并且句子結(jié)構(gòu)等表達(dá)，并且句子結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單。過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單。統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果表明，統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果表明，差的作文中簡(jiǎn)單句多，而好的作文簡(jiǎn)單句少差的作文中簡(jiǎn)單句多，而好的作文簡(jiǎn)單句少；差的作差的作文從句、連詞、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)的頻率大大低于好的作文文從句、連詞、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)

4、出現(xiàn)的頻率大大低于好的作文；差的作文中差的作文中關(guān)鍵詞和同義表達(dá)出現(xiàn)的頻率低于好的作文關(guān)鍵詞和同義表達(dá)出現(xiàn)的頻率低于好的作文。用詞的豐富和句式的多。用詞的豐富和句式的多樣應(yīng)該主要通過(guò)多看好文章，仔細(xì)琢磨好文章中的用詞和句子來(lái)提高。樣應(yīng)該主要通過(guò)多看好文章，仔細(xì)琢磨好文章中的用詞和句子來(lái)提高。換句話(huà)說(shuō)，也就是要從閱讀中學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作。換句話(huà)說(shuō)，也就是要從閱讀中學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作。8在措詞方面存在的問(wèn)題：在措詞方面存在的問(wèn)題：1 1、可供、可供“調(diào)遣調(diào)遣”的詞匯量貧乏，局限于中學(xué)詞匯。的詞匯量貧乏，局限于中學(xué)詞匯。比如，我們一提到比如，我們一提到“重要的重要的”大多數(shù)同學(xué)首先會(huì)想到大多數(shù)同學(xué)首先會(huì)想到“impor

5、tantimportant”這個(gè)單詞這個(gè)單詞它的如下同義詞：它的如下同義詞：significant, vital, crucial, significant, vital, crucial, criticalcritical， etcetc92 2、表達(dá)相近意義時(shí)，常重復(fù)用一個(gè)詞，用詞單調(diào)。、表達(dá)相近意義時(shí)，常重復(fù)用一個(gè)詞，用詞單調(diào)。比如，我們一提到比如，我們一提到“大大” 大多數(shù)同學(xué)首先會(huì)想到大多數(shù)同學(xué)首先會(huì)想到“bigbig”這個(gè)單詞這個(gè)單詞 它的如下同義詞：它的如下同義詞：great, large, huge, vast, great, large, huge, vast, enormo

6、us enormous etc.在措詞方面存在的問(wèn)題：在措詞方面存在的問(wèn)題：10應(yīng)對(duì)之策應(yīng)對(duì)之策 1 1、調(diào)動(dòng)大學(xué)期間學(xué)過(guò)的更生動(dòng)，更豐富的詞匯。、調(diào)動(dòng)大學(xué)期間學(xué)過(guò)的更生動(dòng)，更豐富的詞匯。Eg. Eg. 引起、導(dǎo)致引起、導(dǎo)致 Cause, lead to, result in, bring about, Cause, lead to, result in, bring about, give rise/birth togive rise/birth to112 2、用具體，生動(dòng)，有針對(duì)性的詞語(yǔ)。、用具體，生動(dòng)，有針對(duì)性的詞語(yǔ)。Eg. Eg. 利用利用 Use, make use of, Use

7、, make use of, make (good, effective, wide, wise, full) make (good, effective, wide, wise, full) use of sth, use of sth, take (full) advantage oftake (full) advantage of 123 3、文中如需要多次表達(dá)同一詞義時(shí)，以同義詞，、文中如需要多次表達(dá)同一詞義時(shí)，以同義詞，近義詞等避免重復(fù)使用同一詞。近義詞等避免重復(fù)使用同一詞。Eg. Eg. 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)Adapt to, adjust to, makefit, get used Adap

8、t to, adjust to, makefit, get used to, be accustomed toto, be accustomed to 13少用老掉牙詞匯少用老掉牙詞匯n垃圾詞匯垃圾詞匯: helpful helpful 典型例句典型例句:Sth is helpful (to sb)n替代語(yǔ)替代語(yǔ) conducive有助于有助于 e.g Sth is conducive to sbn垃圾詞匯垃圾詞匯:thinkthink 典型例句典型例句:i think - -n替代語(yǔ)替代語(yǔ)deem， harbor the idea that n垃圾詞匯垃圾詞匯: because becaus

9、e 典型例句典型例句:xxx because xxxn替代語(yǔ)替代語(yǔ) in that/in as much asn垃圾詞匯垃圾詞匯: aboutabout 典型例句典型例句:it is about 250 times of thatn替代語(yǔ)替代語(yǔ) it is approximately -n垃圾詞匯垃圾詞匯: if ifn替代語(yǔ)替代語(yǔ)provided，supposingn1. people, persons的替換詞的替換詞: individuals, characters, folks n2. good的替換詞的替換詞: positive, favorable, rosy (美好美好的的)，pr

10、omising (有希望的有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstandingn3. bad的替換詞的替換詞: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse(有害的有害的) 如果如果 bad 做表語(yǔ)，可以有做表語(yǔ)，可以有 be less impressive 代替代替 24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞n4. many的替換詞的替換詞: an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of , many if not most. nEg. Many

11、individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.n 5. some的替換詞的替換詞: a slice of, quiet a few , severaln 6. thing的替換詞的替換詞: affair, business ,matter16n7. think的替換詞的替換詞: harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged thatn8. commo

12、n的替換詞的替換詞: sharedn9. get much benefit的替換詞的替換詞: reap huge fruitsn10. in my opinion的替換詞的替換詞: for my part ,from my own perspective 24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞n11. more and more的替換詞的替換詞: increasingly, growing 當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用 increasing/growing. n修飾形容詞，副詞用修飾形容詞，副詞用 increasingly n注意沒(méi)有注意沒(méi)有g(shù)rowingly 這種形式這種形式. nEg. sth ha

13、s gained growing popularity. n sth is increasingly popular. n12 helpful的替換詞的替換詞:benefitial rewardingn13. very的替換詞的替換詞: exceedingly,extremely24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞n14. cause的替換詞的替換詞: give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger n15. reasons for sth的替換詞的替換詞: there are several reasons behind sthn16. want 的替換詞的替換詞

14、: desiren17. pay attention to的替換詞的替換詞: pour attention inton18. remember的替換詞的替換詞: bear in mind that24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞19n19. sb be interested in sth的替換詞的替換詞: sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb n20. attract ones attention的替換詞的替換詞: capture ones attentionn21. have的替換詞的替換詞: enjoy, po

15、ssess24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞20n22. communication的替換詞的替換詞: interactionn23. be against, disagree with sth 的替換詞：的替換詞：frown on sthn24. for example 的替換詞：的替換詞： to name only a few, as an example24個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞個(gè)經(jīng)典替換詞21善用詞組善用詞組 如果我們能夠在單詞的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步想到與之同義的詞組，如果我們能夠在單詞的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步想到與之同義的詞組，那么文章就會(huì)顯得與眾不同，更具有英語(yǔ)的味道。那么文章就會(huì)顯得與眾不同，更具有英語(yǔ)的味道

16、。比如上面所說(shuō)的比如上面所說(shuō)的“重要的重要的”這個(gè)單詞，當(dāng)我們想到這個(gè)單詞，當(dāng)我們想到importantimportant的時(shí)候，如果從語(yǔ)法角度再稍加考慮一下，我們的時(shí)候，如果從語(yǔ)法角度再稍加考慮一下，我們會(huì)想到會(huì)想到“be of importancebe of importance”。因?yàn)椋Z(yǔ)法中規(guī)定：形容詞。因?yàn)?，語(yǔ)法中規(guī)定：形容詞等于等于ofof加這個(gè)形容詞的名詞形式。加這個(gè)形容詞的名詞形式。如果再提升一步，我們還學(xué)過(guò)一個(gè)常用的詞組如果再提升一步，我們還學(xué)過(guò)一個(gè)常用的詞組“play an play an important role in-important role in-”-”。22

17、句型多樣，制造亮點(diǎn)句型多樣，制造亮點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)單句，并列句和復(fù)合句交替使用，靈活使用各種句簡(jiǎn)單句，并列句和復(fù)合句交替使用，靈活使用各種句子結(jié)構(gòu)如：子結(jié)構(gòu)如：插入語(yǔ)，倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，插入語(yǔ)，倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句等。等。若要寫(xiě)好作文，要寫(xiě)好句子，首先要掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)和若要寫(xiě)好作文，要寫(xiě)好句子，首先要掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句式變化及句子類(lèi)型，可通過(guò)對(duì)泛讀課文經(jīng)典句子的句式變化及句子類(lèi)型，可通過(guò)對(duì)泛讀課文經(jīng)典句子的背誦提高應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言基本句型的能力。背誦提高應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言基本句型的能力。Imitation is a good way to learn.Imitation is a good way

18、 to learn.23適當(dāng)用代替主動(dòng)，這樣能更客觀(guān)的反映事實(shí)適當(dāng)用代替主動(dòng)，這樣能更客觀(guān)的反映事實(shí), ,句子開(kāi)頭不要句子開(kāi)頭不要總是用總是用we / I (we / I (比如不用比如不用 we should pay attention we should pay attention toto 而用而用 Attention should be paid to.Attention should be paid to. ) )In a word, the local government should take In a word, the local government should tak

19、e effective measures to solve the problem.effective measures to solve the problem.It is, therefore, high time that some applicable It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the local approaches were implemented by the local government like ernment like t

20、hat. 被動(dòng)句以及倒裝句被動(dòng)句以及倒裝句24四、寫(xiě)作的四、寫(xiě)作的“四化四化”：a. 語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確化語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確化 b. 語(yǔ)言多樣化語(yǔ)言多樣化 c. 結(jié)構(gòu)清晰化結(jié)構(gòu)清晰化 d. 內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單化內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單化uRecently, the problem of has aroused peoples concern. uInternet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious proble

21、ms as well. uRecently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. uInflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.Beginning 文章開(kāi)頭uPeoples views on vary from person to person. Some hold that .

22、However, others believe that. uAttitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. uThere are different opinions among people as to People may have different opinions on uDifferent people hold different attitudes toward (failure). Different opinions不同意見(jiàn)uAs far as something is concerned, . uIt was

23、obvious that uIt may be true that, but it doesnt mean that uIt is natural to believe that , but we shouldnt ignore that uThere is no evidence to suggest that Incorrect opinionsuFrom my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. uI cannot entirely agree

24、with the idea that uPersonally, I am standing on the side of uI sincerely believe that uIn my opinion, it is more advisable to do than to do. uFinally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why Your opinionsuThis phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. uWhy did ? For one thing F

25、or another. Perhaps the primary reason is uI quite agree with the statement that the reasons are chiefly as follows. The reasonsuHere are some suggestions for handling uThe best way to solve the troubles is uPeople have figured out many ways to solve this problem. SolutionsuThe primary reason is/ to

26、 begin with/to start with/In the first place ubesides/furthermore/in addition/whats more ulast but not least；uPreviously, simultaneously, eventually；uFor one thing, for anotheruOn one hand, on the other handSequence 順序uTaking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion

27、that uTaking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that uHence/Therefore, wed better come to the conclusion thatuThere is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits. uAll in all, we cannot live without But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise. Conclusion結(jié)論uIt is high time that we put an end to the (trend). uIt is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the improvement of uThere is no