英語高考試題——山東卷解析

1、2011年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試(山東卷)英語第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）語法和詞匯知識(shí)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。21.Take your time-its just_short distance from here to_restaurant.A.不填；the B. a; the C. the; a D.不填；a【答案】B【解析】考察冠詞。a short distance一段很短的距離;the restaurant表特指。22.-Im sorry I broken the va

2、se.-Oh,_. It wasnt very expensive.A. youd better notB. Im afraid notC. as you wishD. thats all right【答案】D【解析】考察交際用語。道歉語境，句意為：對(duì)不起，我打碎了花瓶。沒關(guān)系，它也不貴。23.Find ways to praise your children often,_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. tillB. orC. andD. but【答案】C【解析】考察連詞。根據(jù)上句和下句的邏輯關(guān)系，很容易判斷出上下句之間是并

3、列關(guān)系，答案為C。24.The two girls are so alike that strangers find_ difficult to tell one from the other.A. itB. themC. herD. that【答案】A【解析】考察代詞。it做形式賓語真正賓語是后面to不定式。25.They are broadening the bridge to_ the flow of traffic.A. put offB. speed upC. turn onD. work out【答案】B【解析】考察動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為：他們正在拓寬橋面來加快交通流量。put off

4、推遲 ；turn on打開； work out解決；算出；實(shí)現(xiàn)。26.Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is_ he never finishes anything.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】D【解析】考察表語從句。句意為他是一個(gè)空談家多于實(shí)干家，這就是他為什么什么也沒完成的原因。27.Look over there-theres a very long, winding path_up to the house.A. leadingB. leadsC. ledD. to lead【答案】A

5、29.-Are you going to Toms birthday party?-_.I might have to work.A. It dependsB. Thank youC. Sound greatD. Dont mention it31.When I got on the bus,I_I had left my wallet at home.A. was realizingB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize【答案】B【解析】考察時(shí)態(tài)。由When I got on the bus可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。32.The old town

6、has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that【答案】C【解析】考察主語從句。從句且缺主語,能做主語只有C what。33.Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. which【答案】C35. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everythi

7、ng!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating【答案】B【解析】考察時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：她驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)冰箱空了，孩子已經(jīng)吃玩了冰箱里的東西，所以吃應(yīng)該是在過去的過去。第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D），選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old. My brother and his fri

8、ends were all _36_ of a heavy metal group called Black Wednesday. When they _37_ that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought _38_ for performance. However, at the last minute, once of the friends couldnt go, so my brother _39_ me the ticket. I was really _40_! I

9、remember the buzz (嘈雜聲) of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our _41_ . After a few minutes, the lights went down and everybody became _42_. I could barely make out the stage in the _43_. We waited. Then there was a roar from the crowd, like an explosion, as the first members of the band

10、 _44_ the stage. My brother leaned over and shouted something in my ear, but I couldnt _45_ what he was saying. The first song was already starting and the music was as _46_ a jet engine. I could _47_ the drum beats and bass notes in my stomach.I cant recall any of the songs that the band played. I

11、just _48_ that I really enjoyed the show and didnt want it to _ 49_. But in the end, after three encores (加演), the show finished. We left the 50_ and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement. I felt a little dizzy, as if I had just 51_from a long sleep. My ears were still 52_with the beat of the last

12、 song.After the 53 , I became a Black Wednesday fan too for a few years before getting into other kinds of music. Once in a while, 54_, I listen to one of their songs and 55_Im back at that first show.36. A. members B. friends C. fans D. volunteers37. A. guessed B. discovered C. thought D. predicted

13、38. A. flowers B. drinks C. clothes D. tickets39. A. booked B. offered C. returned D. found40. A. relaxed B. embarrassed C. excited D. encouraged41. A. seats B. entrance C. spots D. space42. A. comfortable B. quite C. serious D. nervous43. A. silence B. noise C. darkness D. smoke44. A.fell upon B.go

14、t through C.broke into D.stepped onto45. A.forget B.hear C. repeat D. bear46. A.loud B.heard C. sweet D. fast47. A.feel B.touch C. enjoy D. digest48. A.realize B.understand C.believe D. remember49. A.continue B.delay C.finish D. change50. A.party B.theatre C. opera D. stage51. A.escaped B.traveled C

15、. benefited D. woken52. A.aching B.burning C. ringing D. rolling53. A.competition B. performance C. interview D. celebration54. A.through B.otherwise C. instead D. besides55. A.decide B.regret C. conclude D. imagine【文章大意】講述的是作者回憶18歲的往事，作者通過對(duì)自己美好童年的回憶，對(duì)音樂會(huì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的描述，生動(dòng)了體現(xiàn)了作者和當(dāng)代90后們一樣的對(duì)于音樂的狂熱之情。39. 【答案】B42

16、.【答案】B【解析】考察形容詞， "燈熄滅了，大家都變得_"所以排除A"舒服"，C"嚴(yán)肅"D"緊張"，所以答案是B"安靜"。43.【答案】C【解析】燈全黑了，作者應(yīng)該是"分辨不出"舞臺(tái)是什么樣子的，所以make out 可以理解為分辨出。所以，作者應(yīng)該處于"黑暗中"，答案是C44.【答案】D【解析】考察動(dòng)詞，與之相關(guān)的名詞是member band stage，所以這里的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為："樂隊(duì)成員_舞臺(tái)"，所以答案是D"走上"

17、;。45.【答案】B【解析】考察動(dòng)詞，與之相關(guān)的動(dòng)詞是shout，哥哥在我耳邊喊了一些什么，但是我不能"聽見"應(yīng)該是最合理的，所以答案是B。末尾的in my stomach顯然是一個(gè)客觀上的部位，我們的肚子是沒有辦法享受音樂的。48.【答案】D【解析】考察動(dòng)詞，我想不起他們演奏過的歌曲，我只_我很享受他們的演出。所以答案是D"記得"。sleep不能構(gòu)成主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。52.【答案】C【解析】考察動(dòng)詞，與之相關(guān)的名詞是ears，beats，last song， "我的耳邊_最后一首歌曲的節(jié)奏"所以答案是C"回響"。53.

18、【答案】B【解析】考察performance"演出"這個(gè)詞是全文的主旋律，一群瘋狂粉絲看一場(chǎng)演出，演出之后又多了一個(gè)瘋狂粉絲的故事。54.【答案】D第三部分 閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分） 閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A Arthur Miller(1915-2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Millers father had moved to the U

19、SA from Austria HungaryDrawn like so many other by the“Great American Dream”However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the earlv l930s. Milles's most famous play, Death of a SaIesman, is a powerful attack on the American syste

20、m.with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into double with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment : if he

21、can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his lack of sucess. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. When it was first staged in 1949 ,the pl

22、ay was greeted with enthusiastic revews,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play,the New York Drama Critics Circle Award,and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards. Millerl died of hear failure at his home in Roxbury,Connecticut,on the evening of Feb

23、ruary 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.56. Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA?A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B. He was attracted by the "Great American Dream.C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.D

24、. His family business failed.57. The play Death of a SalesmanA. exposes the cruelty of the American business worldB. discusses the ways to get promoted in a companyC. talks about the business career of Arthur MillerD. focuses on the skills in doing business58. What can we learn about Willy Loman?A.

25、He treats his employer badly.B. He runs the Wagner Company.C. He is a victim of the American system.D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.59. After it was first staged, Death of a SalesmanA. achieved huge successB.won the first Tony AwardC. was warmly welcomed by salesmenD. was severely atta

26、cked by dramatists60. What is the text mainly about?A. Arthur Miller and his family.B. The awards Arthur Miller won.C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.D.Arthur Miller and his best-known play.【文章大意】文章介紹了劇作家Arthur Miller和他最有名的作品Death of a Salesman推銷員之死。56.答案B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的Millers father had mo

27、ved to the USA from Austria HungaryDrawn like so many other by the“Great American Dream”可以得出答案。60.答案D。主旨大意題。文章介紹了劇作家Arthur Miller和他最有名的作品Death of a Salesman推銷員之死。B Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York-he in computers, she in special education. "Te

28、aching means everything to us," Tim would say. In April1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Doll

29、y Parton' s foundation (基金會(huì)) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire," Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, "as a reminder.

30、" Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library .com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up

31、 online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish,” says Linda. The books-reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama

32、 series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of .” Th

33、e Richters spend about 400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die,” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”61.What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?A. His health problem. B .His love for teaching.C.The influenc

34、e of his wife. D .The news from the Web.62.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?A.Give out brochures. B .Do something similar.C. Write books for children D. Retire from being a teacher.63.According to the text, Dollly Parton is .A. a well-known surgeon B. a mother of a fo

35、ur-year-oldC. a singer born in Tennessee D .a computer programmer64.Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?A. To avoid signing up online.B. To meet Dollywood board members.C. To make sure the books were the newest.D. To see if the books were of good quality.65.What can we learn from Tims words in the

36、last paragraph?A. He needs more money to help the children.B. He wonders why some people are so busy.C. He tries to save those waiting to die.D. Hconsiders his efforts worthwhile.【文章大意】文章通過介紹Richter夫婦從接觸一個(gè)名為Imagination Library的項(xiàng)目到成立自己的基金會(huì)的歷程并找到生活的真正價(jià)值61.答案A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第1段的he learned he would need a he

37、art operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose.可知答案。C Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her

38、husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart. “I have two kids in college, and I want to say come home, but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid form the schools, and each son increase

39、d his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (貸款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school. With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying

40、for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around. At the same time, tuition（學(xué)費(fèi)）continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and

41、 fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade, “If we go on this way for another 25years, we wont have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The mid

42、dle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.” Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making

43、 them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.66. According to Paragraph 1, why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?A. The twins wasted too much money.B. The father was out of work

44、.C. Their saving ran out.D. The family fell apart.67. How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem?A. They asked their kids to come home.B. They borrowed $20,000 from the school.C. They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.D. They got help from the school and the federal government.68

45、. Financial aid administrators believe that _.A. more families will face the same problem as the JacobsesB. the government will receive more letters of complaintC. college tuition fees will double soonD. Americas unemployment will fall69.What can we learn about the middle class families from the tex

46、t?A. They blamed the government for the tuition increase.B. Their income remained steady in the last decade.C. They will try their best to send kids to college.D. Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.70.According to the last paragraph, the government will .A. provide most students will schol

47、arshipsB. dismiss some financial aid administratorsC. stop the companies from making student loansD. go on providing financial support for college students【文章大意】這是一篇關(guān)于學(xué)費(fèi)貸款的文章。66.答案B。根據(jù)文章第一段的her husband lost his job可以得出，雙胞胎兒子好上學(xué)交學(xué)費(fèi)，丈夫事業(yè)，家庭陷入困境。停止，兩者是對(duì)立關(guān)系。DSince the 1970s, scientists have been searchi

48、ng for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small roboti

49、c wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spi

50、nal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”The research

51、ers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(頭皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer reac

52、t to commands from the brain. Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communicat

53、ion, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit frotn. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.71.BCI is a t

54、echnology that can A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recover D. control a person's thoughts72. How" did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine.C. By moving hi

55、s hand. D. By using his mind.73. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?A. scalpcomputercapwheelchairB. computercapscalpwheelchairC. scalpcapcomputerwheelchairD. capcomputerscalpwheelchair74. The team will test with real patients to A. make profits from them B.

56、 prove the technology useful to themC. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition75. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Switzerland, the BCI Research CenterB. New Findings About How the Human Brain WorksC. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledD. Robotic V