備戰(zhàn)2013年高考英語定語從句

1、多年從事中學(xué)英語教學(xué)與 研究，輔導(dǎo)過沈陽(yáng)7中，省實(shí)驗(yàn)，東北育才,120中學(xué)等學(xué)校學(xué)生多名，提分效果明顯。主編教材：快樂寒假（北京教育出版社） 高中英語閱讀（外語教學(xué)與研究出版社） 高中英語語法（外語教學(xué)與研究出版社） 英語口語（宇航出版社）等吳老師備戰(zhàn)吳老師備戰(zhàn)20132013屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)吳老師編著著作備戰(zhàn)備戰(zhàn)20132013年遼寧高考英語年遼寧高考英語定語從句（定語從句（2012-2008遼寧省高考題）遼寧省高考題）2009（定語從句）（定語從句）23.Theyve won their last three matches,_I find a bit surprisi

2、ng.lA.that B. when 1. C. what D. which英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式1限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別（1）形式上不同）形式上不同非限制性定語從句在書寫時(shí)往往用逗號(hào)和主句分開非限制性定語從句在書寫時(shí)往往用逗號(hào)和主句分開,而限制性定語從句不用逗號(hào)與主句分開。而限制性定語從句不用逗號(hào)與主句分開。Last night I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March.The man whom I met in the street

3、was a driver.（2）可否省略的不同）可否省略的不同限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義主句的意思就不完整或失去意義,而非限制性定而非限制性定語從句是對(duì)先行詞作的附加說明語從句是對(duì)先行詞作的附加說明,即使去掉即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。主句的意思仍然完整。I was the only person in my office who was invited.They set up a state of their own, where they would be free to kee

4、p Negroes as slaves.（3）關(guān)系代詞的不同）關(guān)系代詞的不同非限制性定語從句不能用非限制性定語從句不能用that代替代替who,whom和和which,并且關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時(shí)也不能并且關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時(shí)也不能省略省略,但在限制性定語從句中卻恰恰相反。但在限制性定語從句中卻恰恰相反。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.She sang a new song, which we liked very much.（4）翻譯方式不同）翻譯方式不同限制性定語從句往往譯在先行詞之前限制性定語從句往

5、往譯在先行詞之前,而非限制性定語從句往往譯為一個(gè)并列的句子。而非限制性定語從句往往譯為一個(gè)并列的句子。She is the nurse who looks after the children.This note was left by Xiao Wu, who was here a moment ago.比較比較:He has a brother, who lives in Beijing. (有一個(gè)哥哥。有一個(gè)哥哥。) He has a brother who lives in Beijing. (可能有幾個(gè)哥哥可能有幾個(gè)哥哥,其中一個(gè)是住在北京的。其中一個(gè)是住在北京的。) 英語定語從句的

6、命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式2 as與與which在非限制性定語從句中的用法區(qū)別在非限制性定語從句中的用法區(qū)別as和和which作為關(guān)系代詞都可以用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句作為關(guān)系代詞都可以用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代整個(gè)主句所表達(dá)的指代整個(gè)主句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容內(nèi)容,在從句中作主語或賓語在從句中作主語或賓語,但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌袇^(qū)別。但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌袇^(qū)別。（1）相同之處）相同之處當(dāng)從句位于主句之后當(dāng)從句位于主句之后,引導(dǎo)詞指代整個(gè)主句所表達(dá)的全部意義時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞指代整個(gè)主句所表達(dá)的全部意義時(shí),as和和which可以互換可以互換The elephant is like a snake, a

7、s/which everybody can see.He is an Englishman, as/which I know from his accent.（2）不同之處）不同之處as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí),位置比較靈活位置比較靈活,可位于主句之前可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之中或之也可位于主句之中或之后后,而而which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句只能位于主句之后引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句只能位于主句之后,不能謂語主句之前。不能謂語主句之前。Robert is good at languages, as we all know. As is known to all, China

8、will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. He changed his mind, which made me very angry.As is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.Air, as we know, is a gas.英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式2012高考回顧高考回顧(2012安徽安徽) 29. lot of language lea

9、rning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. as B. it C. which D. this注意：注意：as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句常有引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句常有“如同如同那樣那樣”的含義的含義,因此在一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)如因此在一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)如as we know/as is known to all(眾所眾所周知周知),as we all can see(正如我們大家都能看到的那

10、樣正如我們大家都能看到的那樣),as has been said before/above(正如前文所述正如前文所述),as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那樣正如所指出的那樣),as might be imagined(可可以想象得到以想象得到),as might be expected(正如所預(yù)料的那樣正如所預(yù)料的那樣),as is often the case(情況常常是這樣情況常常是這樣)等中等中,一般不能用一般不能用which代代替替as。搭配上搭配上,在由在由the same或或such所修飾的名詞后通常用所修飾的名詞后通常用as作關(guān)作關(guān)系代詞引出限制性定語

11、從句。系代詞引出限制性定語從句。英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式I have got into the same trouble as he (has).我遇到了與他一樣的麻煩。我遇到了與他一樣的麻煩。Ive never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.我從未聽過像他講得那么我從未聽過像他講得那么有趣的故事。有趣的故事。which引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句,可以用可以用and this代替代替,意思是意思是“這件這件事事”；as引導(dǎo)的從句主要起連接上下文的作用引導(dǎo)的

12、從句主要起連接上下文的作用,表達(dá)說話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法表達(dá)說話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法,并指出并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等。例如：主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等。例如：He sold his bicycle, which surprised me. (=He sold his bicycle, and this surprised me.)William became the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, which made her mother very proud.當(dāng)當(dāng)which在從句中指代的是先行詞本身而不是主

13、句時(shí)在從句中指代的是先行詞本身而不是主句時(shí),不可用不可用as代替代替which。The apple tree, which I planted last year, has not borne any fruit.The book, which I bought yesterday, is very instructive.在從句中作主語時(shí)在從句中作主語時(shí),which既可作系動(dòng)詞既可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語的主語,也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語,而而as只可只可作系動(dòng)詞作系動(dòng)詞be的主語。的主語。He married her, which was natural. He saw the g

14、irl, which delighted him. He was late for class again, which made the teacher very angry. as引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上不可與主語相悖引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上不可與主語相悖,而而which引導(dǎo)的從句則不受此限制。例如引導(dǎo)的從句則不受此限制。例如：Mummy treats me like a baby, which I cant bear.The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadnt expected.The weather turned out t

15、o be very good, which was more than we could expect.英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句和定語從句都可由同位語從句和定語從句都可由that,when,where等與主句連接起來等與主句連接起來,其結(jié)構(gòu)都是其結(jié)構(gòu)都是“名詞名詞+從句從句”。辨別這種結(jié)構(gòu)是同位語從句還是定語從句有兩種方法。辨別這種結(jié)構(gòu)是同位語從句還是定語從句有兩種方法。1、關(guān)聯(lián)詞是否擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分、關(guān)聯(lián)詞是否擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分如果如果that在其引導(dǎo)的從句中承擔(dān)一個(gè)成分在其引導(dǎo)的從句中承擔(dān)一個(gè)成分(如主

16、語、賓語或表語如主語、賓語或表語),則該從句是定語從句；否則是則該從句是定語從句；否則是同位語從句。同位語從句。The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. This is the fact that you must know clearly. 2、是否具有疑問意義、是否具有疑問意義當(dāng)當(dāng)when,where等引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)等引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),其意義與先行詞有關(guān)其意義與先行詞有關(guān),與先行詞的意義基本相同與先行詞的意義基本相同,沒有疑問意義沒有疑問意義；但它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)；但它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí),其意義與被同位的詞毫無關(guān)

17、系其意義與被同位的詞毫無關(guān)系,其義完全與疑問詞相同其義完全與疑問詞相同,即即when表表“什么時(shí)候什么時(shí)候”,where表表“哪兒哪兒”。它們引導(dǎo)兩種從句時(shí)。它們引導(dǎo)兩種從句時(shí),都在從句中作狀語。都在從句中作狀語。I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? This is the house where I lived two

18、years ago.I have no idea when she will be back.They arose the question where we were to get the machines needed.英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式英語定語從句的命題設(shè)計(jì)常見模式 更多模式請(qǐng)關(guān)注吳老師課堂！更多模式請(qǐng)關(guān)注吳老師課堂！定語從句（定語從句（20122012全國(guó)高考題全國(guó)高考題1 1）(2012山東山東) 23. Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. A. them