九年級英語語法復習_動詞及句子成分_課件

1、Review動詞的種類：動詞的種類：1.實意動詞實意動詞 play get put walk take run go come do 2.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 can could must need may might would should have to ought to had better 3.連系動詞連系動詞 be become keep get turn look sound smell feel taste seem stay go 4.助動詞助動詞 do does did will have /has had be (am is are was were ) would shal

2、l should注有些單詞可能有兩種。如有些單詞可能有兩種。如 look get turn feel have has had 等。但他們在不同的句子中的意思是不一樣的。動詞的六種基本形式：動詞的六種基本形式：1. do (1. do (動詞原形）動詞原形）2. does (2. does (動詞的單數(shù)三人稱）動詞的單數(shù)三人稱）3. did (3. did (動詞的過去式）動詞的過去式）4. doing (4. doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）現(xiàn)在分詞）5. done (5. done (過去分詞）過去分詞） 6. to do (6. to do (不定式不定式) )謂語動詞非謂語動詞非謂語動詞及物動

3、詞和不及物動詞: 及物動詞后面能直接帶賓語及物動詞后面能直接帶賓語,而不及物動詞后面不能直接而不及物動詞后面不能直接 帶賓語帶賓語.英語中還有些動詞既可用作用及物動詞英語中還有些動詞既可用作用及物動詞,又可用作又可用作 不及物動詞不及物動詞. 如如 1. I study painting at school. 2. I dont know the answer. 3. He is reading a book. 4. He is reading . 5. I saw her dancing. 6. Lily is singing. 7. The boy laughed at last. ( 及

4、物 )( 及物 )( 及物 )(不及物)( 及物 )(不及物)(不及物)持續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞持續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞: 持續(xù)性動詞是能持續(xù)發(fā)生一段時間的動作持續(xù)性動詞是能持續(xù)發(fā)生一段時間的動作. 終止性動詞是不能持續(xù)發(fā)生一段時間的動作終止性動詞是不能持續(xù)發(fā)生一段時間的動作,瞬間發(fā)生瞬間發(fā)生 瞬間結(jié)束的動作。瞬間結(jié)束的動作。1.Her grandfather has been dead for ten years. ( )2.Her grandfather has died for ten years. ( )3.How long can I borrow the book? ( )4.His

5、mother has been away since last Tuesday. ( )YYNNdie _ borrow _jion _ _open _leave _close _buy _begin _come _be deadbe away (from)keepbe closedbe in be a member ofhavebe on be openbe here/stay/live句子的成分句子的成分: 由不同的詞類的單詞,按照一定的語法規(guī)則組合在一起,能表達一個完整意思的語言單位叫做句子. 一個句子由各個功能不同的部分構(gòu)成,這些部分叫做句子成分.英語的句子成分有八種: 主語主語 He

6、 will take you to the hospital.謂語動詞謂語動詞 Tom was very sick at heart.表語表語 The match became very exciting.賓語賓語 We havent seen her for a long time.定語定語 China is a developing country.狀語狀語 These products are selling quickly .賓語補足語賓語補足語 I found watching movies frustrating.主語補足語主語補足語簡單簡單句句由一由一個個主主語語(或或并并列主列

7、主語語)和一和一個謂語個謂語(或或并并列列謂語謂語)構(gòu)構(gòu)成的句子叫成的句子叫簡單簡單句句簡單句的五種基本句型：簡單句的五種基本句型： 主語主語+謂語（不及物動詞）謂語（不及物動詞） My leg hurts. He has got up. They set off early. 主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語 She likes English. They want to go home.2 主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語（謂語動詞為系動詞）表語（謂語動詞為系動詞） His face turned red. My father is at home. 主語主語+謂語謂語+間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓語

8、直接賓語 He gave Tom a present. He gave a present to Tom He bought it for his mother. 主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+賓語補足語賓語補足語 I found it very interesting. There be 句型句型 表示存在有表示存在有 There will be a sports meeting in our school next week . there be 結(jié)構(gòu)有各種時態(tài)，be 動詞應(yīng)遵循就近原則判斷下列各句中屬于簡單句的哪種基本句型1.It rained very heavily last nig

9、ht.2.Please pass me the sugar.3.Michael found Chinese interesting.4.I like apples a lot.5.You look smart today.6.We always work hard at English.7.They love each other.8.She watched her daughter playing the piano.9. Your job today is to help the old .10.The children bought their parents a car.翻譯下列句子明

10、天上午四節(jié)課，它們是語文、數(shù)學、英語和體育?？悼得刻祢T自行車上學。我昨晚做家庭作業(yè)和看電視。請你給我一本有趣的書，好嗎？穿紅衣服的那個女孩認識名叫王海的男孩。游泳是一項很好的運動。他棋下得很好。我經(jīng)常聽他唱英語歌曲。你能告訴我去郵局的路嗎？10 我有重要的事告訴你。There will be four classes tomorrow morning.Theyer Chinese ,math,English and P.E.KangKang goes to school by bike every day.I did my homework and watched Tv yesterday e

11、vening.Could you give me an interesting book?The girl in red knows the boy named Wang Hai.Swimming is a kind of good sport.He plays chess very well./He is good at playing chess.I often hear him sing English songs.Could you tell me the way to the post office?I have something important to tell you.Let

12、s check up the answers.1. to save2. climbing3. to learn4. is reported5. is 6. was ; thinking; to help7. be done ; happening 8. spoken ; speaking9. to stay ; go10. to send1. exactly2. deeply3. inventor4. frightened5. natural6. pointing7. receiving8. preferred9. discussion10. excitedSample :Boys and g

13、irls, Good afternoon. Today lets talk about getting on-line. Many students like getting on-line very much. They canlearn how to use the modern machine computer. They can learnsome more knowledge. It can make them clever to play differentkinds of games. But some students spend too much time in playin

14、g games.Some even make friends on-line though they are young. Theywrite too many letters to each other. It takes them too much time. So they do worse and worse in their lessons. I think they mustnt get on-line when they are studying at school. They can do it in summer or winter holidays.例如： 1. He li

15、ves in New York. 2. I met an old friend of mine in the street this morning. 3. I help her and she helps me. 4. Mr. Wang and I often work together and help each other. 5. He said nothing to his parents.例如： speak English , but I cant. 2. Can I use your dictionary? 3. He could swim when he was seven. 4

16、. May I borrow your pen ? 5. we must finish our homework today. 6. My father is not here. He might be working in the garden. 7. You shouldnt eat between meals. It will make you fat. 8. You neednt write to him , for he will be here tomorrow.注：注：need 既可以作情態(tài)動詞也可以作實意動詞。既可以作情態(tài)動詞也可以作實意動詞。例如： 1. She is a t

17、eacher. 2. I became a teacher when I grew up. 3. Keep still while I am taking a picture of you . 4. This bar often stays open till twelve at night. 5. Silk feels soft. 6. The flowers smell very sweet. 7. I t tastes fine. 8. The idea sounds quite all right. 9. Though it is spring now, it remains cold

18、 in this city. 10. The days are getting shorter and shorter.例如： 1. He is singing. 2. He has finished his homework. 3. Do you like school life? 4. Did you study English before you came here? 5. He doesnt like plalying football. 6. They didnt come here this morning. 7. The train had left before he got

19、 to the station. 8. There will be a sports meeting next week in our school.助動詞是幫助完成時態(tài)、語態(tài)、句式的，不需要翻譯助動詞是幫助完成時態(tài)、語態(tài)、句式的，不需要翻譯例如： 1.He looks very tired. (系動詞，看起來） 2.She is looking after her son. (實意動詞，看） 3.Please turn off the lights when you leave the room. (實意動詞，關(guān)掉） 4.Her face turned red when she realiz

20、ed she made a mistake. ( 系動詞 ， 變得）主語主語是句子所要說明的人或事物,是句子的主體.可以充當主語的有: 名詞名詞,代詞代詞,數(shù)詞數(shù)詞,動詞不定式動詞不定式,動名詞和主語從句動名詞和主語從句.1.Beijing is a beautiful city.2.The first is Li Lei.3.Three of us qre going there by boat.4.We are proud of our country.5.What makes you so happy?6.Surfing is one of rhe most popular sports

21、 in the world.7.To give is better than to receive.8.What he said made me angry.9.Does your father like swimming?(名詞)(代詞)(代詞)(數(shù)詞)(動名詞)(不定式)(句子)(代詞)(名詞)謂語謂語是表達主語動作或狀態(tài)的成分是表達主語動作或狀態(tài)的成分,通常位于主語之后通常位于主語之后.行為動詞行為動詞可以直接用作謂語可以直接用作謂語;連系動詞必須和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語連系動詞必須和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語;助動詞和助動詞和情態(tài)動詞必須和其他動詞一起構(gòu)成復合謂語情態(tài)動詞必須和其他動詞一起構(gòu)成復合謂語

22、.1.Time flies!2.He has worked in this school for twenty years.3.The flowers have come out.4.The school sports meeting will be put off because of the bad weather.5.She can speak not only French but also English.6.You neednt worry about her study.7.Her mother looks young.8.its becoming a serious probl

23、em.注注: 謂語動詞一定要反映該句的謂語動詞一定要反映該句的時態(tài)時態(tài)和和語態(tài)語態(tài). 并且要和主語在人稱和數(shù)上并且要和主語在人稱和數(shù)上一致一致表語表語是用來說明主語的身份.特征或狀態(tài).它們于連系動詞之后.名詞.代詞,形容詞,副詞,數(shù)詞,分詞,動名詞,不定式,介詞短語和從名等都可作表語.1.It is a lovely house.2.Money isnt everything.3.She looked very young.4.Is the doctor in ?5.The old man is eighty-two.6.The first thing is to greet the teac

24、her.7.The door remained closed.8.Seeing is believing.9.When someone is in trouble, we should help him.10.The question is what you want to do .(名詞)(代詞)(形容詞)(副詞)(數(shù)詞)(不定式)(分詞)(動名詞)(介詞短語)(從句)賓語賓語表示動作的對象,是動作的承受者.賓語一般放在及物動詞之后.英語介詞也會跟賓語.可作賓語的有名詞,數(shù)詞,代詞,動名詞等.不定式也可作及物動詞的賓語.還有句子,也就是賓語從句.1.We all like English.2

25、.Please help me.3.How many books do you want ? I want four.4.He enjoys swimming.5.He hoped to arrive there on time.6.I dont think that he is right.7.She covered her face with her hands.8.What about going swimming?9.Mother bought me a new skirt.(名詞)(代詞)(數(shù)詞)(動名詞)(不定式)(從句)(名詞作介詞賓語)(動名詞作介詞賓語)(雙賓語)此句有兩個賓

26、語此句有兩個賓語me 和和a new skirt, me 是間接賓語是間接賓語, a new skirt是直接賓語是直接賓語.也可寫成也可寫成Mother bought a new skirt for me.像這樣像這樣的動詞有的動詞有:show pass send teach tell write take lend等等.直接賓直接賓語和間接賓語可交換位置語和間接賓語可交換位置,但要加但要加 to 或或 for.定語定語是修飾名詞或代詞的成分.形容詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,名詞,不定式動名詞,分詞,介詞短語和從句等可用作定語.1.She is a beautiful girl.2.Whose English book is it ?3.A few pictures fell off the wall .4.Our office is on the third floor.5.There are a lot of banana trees in that village.6.In the end we found a way to solve the problem.7.Can you tell