高中時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件

1、語法難點(diǎn)突破之一語法難點(diǎn)突破之一 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 語法專題突破語法專題突破. The houses were old and small People used to live in old buildings.Pollution was serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not very convenient so that few people came here.Now great changes have taken place in my hometown. The environment ha

2、s become more beautiful. The river is clearer and the sky is bluer. Many families have not only color TV sets, but also telephones, fridges, computers, and so on. Many people all have their own cars 1)The houses were old and small.2)People used to live in old buildings. 3)Now great changes have take

3、n place in my hometown. 4)people are living a happy life. 5)Many people all have their own cars. 6)we will have a better life in the future. 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)一、定義：一、定義： 在英語中，在英語中， 發(fā)生的發(fā)生的動(dòng)作要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式來表動(dòng)作要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式來表 示，這每一種不同的形式就叫做時(shí)態(tài)。示，這每一種不同的形式就叫做時(shí)態(tài)。不同時(shí)間不同時(shí)間 語態(tài)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)etc.主動(dòng)主動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí).過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)

4、過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)v. /v.s/esVed/不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞will + v/be going to+vwould + v.had + Vp.phave /has + Vp.pwill have + Vp.pam /is / are + Vingwas /were + Ving概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)( The Simple Present Tense)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。狀態(tài)。 do / doe

5、s(三單三單)every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, three times a day , etcExercise Who _(dance) best in your class?2. Students usually _(have) ten minutes rest between two classes. danceshave 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法2 2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)或表示格言或客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)或表示格言或警句。警句。 Knowledge _(begin )with pr

6、actice. She said that the sea water_ (be) salty. beginsis1 1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法 3 3）按火車、汽車、飛機(jī)等時(shí)刻表將要發(fā)生的事。按火車、汽車、飛機(jī)等時(shí)刻表將要發(fā)生的事。此時(shí)句中有時(shí)有將來的時(shí)間狀語，但不用將來時(shí)此時(shí)句中有時(shí)有將來的時(shí)間狀語，但不用將來時(shí)此時(shí)主主語是物：車，船，飛機(jī)等此時(shí)主主語是物：車，船，飛機(jī)等 The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4 4）在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將

7、時(shí).(when,before,if,as soon .(when,before,if,as soon as, unlessas, unless【主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)】 If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside.如果明天不下雨，我們將去野營。如果明天不下雨，我們將去野營。1)If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well go on a picnic.2)We _ ( begin) our class as soon as the teacher _(come) 3）We dont know if it _(rain) t

8、omorrow. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well not go for a picnic.doesnt rainwill begincomeswill rain rains概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 2. 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)(The Simple Past Tense)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作或存在的狀態(tài)作或存在的狀態(tài)V+edyesterday, just now, last , in 1945, at that time; once; a few days ago; when, etcExerci

9、se 1.I _(find) my ruler in my desk .found2.We and _(see) lots of birds _(fly) over the trees.3. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.(2015全國全國II卷改錯(cuò)卷改錯(cuò))flyingsawfive minutes agolooked uptold 一般過去時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)一般過去時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):1、當(dāng)沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)、當(dāng)沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語時(shí),描述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生描述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作過的動(dòng)作I always got up

10、too late , washed my face , had a quick breakfast and hurried to school .2、since從句中常用一般過去時(shí)從句中常用一般過去時(shí)You havent changed much since we last _(meet) .met3. 一般將來時(shí)1 .1 .一般將來時(shí)表示計(jì)劃、打算、企圖做某事或來注一般將來時(shí)表示計(jì)劃、打算、企圖做某事或來注定要發(fā)生的事情。定要發(fā)生的事情。2 .2 .表示將來時(shí)的四種形式表示將來時(shí)的四種形式will /shall +will /shall +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形be going to do be

11、going to do be about to do(be about to do(正要干什么正要干什么) )be to dobe to do3.常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ：tomorrow, in three days，this, next, soon, etc. 4 4be about to do be about to do 表示表示“正要干什么正要干什么”， 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用不與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。常與常與when when 連用，連用，when when 此時(shí)意思：此時(shí)意思： 就在這時(shí)，是并列連就在這時(shí)，是并列連詞詞 構(gòu)成句型：構(gòu)

12、成句型： be about to do be about to do whenwhen. . I I was about to was about to leave leave when when it rained. it rained. Exercise will be1)The radio says that it _ (be) sunny tomorrow.2)It is reported that a space station _ (built) on the moon in years to come.(2015安微卷改編安微卷改編)will be built 考點(diǎn)一：一般將來時(shí)

13、總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的主句中： We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.（主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)。） 考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.4. 過去將來時(shí)態(tài)過去將來時(shí)態(tài)用法：表示從過去某時(shí)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；用于賓語從句中，當(dāng)主句中是過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的一般將來時(shí)就變成過去將來時(shí)。He said that he w

14、ould wait for us at the station.他說他要在車站等我們。 1)At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he _(become) the first black president of America. 2) he promised that he _(join) us, but he hasnt turned up at the party.5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)( The Present Continuous Tense )概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正

15、在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 1）“What are they doing?” “They _ ready for the sports meeting.” (get)2）Hurry up, kids! The school bus _(wait) for us.(2013四川高考)are gettingis waiting概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 6. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)(The Past Continuous Tense)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段段正在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。was/were+doing at

16、this time yesterday, from seven to nine last night, at that moment, etc When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句I was reading a book when Jim called.c. While 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句The UFO took off while the man was taking photos.1)She _(phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.2) The telephone _(ring), but by the

17、 time I got indoors, It stopped.3) He_(look) out of the window when the match_ (begin).was phoningwas ringingwas lookingbeganA.概念概念： 構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(The Present Perfect Tense)發(fā)生在過去且對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響發(fā)生在過去且對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響 的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響.have /has +done常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ： already, just, before, yet, never

18、, ever, lately(最近）; recently（最近）, up to now（直到現(xiàn)在）; so far（到目前為止）, these days, in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; etc.1. Can you go to the movies with me tonight?Sorry, I cant. I_ my homework yet.2.- I _how to make dumplings before. I can teach you how to make them.have

19、learnedhavent finishedB. 1.表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能在將來還要延續(xù)。在將來還要延續(xù)。2. 主語主語+has/have +done+for/since I have taught English for 21 years. since 1992 since I graduated from the university. He has been away from his home for 40 years.3. 動(dòng)詞必須動(dòng)詞必須為可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞為可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞leave=be away from begin=

20、be on arrive=be inborrow=keep buy=have 譯下列句子：譯下列句子：、這本書他買了一年了、這本書他買了一年了 4、 這本書他借了三天了。這本書他借了三天了。 5、我們離開廣州六年了。、我們離開廣州六年了。He has bought this book for a year .He has had this book for a year .He has borrowed the book for three days .He has kept the book for 3 days .We Guangzhou for 6 years . We Guangzho

21、u for 6 years .短暫性動(dòng)詞不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語短暫性動(dòng)詞不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用連用, 必須轉(zhuǎn)變成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞必須轉(zhuǎn)變成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞C. 1. Has /have +been to(曾經(jīng)到過某地曾經(jīng)到過某地，人已回，人已回來來)I have been to Hangzhou many times.2. Has/have+ gone to(去了某地去了某地，人在路上或在目，人在路上或在目的地）的地） Where is Mr.Green?He has gone to London. D：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most inte

22、resting ) +名詞 that” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例：Its the first time that I have been here.This is my first time that I had visited China.(改錯(cuò)） .概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語常用時(shí)間狀語 ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 8.8.過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí): (The Past PerfectTense): (The Past PerfectTense)主語主語+ had doneby the end of last year, by, before +過去的時(shí)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)間點(diǎn), by the time等引導(dǎo)的

23、狀語叢句中，表等引導(dǎo)的狀語叢句中，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前。示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前。表示在過去某一時(shí)刻前已完成的表示在過去某一時(shí)刻前已完成的動(dòng)作。也稱動(dòng)作。也稱“過去的過去過去的過去”過去完成時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)過去完成時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):用于用于賓詞從句賓詞從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞中，當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)時(shí)是一般過去時(shí)時(shí),一定要注意賓語從句一定要注意賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化。中的時(shí)態(tài)變化。He said that he _the film many times.had seen 考點(diǎn)二：用于hardly/scarcely.when(剛一.就.); no sooner .than(一.就.) 句型中

24、，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。eg:(1)I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me. (2)I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow. (3)No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主謂倒裝）9. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)S+has/have been doing We have been learning English for an hour.General exercises1.I

25、(have) this book for 2 weeks.have hadare planted2.Every year, many trees (plant) along the river. 3.Keep quiet, please! They (have) a lesson.are having4.-Hi,Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the party. -Oh, I (get) ready for the exam.was getting5.Tom (go) to bed early， but his brother doesnt.6. Listen! Ji

26、ms radio (make) a loudnoise. Would you please tell him to turn it down? goesis making5.-Where is Liu Mei? - She_(go) home.4.- Where is your father?- He _ (watch) TV in the room.7.He asked what they_(do) at eight last night.were doing8.I know that he _(join) the army in1985.joined6.We dont know if it

27、 _(rain) tomorrow. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well not go for a picnic.is watchingwill rainrainshas gone9 .Hes not hungry. He_ just_ (have) lunch.11.-_the Blacks _(visit) the Great Wall before? -Yes , they_. -When _they _(visit) it? -Only a month ago.10. Im sure he _(work) it out in one hour.has will workHave had visited havedid visit WritingWrite an article about your hometown,tell us the past, the present and the future題目：The Changes in My Hometown 過去：生活貧困，房屋破舊，污染嚴(yán)重，垃圾遍地，交通不便，游客很少。