高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法狀語(yǔ)從句 歸納總結(jié)

1、狀語(yǔ)從句一 分類： 種類連接詞注意區(qū)別：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly/until/till/by the time/as soon as/hardlywhen/no soonerthan/the moment/the minute/immediately有一些表示時(shí)間的名詞短語(yǔ)也可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：the minute, the moment, every time, the first time例：The moment 

2、he reached the country, he started his search. 他一到達(dá)這個(gè)國(guó)家，就開始他的探尋工作。有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞也可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：directly例：Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet. 校長(zhǎng)一進(jìn)來， 大家就安靜下來as和when、while：as, when 引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when 引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從

3、句，不可用as 或 while。從句表示"隨時(shí)間推移"連詞能用as，不用when 或while。till/until和nottill/until：until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)where/whereverwhere，表示某一個(gè)；wherever，表示任何一個(gè)。原因狀語(yǔ)Because/as/since/now that/forbecause和since、for、as、now that：because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或 since。由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，

4、且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。now that都表示“既然”now that一定要是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的，since可以是現(xiàn)在，也可以是過去和現(xiàn)在。條件狀語(yǔ)if/unless/once/in case/as long as/on condition that多用一般時(shí)態(tài)，如果表示一般將來的情況，就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如果表示過去將來的情況，就用一般過去時(shí)。目的狀語(yǔ)(so) that,/in order that/for fear that/in case/lestso that和in order that后常接may, should, cou

5、ld, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)sothat, suchthat其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。 so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。比較狀語(yǔ)Than/not so/asas/the morethe moreYour watch is not the same as his.(the same as結(jié)構(gòu))方式狀語(yǔ)as if, as though, as, (just)as-so，as if 和as though引導(dǎo)的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。讓步狀語(yǔ)Thou

6、gh/although/even if/even though/ as/, no matter what/who/which/how/when，whatever/whoever/whichever/however/whenever ，whether-or-（不管-都）as在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中常用倒裝形式；although和though用正常語(yǔ)序，可和yet連用，但不可和but連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句： when (當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候) while (在期間) as (當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候, 一邊一邊)before (在之前) since (自從以來) till/until (直到) hardlywhen (剛就)as soon

7、 as (一就) after (在之后) nottill/until（直到才） no soonerthan(剛就)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句： where (在那里) wherever(無論哪里)原因狀語(yǔ)從句： because (因?yàn)? since (因?yàn)?，既? as (由于) for (為了) now that（既然） 目的狀語(yǔ)從句： （so）that=in order that（以便） so as（not）to （ 以便不） in case（以免） lest（以免）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句： so+adj./adv.+that（如此以致） so that（結(jié)果）such+n.+that（如果以致） that（所以

8、，因此）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句： though/although不可同but連用。though/although （雖然） however （可是） even though/if（即使） no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever（不論什么/哪一個(gè)/哪里/誰(shuí)/何時(shí)）比較狀語(yǔ)從句： as （正如） asas（和一樣） not as/so as （不如） than（比更）the+比較級(jí)+the+比較級(jí) （越越）條件狀語(yǔ)從句： if（假設(shè)） unless（如果不） so long as（只要

9、） on condition that （如果）方式狀語(yǔ)從句： as（像那樣地） just as（正像） as if（好像） as though（好像）二 各種狀語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化方法：狀語(yǔ)從句由when/while/as/once/whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be，常省略從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)be.由if/unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句由though/although/even though/even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句由wherever引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句1 以after和before引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)若與主句主語(yǔ)

10、一致時(shí)，從句等于after/before+doing sth.作狀語(yǔ)。例：After she sang，she left the rich man's house = After singing，she left the rich man's house2 以as soon as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)若與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句等于on+doing sth.,作狀語(yǔ)，此 時(shí)的動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village= Mary began

11、 to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village3 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，有時(shí)可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式作狀語(yǔ)。例：She stopped when she saw her husband = She stopped to see her husband If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside = To understand the farmers，you must go to the countrysid

12、e4 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句和目的狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)化為不定式作狀語(yǔ)；若兩者主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，則應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)化為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。例：He was so tired that he couldn't go any further= He was too tired to go any further I came here so that I could ask some questions= I came here(in order) to ask some questions5 以when，while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和以if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)若與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句等于

13、when/while/if +doing sth.作狀語(yǔ)，表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在該狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過程之中。例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken= When turning on the radio，he found it brokenWhile she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car= While walking along the street，she was hit by a car6 原因狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可簡(jiǎn)化為分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。例：Since l d

14、idn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English注意：形容詞短語(yǔ)也可作表示原因的狀語(yǔ)，來代替原因狀語(yǔ)從句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般應(yīng)加逗號(hào)。例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-

15、house7 在時(shí)間、原因、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中，若從句和主句主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，可簡(jiǎn)化為分詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。有時(shí)也可簡(jiǎn)化為“with/without名詞或代詞十分詞(短語(yǔ))”形式作狀語(yǔ)。例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited= The film start appearing，the children got exited If all the work is done, you can have a rest= With all the work done，you can have a rest Nothing can live

16、 if there is no air= Nothing can live without air8 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可簡(jiǎn)化為分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)；不一致時(shí)，常簡(jiǎn)化為with或in spite of介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。例：Although he faced his death，he didn't say anything before the enemy = Facing the death，he didn't say anything before the enemy. Although there was danger，he rushed out to carry

17、 the boy to safety = In spite of danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety 三表示"一就"的結(jié)構(gòu)hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan和as soon as都可以表示"一就"的意思， 例：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got

18、home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.四As引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝：1形容詞+as+主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞：例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 盡管他已經(jīng)很累了，他還是主動(dòng)提出幫助我。2過去分詞+as+主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞：例：Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.