解析幾何中的英文單詞和短語

1、.解析幾何中的英文單詞和短語解析幾何Analytic Geometry 第一章 矢量與坐標(biāo)Chapter 1 Vectors and Coordinates標(biāo)量scalar矢量vector坐標(biāo)coordinate空間space系統(tǒng)system代數(shù)algebra量quantity計(jì)算calculation力學(xué)mechanics物理學(xué)physics解solution概念concept長(zhǎng)度length面積area體積volume唯一displacement大小magnitude方向direction線段line segment又向線段line segment始點(diǎn)initial point終點(diǎn)term

2、inal point模module等于equal to 零zero平行四邊形parallelogram鄰邊adjacent side折線broken line法則rule共線collinear共面coplanar加法運(yùn)算additive operation三角形triangle對(duì)角線diagonal平移translation交換律law of commutation結(jié)合律law of association分配率law of distribution乘法multiplication分解decomposition系數(shù)coefficient基底base等式equality三棱形triangular

3、 prism六面體hexahedron平分線bisector連線connecting line線性相關(guān)linear dependence線性無關(guān)linear independence線性組合linear combination標(biāo)架frame直角right angle仿射affine左旋/手標(biāo)架left-handed frame右旋/手標(biāo)架right-handed frame空間矢量space vector笛卡爾坐標(biāo)系cartesian coordinate system第一象限first quadrant分母denominator分子molecular仿射坐標(biāo)系affine coordinat

4、e system坐標(biāo)平面coordinate plane坐標(biāo)軸coordinate axis定點(diǎn)vertex重心barycenter中點(diǎn)median point中線median line射影projection射影矢量projective vector射線ray垂直perpendicularity夾角included angle余弦cosine方向余弦direction cosine正弦sine反交換anti-commutative反矢量inverse vector垂足pedal兩倍two-fold混合積mixed product數(shù)性積/內(nèi)積inner product絕對(duì)值absolute v

5、alue單位矢量unit vector零矢量zero vector平方square平方和sum of squares高h(yuǎn)eight高線altitude距離distance分量component左手系left-handed system右手系right-handed system棱/邊edge正數(shù)positive number復(fù)數(shù)complex number符號(hào)symbol初等幾何elementary geometry四面體tetrahedron矢量積cross product三重向量基triple vector product實(shí)數(shù)域real number field克拉默法則Cramer ru

6、le拉格朗日恒等式Lagrange identity第二章 軌跡與方程Chapter 2 Loci and Equations軌跡locus方程equation平面plane實(shí)數(shù)real number對(duì)應(yīng)correspondence曲線curve曲面surface直線straight line充要條件（當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)）if and only if圖/圖標(biāo)graph圓circle半徑radius公式formula原點(diǎn)origin圓心center of circle反比proportion by inversion參數(shù)parameter區(qū)間interval對(duì)稱的symmetric定點(diǎn)fixed poin

7、t準(zhǔn)方程quasi-equation一次方程linear equation法矢量normal vector重合coincidence交角intersection angle交點(diǎn)intersection point坐標(biāo)系coordinate system軸axis有向角directed angle旋輪線/擺線cycloid拱形arch尖點(diǎn)cusp切線tangent line切點(diǎn)/觸點(diǎn)tangent point漸進(jìn)切線asymptotic tangent漸伸線/切展線involvent星形線asteroid初等函數(shù)elementary function橢圓ellipse斜率slope等價(jià)equiv

8、alence拋物線parabola心形線cardioid拋物柱面parabolic cylinder虛曲面imaginary surface二次方程quadratic equation一元二次方程quadratic equation with one variable配方complete square球/球面sphere圓柱面cylinder橢圓柱面elliptic cylinder雙曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder母線generators / generatrix準(zhǔn)線directrix質(zhì)點(diǎn)particle角速度angular velocity維維安尼曲線viviani curve

9、螺旋線spiral螺旋面spiral surface射影柱面projective cylinder右手坐標(biāo)系right-handed coordinate system圓錐cone圓錐面cone surface因式/因子factor因式分解factoring聯(lián)立方程simultaneous equations第三章 平面與空間直線Chapter 3 Planes and Straight Lines in Space方位azimuth截距式intercept form常數(shù)constant垂線vertical line徑矢radius of vector異號(hào)opposite sign對(duì)邊oppo

10、site side方向矢量direction vector離差dispersion相交intersection不等式inequality二面角interfacial angle相關(guān)correlate標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程standard equation方向數(shù)direction number射影平面projective plane公垂線common perpendicular直線束pencil of lines平面束plane pencil / pencil of planes平行平面束pencil of parallel planes平行平面parallel planes平行切線parallel tang

11、ents平行移動(dòng)parallel translation第四章 柱面、錐面、旋轉(zhuǎn)曲面與二次曲面Chapter 4 Cylinders,Cone Surfaces,Rotation Surfaces and Quadratic Surfaces二次曲面quadratic surface旋轉(zhuǎn)曲面rotation surface齊次方程homogeneous equation直線族family of straight lines二次錐面quadratic cone虛錐面imaginary cone實(shí)軸real axis虛軸imaginary axis環(huán)面torus橢球面ellipsoid旋轉(zhuǎn)橢球面e

12、llipsoid of revolution旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面paraboloid of revolution單葉univalent旋轉(zhuǎn)軸rotation axis定直線fixed line主平面principal plane主軸principal axis對(duì)稱平面symmetry plane長(zhǎng)半軸semi-major axis短半軸semi-minor axis虛半軸imaginary semi-axis長(zhǎng)方體cuboid長(zhǎng)軸major axis短軸minor axis端口/線/面section主截線/面principal section分割/切斷segmentation截割cutting曲面圖形s

13、urface chart雙曲面hyperboloid單葉雙曲面hyperboloid of one sheet雙曲線hyperbola單葉旋轉(zhuǎn)雙曲面hyperboloid of one sheet of revolution雙葉雙曲面hyperboloid of two sheets旋轉(zhuǎn)雙葉雙曲面hyperboloid of two sheets of revolution雙曲拋物面hyperbolic paraboloid馬鞍曲面anticlastic surface無心二次曲面quadratic surface without center中心center對(duì)稱中心symmetric cen

14、ter對(duì)稱軸symmetric axis焦點(diǎn)focus矩形rectangle弧arc直紋曲面ruled surface第五章 二次曲線的一般理論Chapter 5 General Theory of Quadratic Curves二次曲線quadratic curve虛數(shù)imaginary number虛元素imaginary element虛點(diǎn)imaginary point共軛虛點(diǎn)conjugate imaginary points共軛虛數(shù)conjugate imaginary number虛矢量imaginary line虛系數(shù)imaginary coefficient偏導(dǎo)數(shù)partia

15、l derivative復(fù)點(diǎn)complex point復(fù)矢量complex vector對(duì)角元素diagonal element行列式determinant行row列column弦chord橢圓型elliptic type拋物型parbolic type雙曲型hyperbolic type漸進(jìn)方向asymptotic direction虛方向imaginary dirction中心直線central line中心二次曲線quadratic curve with center無心二次曲線quadratic curve without center中心曲線central curve無心曲線nonc

16、entral curve正常點(diǎn)proper point切線方程tangential equation恒等式identity奇異點(diǎn)/奇點(diǎn)singular point中心軌跡midpoint chords主方向principal direction主直徑principal diameter共軛方向conjugate direction共軛直徑conjugate diameter共軛弦conjugate chord特征方程characteristic equation特征根characteristic value坐標(biāo)變換transformation of coordinates判別式discriminant旋轉(zhuǎn)軸rotation axis虛圓imaginary ellipse二次項(xiàng)quadratic element旋轉(zhuǎn)角angle of rotation可逆變換inverse transformation余切cotangent成比例proportional增廣矩陣augmented matrix共軛虛直線conjugate imaginary line不變量invariant多項(xiàng)式polynomial三角函數(shù)trigonometric function柯西-施瓦茨不等式Cauchy-Schwarz inequa