03急救護(hù)理學(xué)B卷

1、03急救護(hù)理學(xué)B卷FinalExaminationOf«EmergencyNursing»Grade2003NursingdepartmentNanchangUniversityMedicalCollege(B)南昌大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院護(hù)理學(xué)系2003級急救護(hù)理學(xué)試卷(B卷)PartI:TermDefinition(5pointseach,15pointstotally)1.CentralVenousPressure(CVP2.hyperthermiccrisis3.painPartH:TrueorFalse(2pointseach,10pointstotally)1.Placesu

2、pinepositionwithlegliftedby30forashockpatient.()2.Usually,thedifferencebetweentheskintemperatureandthecoretemperatureislessthan2C.()3.Thewaytotreatthepneumothorax(氣胸)istoinsertthelarge-diameterneedleforremovingtheairatthemidclavicular(鎖骨中)linethesecondintercostale.()4.Toomuchexertional(運動性)activityi

3、nthehotweatheristhekeytoheatcramps.()5.PatientwithCOpoisoningshouldnotremovefrompoorlyventilatedarea.()PartHI:SingleChoice(2pointseach,20pointstotally)1.Whichsignreflexesthebloodperfusionofcentralnervoussystem?()A.peripheralcirculationB.pulseC.consciousnessD.urinaryvolume2.Ingeneralhospitalwhichperc

4、entageofICUbedsthattakesthewholehospitalbedsisbetter?()A.0.51%3.Whichrulemustbemasterwhenusingvasodilator(管擴張藥)totheshockpatients.()A.takebloodpressureB.measureurineoutputvolumeB.12%C.23%D.35%C.controltransfusionD.supplyenoughbloodvolume4.Whenacraniocerebraltraumapatientcometothehospitalweshouldfirs

5、tobserve()A.vitalsignsB.consciousnessC.motionD.thedifferencebetweentheskintemperatureandcoretemperature5.Whichhypotensor(降壓劑)isbestforhypertensiveemergenciespatients()A.glonoine(硝酸甘油)B.captopril(卡托普利)C.sodiumnitroprusside(硝普鈉)6.Whichisnotcommoncauseofcoma?()A.meningitis(腦膜炎)B.cerebrovasculardiseaseC

6、.traumaD.acuteinfectiondiseaseD.reserpine(利血平)7.Whichoneiswrongforelectricinjuryinfollowinganswer?()A.shutoffthecurrentB.checkthepatientsairwayoncethevictimcanbesafelytouched.C.cannotapplyice,butter,ointments,medications,fluffycottondressings,oradhesivebandagestoaburn.D.getwithin20feetofsomeonewhois

7、beingelectrocutedbyhigh-voltageelectricalcurrentuntilthepoweristurnedoff.8.Lilysuddenlyfallintotheriver.Atthattime,asanobserver,dowhichfirst.()A.makeherfaceandnoseoutofwaterB.airwayC.artificialbreathingD.chestcompression9.Whatisessentialforendotrachealintubationexcept.()A.thelaryngoscope(喉鏡)B.simple

8、ventilatorC.thedefibrillatorD.endotrachealtube(氣管導(dǎo)管)10.WhichTraumaScores(TS)isbestforsalvage.()A.13B.413C.1416D.1620PartIV:BriefAnswers(10pointseach,40pointstotally)1.Whatarethekeypointsforobservingashockpatient?(10points)2.Whatarethefirstaidcarepointsforahyperthermiccrisispatient?(10points)3.Howtoi

9、nduceemesis?(10points)4.Whatarethemanifestationsforcardiacarrest?(10points)(PleaseanswerinEnglish,oryouwilllosethehalfscore請用英文回答，否則扣一半分)PartV:Discussion(15points)1.WhatarethebasicfunctionsofICU?(8points)2.WhatarethemainmonitoringcontentsinICU?(7points)STANDARDANSWER準(zhǔn)答案)PartI:TermDefinition(5pointse

10、ach,15pointstotally)1.CentralVenousPressure(CVP:即中心靜脈壓，是胸腔內(nèi)上、下腔靜脈的壓力2.hyperthermiccrisis:高熱同時伴有抽搐、昏迷、休克、出血等。3.pain:1979年國際疼痛研究會(IASP)對疼痛的定義是：疼痛是一種令人不快的感覺和情緒上的感受，伴隨著現(xiàn)有的或潛在的組織損傷.PartH:TrueorFalse(2pointseach,10pointstotally)1.True2.True3.True4.False5.FalsePartHI:SingleChoice(2pointseach,20pointstotall

11、y)1.C2.B3.D4.B5.C6.C7.D8.A9.C10.BPartIV:BriefAnswers(10pointseach,40pointstotally)1.(1)意識表情(2)末梢循環(huán)(3)頸靜脈和周圍靜脈(4)體溫(5)脈搏(6)呼吸(7)瞳孔(8)血壓與脈壓差(9)尿量(10)并發(fā)癥2.1)嚴(yán)密觀察病情;2)一般處理;3)降溫：迅速而有效地將體溫降至38.5C左右是治療高熱危象的關(guān)鍵；4)病因治療；5)基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理和對癥護(hù)理。3.1)病人神志清且能合作2)飲溫水300一500ml或藥物如吐根糖漿3)用手指或壓舌板刺激咽后壁或舌根4)反復(fù)進(jìn)行，直至胃內(nèi)容物完全嘔出4.臨床表現(xiàn)：意識喪

12、失；脈搏捫不到；呼吸斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，后停止；心音消失；瞳孔散大；面色蒼白兼青紫。Patientisunresponsive;Thefemoralpulsesarenotpalpable;Respiratorymotionofthechestwallcannotbedetected.;Noaudibleheartsoundcanbediscerned;dPatienthasablue,pale,ordeathlikeappearance;Dilatedpupilsandnoresponsetolight.PartV:CaseAnalysis(15points)1.ICU的基本功能是心肺復(fù)蘇能力；呼吸道管理及氧療能力；持續(xù)性生命體征監(jiān)測和有創(chuàng)血流動力學(xué)監(jiān)測能力；緊急作心臟臨時性起搏能力；對各種檢驗結(jié)果做出快速反應(yīng)的能力；對各個臟器功能較長時間的支持能力；進(jìn)行全腸道外靜脈營養(yǎng)支持的能力；熟練掌握各種監(jiān)測技術(shù)以及操