鍋爐與鍋爐房課程設(shè)

1、鍋爐及鍋爐房設(shè)備課程設(shè)計任務(wù)書目錄鍋爐及鍋爐房設(shè)備課程設(shè)計任務(wù)書1一、設(shè)計題目2二、原始資料2三、鍋爐燃料與燃燒計算21.1鍋爐規(guī)范21.2燃料特性31.3鍋爐各受熱面的過量空氣系數(shù)和漏風(fēng)系數(shù)31.4 理論空氣量、煙氣理論容積計算41.5各受熱面煙道中煙氣特性計算41.6 焓溫表41.7 鍋爐熱平衡及燃料消耗量計算61.8 爐膛結(jié)構(gòu)特性計算71.9 爐膛熱力計算13四、設(shè)計感受15一、設(shè)計題目SHL10-1.25/350-W(或)鍋爐熱力計算二、原始資料1. 鍋爐蒸發(fā)量 D1=10t/h2. 給水溫度 tgs=1053. 鍋爐排污率bw=5%4. 過熱蒸汽溫度 t1=3505. 過熱蒸汽壓力

2、P1=1.25MPa6. 周圍環(huán)境溫度 tlk=307. 燃料特性 燃料名稱：京西安家灘類無煙煤煤的成分(%)Mar=8.00Aar=33.12Car=54.70Har=0.78Oar=2.23Nar=0.28Sar=0.89煤的干燥無灰基揮發(fā)分(%)Vdaf=6.18煤的低位發(fā)熱量 Qar,net=18187KJ/Kg三、鍋爐燃料與燃燒計算1.1鍋爐規(guī)范鍋爐蒸發(fā)量 D 10×103 kg/h過熱蒸汽壓力 P1 1.25 MPa過熱蒸汽溫度 t1 350 給水溫度 tgs 105 鍋爐排污率 bw 5%周圍環(huán)境溫度 tlk 30 1.2燃料特性燃料名稱：京西安家灘類無煙煤煤的成分(%

3、)Mar=8.00Aar=33.12Car=54.70Har=0.78Oar=2.23Nar=0.28Sar=0.89煤的干燥無灰基揮發(fā)分(%)Vdaf=6.18煤的低位發(fā)熱量 Qar,net=18187KJ/Kg1.3鍋爐各受熱面的過量空氣系數(shù)和漏風(fēng)系數(shù)序號鍋爐受熱面入口處過量空氣系數(shù)漏風(fēng)系數(shù)出口處過量空氣系數(shù)1爐膛1.400.101.502防渣管1.5001.503蒸汽過熱器1.500.051.554鍋爐管束1.550.101.655省煤器1.650.101.756空氣預(yù)熱器1.750.101.851.4 理論空氣量、煙氣理論容積計算序號名稱符號單位計算公式結(jié)果1理論空氣量V0m³

4、;（標(biāo)）/kg0.0889(Car+0.375Sar)+0.265Har 0.0333Oar=0.0889×(54.7+0.375×0.89)+0.265×0.78-0.0333×0.595.0252RO2容積V RO2m³（標(biāo)）/kg0.01866（Car+0.375Sar）=0.01866×（54.70.375×0.89）1.0273N2理論容積V0 N2m³（標(biāo)）/kg0.79V0+0.008Nar=0.79×5.025+0.008×0.283.9724H2O理論容積V0H2Om³

5、;（標(biāo)）/kg0.111Har+0.0124Mar+0.0161V0=0.111×0.78+0.0124×8.00+0.0161×5.0250.2671.5各受熱面煙道中煙氣特性計算序號名稱符號單位計算公式爐膛與防渣管蒸汽過熱器鍋爐管束省煤器空氣預(yù)熱器1平均過量空氣系數(shù)pj(+)/21.501.5251.601.701.802實際水蒸氣容積VH2Om³（標(biāo)）/kgV0H2O+0.0161(-1)Vok0.3070.3090.3160.3240.3323實際煙氣量Vym³（標(biāo)）/kgV RO2+ V0 N2+ VH2O+(-1)Vo7.8197.

6、9648.3308.8419.3514RO2容積份額r RO2VRO2/Vy 0.13130.12920.12330.11620.10985H2O容積份額r H2OVH2O/Vy0.03930.03890.03790.03660.03556三原子氣體rqr RO2+ r H2O0.17060.16810.16120.15280.14531.6 焓溫表()V RO2=1.027V0 N2=3.972V0H2O=0.267()co2V RO2()co2()N2V0 N2()N2()h2oV0H2O()h2o1234567100170174.59130516.3615140.317200357366

7、.6392601032.7230481.168300559574.0933921557.024463123.621400772792.8445272093.244626167.1425009941020.8386642637.408795212.26560012251258.0758043193.488969258.72370014621501.4749483765.4561149306.78380017051751.03510944345.3681334356.17890019522004.70412424933.2241526407.442100022042263.50813925529.

8、0241723460.041110024582524.36615446132.7681925513.975120027172790.35916976740.4842132569.244130029773057.37918537360.1162344625.848140032393326.45320097979.7482559683.253150035033597.58121668603.3522779741.993160037693870.76323259234.93002801.534170040364144.97224849866.4483229862.143180043054421.23

9、5264410501.973458923.286190045744697.498280411137.493690985.23200048444974.788296511776.9839261048.242()I0y kJ/kgV0=5.025Iy= I0y+(-1)Vok (kJ/kg)3+5+7()kV0()k=1.5=1.55=1.65=1.75=1.85189101112131415100731.267132663.31062.9171096.0821162.4121228.7421295.0722001480.5272661336.652148.8522215.6852349.3524

10、83.0152616.683002254.7384032025.0753267.2763368.5293571.0373773.5443976.0524003053.235422723.554415.0054551.1834823.5385095.8935368.2485003870.5116843437.15589.0615760.9166104.6266448.3366792.0466004710.2868304170.756795.6617004.1997421.2747838.3498255.4247005573.7139784914.458030.9388276.6618768.10

11、69259.5519750.9968006452.58111295673.2259289.1949572.85510140.1810707.511274.829007345.3712826442.0510566.410888.511532.712176.9112821.1110008252.57314377220.92511863.0412224.0812946.1713668.2714390.3611009171.10915958014.87513178.5513579.2914380.7815182.2715983.75120010100.0917538808.82514504.51494

12、4.9415825.8216706.7117587.59130011043.3419149617.8515852.2716333.1617294.9518256.7319218.52140011989.45207610431.917205.41772718770.1919813.3820856.57150012942.93223911250.9818568.4119130.9620256.0621381.1622506.25160013907.2240312075.0819944.7320548.492175622963.524171.01170014873.56256712899.18213

13、23.1521968.1123258.0324547.9425837.86180015846.49273113723.2822708.1323394.2924766.6226138.9527511.27190016820.22289914567.4824103.9524832.3326289.0727745.8229202.57200017800.01306615406.6525503.3426273.6727814.332935530895.661.7 鍋爐熱平衡及燃料消耗量計算序號名稱符號單位計算公式或來源數(shù)值1燃料低位發(fā)熱量Qar,netkJ/kg給定181872冷空氣溫度tlk給定30

14、3理論冷空氣焓I0lkkJ/kg5.025*132.4*0.31994排煙溫度py假定1805排煙熱焓IpykJ/kg據(jù)py和=1.8523546固體不完全燃燒熱損失q4%選取147氣體不完全燃燒熱損失q3%選取18排煙熱損失q2%(3218.52-1.85*273.79)*(100-15)/254309.399散熱損失q5%選取1.7010灰渣漏煤與總灰量之比l取用0.8011灰渣熱焓()hhkJ/kgt=600 查表B856012灰渣物理熱損失q6%(0.8*560*33.12)/181870.8213鍋爐總熱損失q%9.39+1+14+1.70+0.8226.9114鍋爐熱效率%100-

15、26.9173.0915過熱蒸汽焓igzkJ/kg查表B153150.6516飽和水溫度tsw查表B13196.6617飽和水焓tbwkJ/kg查表B1384518給水焓tgskJ/kg查表B1444119鍋爐排污率Ppw%520鍋爐有效利用熱QkJ/h10000*(3150.65-441)+0.05*10000* (845-441)2729850021燃料消耗量BkJ/h27298500*100/(18187*73.09)2053.6222計算燃料消耗量BjkJ/h2053.62*(1-0.14)1766.1123保熱系數(shù)1-1.70/(73.09+1.70)0.981.8 爐膛結(jié)構(gòu)特性計算

16、圖1 爐膛結(jié)構(gòu)特性圖4 前墻輻射受熱面圖3 后墻輻射受熱面圖2 爐膛包覆面積1.9 爐膛熱力計算序號名稱符號單位計算公式或來源數(shù)值1燃料低位發(fā)熱量Qar,netkJ/kg給定181872燃料消耗量BkJ/h27298500*100/(18187*73.09)2053.623計算燃料消耗量BjkJ/h2053.62*(1-0.14)1766.114保熱系數(shù)1-1.70/(73.09+1.70)0.985爐膛出口過量系數(shù)給定1.506爐膛漏風(fēng)系數(shù)給定0.107冷空氣焓I0lkkJ/kgt=301998熱空氣溫度thw先假定，再校核1509熱空氣焓I0hkkJ/kg查焓溫表100110空氣帶入爐膛熱

17、量QrkJ/kg(1.5-0.1)*1001+0.1*199142111爐膛入爐熱量QturkJ/kg18187*（100-1-14-0.82）/(100-14)熱燃燒溫度=1.5，查焓溫表154913絕熱燃燒絕對溫度TchK+273182214爐膛出口溫度fur先假定，再校核96015爐膛出口煙焓IfurkJ/kg=1.5，查焓溫表1134816爐膛出口絕對溫度TtucKfur+273123317煙氣平均熱容量VcarkJ/(kg)(19223-11348)/( 1822-1233)13.3718煙氣中水蒸氣容積份額r H2O查煙氣特性表0.039319三原子氣體容

18、積份額rr RO2+ r H2O0.170620三原子氣體分壓力psMPa0.1706*0.10.0170621三原子氣體輻射力PsSMPa0.01706*1.570.026822三原子氣體輻射減弱系數(shù)kn1/MPa·m(1-0.37*1233/1000)*(2.49+5.11*0.0393)/0.1633-1.02* 0.17061.4223每kg燃料煙氣量Gkkg/kg1-0.3312+1.306*1.5*5.02510.5124煙氣中飛灰濃度fkg/kg0.3312*0.2/10.510.006325固體顆粒輻射減弱系數(shù)kp1/MPa·m7752*0.0063/53.

19、946+0.3061.21126介質(zhì)輻射減弱系數(shù)k1/MPa·mkn+ kp=0.0063+1.211.216327火焰黑度ay1-e-kpq=1-e-0.3350.28528水冷壁灰壁面黑度awal取定0.829爐膛水冷度H/(Ftue-R)=37.15/80.950.45930火床與爐墻的面積比R/(Ftue-R)=11.78/80.950.14631爐膛系統(tǒng)黑度alu1/0.8+0.459*(1-0.285)(1-0.146)/1-(1-0.285)(1-0.146)-10.5036632波爾茲曼準(zhǔn)則Bn（0.977*1766.11*17.36）/（3.6*5.7*10-8*37.5*18223）0.643533管外層污層熱阻·/W取定2.58×10-334爐膛輻射受熱面吸熱量Qrkj/kg0.977*(19223-11348)7