susanpinker2017長(zhǎng)壽的可能是你社交生活

1、TED 者：Susan Pinker | 蘇珊平克標(biāo)題：The secret to living longer may be your social life | 長(zhǎng)壽的 可能是你的社交生活內(nèi)容概要：The Italian island of Sardinia has more than six times as many centenarians as the mainland and ten times as many as North America. Why? According to psychologist SusanPinker, its not a sunny disposit

2、ion or a low-fat, gluten-free diet that keeps the islanders healthy- its their emphasis on close al relationships and face-to-face interactions. Learn more about super longevity as Pinker explains what it takes to live to 100 and beyond.義大利島嶼薩丁尼亞的人瑞數(shù)是義大利本土的六倍， 的十倍。為什么？根據(jù)心理學(xué)家蘇珊平克所言，島民能健康，并非因?yàn)殚_朗性情或低脂無(wú)

3、麩質(zhì)飲食而是因?yàn)樗麄冎匾曈H密個(gè)人關(guān)系以及面對(duì)面互動(dòng)。聽聽平克解釋如何才能活過百歲，來(lái)對(duì)超人瑞有 的了解。 it kills pain.Its like a naturally produced morphine.這個(gè)都不是我們的 意識(shí) 能偵測(cè)到的,10:31Now, all of this passes under our conscious radar, which is 這就是為什么我們會(huì)把 線上活動(dòng)和真實(shí)活動(dòng)混why we conflate online activity with the real thing.淆。 但我們現(xiàn)在確實(shí)有新的證據(jù)了,10:34But we do have e

4、vidence now, fresh evidence, that there is a 能證明兩者有差別。 我們來(lái)看一些神經(jīng)科學(xué)。difference.10:42So lets look at some of the neuroscience.伊麗莎白瑞德凱是 馬里蘭大學(xué)的神經(jīng)科學(xué) 家,10:45Elizabeth Redcay, a neuroscientist at the University of她試圖描繪出 當(dāng)我們當(dāng)面與人互動(dòng)時(shí)、 及當(dāng)Maryland, tried to map the difference between what goes on靜態(tài)目標(biāo)時(shí), 腦中的反應(yīng)有什么差

5、別。做法是in our brains when we interact inversus when were 比較大腦功能差異,10:47watching something thats static And what she did was she compared the brain function of她用了這兩組人: 在動(dòng)態(tài)的 中,一組是 和她或two groups of people, those interacting live with her or with 是她其中一名同事 進(jìn)行互動(dòng)的人, 然后把這組人的one of her research associates in a

6、 dynamic conversation, 大腦活動(dòng)10:59dopamine: n.生化多巴胺(一種治腦神經(jīng)病的 ) morphine: n.毒物藥 conscious: adj. 的；故意的；神志清醒的 conflate: vt.合并;異文合并 neuroscien學(xué)家 Maryland: n.馬里蘭(美國(guó)州名) versus: preand she compared that to the brain activitwere watching her talk about the same subje想canned And by the way, if you want to know

7、 how she fi in an MRI scanner at the same time, talk to me lSo whats the difference? This is your brain on real social interaction. 晚點(diǎn)再來(lái)的。11:28 31What youre seeing is the difference in brain activity b容時(shí)的差異。 橘色interacting in34In orange, you see the brain areas that are associated wi attention, socia

8、l intelligence that means anticipating w somebody else is thinking and feeling and planning and emotional reward. And these areas become much more engaged when were interacting with a live partner.征Now, these richer brain signatures might be why recruiters 可能人在想什么、 感受如。 當(dāng)我們與真實(shí)伙伴 使用。 這些較豐富的大腦特 from F

9、ortune 500 companies evaluating candidates thought 工候選 的招聘that the candidates were smarter when they heard their他的簡(jiǎn)介、 電子郵件、信件時(shí),12:01voicescanned: adj.罐裝的;光電子掃描裝置 anticipating: adj.預(yù)期的;期望的/v.期待;預(yù)期(anticipate的ing形式);使提前發(fā)生 emotional: adj.情 易激動(dòng)的；感動(dòng)人的 signatures: n.簽名;鮮明特征(signature的復(fù)數(shù)) recruiters: n.招聘a

10、luate的ing形式) candidates: n.候選人;申請(qǐng)者;應(yīng)征 compared to when they just read their pitches in a text, for我們 和肢體語(yǔ)言 能傳遞example, or anNow, our voices and body language convey a rich signal.有感覺、12:20It shows that were thinking, feeling, sentient human bei是一個(gè)演算法。 芝加哥大who are much more than an algorithm.Now, thi

11、s research by Nicholas Epley at the University Chicago Business School is quite amazing because it究, 很驚人的是這研究人聽到你的聲simple thing.If somebody hears your voice, they think youre s很簡(jiǎn)單的一件 I mean, thats quite a simple thing.Now, to return to the beginning, why do wo than men?是,女And one major reason is tha

12、t women are, 并好好prioritize and groom their face to facetheir lifespans. Fresh evidence shows that these in-create a biological force field agai pitches: pitch的變形 convey: vt.傳達(dá);把區(qū)分優(yōu)先次序/vi.把事情按優(yōu)先順序排好 groom: vt.整飾；推薦；喂馬；刷洗(馬等)/vi.打扮/n.新郎；馬夫；男仆 in-: 親自;外貌上 friendships: n.友誼(friendship的復(fù)數(shù));表示友誼的事例And its

13、 not just true of humans but their primate relations, 靈長(zhǎng)類的關(guān)系都是如此。 人類學(xué)家瓊安西爾克的our primate relations as well.研究指出,13:06Anthropologist Joan Silks work shows that female baboons 有一群雌性朋友的母狒狒, 從皮質(zhì)醇量可以顯示 牠who have a core of female friends show lower levels of stress 們的via their cortisol levels, they live lo

14、nger and they have more 會(huì)存比較低, 牠們 較長(zhǎng), 且孩子比較有機(jī) surviving offspring. At least three stable relationships.這就是好好想想 That was the magic number.Think about it.我希望 1I hope you guys have three.這種面對(duì)面The power of such face to face contact is really why there are就是為什么的人 會(huì)癡呆的比例比較the lowest rates of dementia amon

15、g people who are socially 低。 它也是engaged. Its why women who have breast cancer are four times more 存活率還比癌的女人13:34 者高四倍。 也就是為什么曾likely to survive their disease than loners are.中風(fēng)過的男人, 如Why men whove had a stroke who meet regularly to play 或喝咖啡、 或打人poker or to have coffee or to play old-timers hockey13

16、:51primate: n.大主教;靈長(zhǎng)類的動(dòng)物;首領(lǐng)/adj.靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物的;首要的ologi;人類學(xué)者 offspring: n.后代，子孫；產(chǎn)物 lowest: adj.最低的;最小的(low的old-timer: n.老前輩;舊式的人;老人;老資格的人 hockey: n.曲棍球;冰球Im Canadian, after all（笑聲）13:59 (Laughter) are better protected by that social contact than 他們受到社交接觸的保的保護(hù)。也是為什么曾中風(fēng)過的男they are by medication.Why men whove

17、had a stroke who meet regularly this is 如果常見面 這是他們能something very powerful they can do.事。14:06This face to face contact provides stunning benefits, yet now這種面對(duì)面接觸提供了驚人almost a quarter of the population says they have no one to 之一的人口, 說(shuō)他們沒有人可talk to.四分11 We can do something about this.對(duì)此,我們可以做點(diǎn)什么,14:

18、20 Like Sardinian villagers, its a biological imperative to know 像薩丁尼亞的村民, 知道我們屬體, 是一種生we belong, and not物需求, 不只是我們當(dāng)中的女性獨(dú)有。14:23Building inworkplaces, into our agendas bolsters the immune system, 地點(diǎn)中、 我們的議程中, 能強(qiáng)疫系統(tǒng), 透過血sends feel-good hormones surging through the液和大腦來(lái)傳送 感覺很好的 協(xié)助我們更長(zhǎng)壽。14:30bloodstrea

19、m and brain and helps us live longer.I call this building your village, and building it andsustaining it is a matter of life and death.我稱這個(gè)叫做建立你的村子, 建立它、關(guān)生死。14:45stunning: adj.極好的;使人暈倒的;震耳欲聾的/v.把打昏;使震耳欲聾;使大吃一驚(stun的ing形式) workplaces: n. 工作場(chǎng)所(workplace的復(fù)數(shù)) agendas: n.會(huì)議議程(agenda的復(fù)數(shù)) bolsters: n.支持;長(zhǎng)枕

20、/vt.支持;支撐 immune: ad 疫 的；免于的，免除的/n.免疫者；免除者 feel-good: 感覺舒服,感覺良好 hormones: n.生理激素;制劑(hormone的復(fù)數(shù)) surging: v.沖擊(surge的ing形式);浪涌 bloodstream: n.生理血 續(xù)的;支持的/v.維持(sustain的現(xiàn)在分詞);支持;承受Thank you.(Applause) Helen Walters: Susan, come back. I have a question for you.（掌聲） 海倫華特斯:蘇珊,請(qǐng)回來(lái)。 我有 題想請(qǐng)教你。14:53Im wonderin

21、g if theres a middle path.我很好奇是否有條中道？15:02So you talk about the neurotransmitters connecting when in 你談到在面對(duì)面時(shí)會(huì)有 神經(jīng)傳遞介質(zhì)face to face, but what about digital technology?數(shù)位科技呢？15:04 Weve seen enormous improvements in digital technology 我們已經(jīng)在數(shù)位科技上 看到巨大的like FaceTime, things like that.FaceTime 之類的。 （注:視訊通

22、話應(yīng)用程式） 15:09Does that work too?那也有用嗎？15:14I mean, I see my nephew.我看 侄兒,15:16錫育軟件He plays Minecraft and hes yelling at his friends.他會(huì)玩 Minecraft （創(chuàng)世神）, 他會(huì)對(duì)他的朋友吼叫。15:17It seems like hes connecting pretty well.他的連結(jié)似乎挺好的。15:19Is that useful? Is that helpful?那有用嗎？那有幫助嗎？15:21Susan Pinker: Some of the dat

23、a are just emerging.蘇珊平克:有些 這類的資料正在產(chǎn)生中。15:23 The data are so fresh that the digital revolution happened and the health data trailed behind.資料還很新,數(shù)位 發(fā)生了, 而健康資料還落在后面。15:26So were just learning, but I would say there are some所以我們還在學(xué)習(xí), 但我會(huì)說(shuō),對(duì)于科技, 我們可以improvements that we could make in the technology. 做些 。15:31enormous: adj.龐大的，