unit11的練習(xí)

1、一、疑點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)破解1. Can you tell me where theres a good place to eat？你能告訴我哪里有吃飯的好地方嗎？疑點(diǎn)：to eat動詞不定時作place的后置定語。如：I want to find something to eat.難點(diǎn)：當(dāng)動詞不定式作定語時，若不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞，后面的介詞不能省略。如：Its very cold outside. We must find a room to live in.2. Peter，please lend me your pen.彼得，把你的鋼筆借給我一下。疑點(diǎn)：lend sb. sth.=lend

2、sth. to sb把某物借給某人,如：I have lent my pen to the teacher=I have lent the teacher my pen.難點(diǎn)：“借”的表達(dá)方式不同，表達(dá)的含義也不同。觀察例句，體會“借”的不同。1)May I borrow some books from the library？我可以從圖書館借幾本書嗎？borrowfrom從借(對主語來說是借進(jìn))2)He has kept the book for five days.這本書他已經(jīng)借了五天了。keep sth. for some time借某物一段時間，用于完成時。3)Can I have a

3、 piece of paper from you？我可以借你一張紙嗎？have sth. from sb.借某人某物(借后不用歸還)3.They have organized games and the staff dress up as clown.他們組織各種游戲，所有人都裝扮成小丑。疑點(diǎn)：dress up常用作不及物動詞短語，意為“穿著最好的衣服、打扮、化妝”，其后一般不接表示衣服的名詞。如：They all dressed up as teachers and began to teach in the class.難點(diǎn)：表示穿著的詞還有幾個，每一個都有不同的側(cè)重點(diǎn)，學(xué)習(xí)中注意區(qū)分。p

4、ut on和get dress都表示穿上衣服的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動作；wear，be in，be dressed側(cè)重穿著、戴著的狀態(tài)；dress意為“給穿衣服”。4. On the other hand，it might be alright to say “Where is my book？”in some situations，perhaps with people you know well.另外一方面，與你熟識的人在某些場合說“我的書哪兒去了？”或許更好一些。疑點(diǎn)：alright=all right主要用法有三種：1)用于系動詞be之后，表示健康狀況，相當(dāng)于fine或well；如：How

5、are you？I am alright/well/fine.2)表示贊同對方的意見，意為“行、好吧”；如：Lets meet outside the school gate.Alright=All right.3)表示令人滿意、順利的,如：His teaching is alright.他教的課令人滿意。難點(diǎn)：注意和Thats right. Thats all right.的區(qū)別。Thats right=You are right=Right表示贊同對方的意見或看法，意為“不錯、正確”。Thats all right.1)用于回答別人表示感謝時的用語，意為“別客氣、不用謝”2)用于回答別人道

6、歉時的用語，意為“不要緊、沒關(guān)系”3)用于對對方某一情況表明“沒問題、行了”二、重點(diǎn)講解1.Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？請你告訴我?guī)谀膬汉脝?？Could you？是個句型，could在此不是過去形式，它此時表示語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、有禮貌。在希望得到肯定答復(fù)的疑問句中，以及在含有表示建議、請求和征求意見語氣的疑問句中，常用some和something，而不用any和anything。(1)Could you lend me your motorbike， please？ 請把你的摩托車借給我好嗎？(2)Could you tell

7、me something about yourself.請談?wù)勀阕约汉脝幔?. The bank is next to the bookstore.銀行在書店的旁邊。next to： a close beside貼近，靠近如：Im sitting next to Mary.我坐在瑪麗的旁邊。英語中表示方位的表達(dá)有：close to在附近；on the left/right side在左/右邊；in the middle of在的中間；in front of 在的前面；betweenand在之間；be opposite to在對面；across from 在對面。3. Its also just

8、 fun to watch people.觀察人是很有趣的。Its+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.(對于某人來說，做某事是的)該句型中，it是一個形式主語，真正的主語是不定式短語to do sth.句型中的for sb.常根據(jù)需要省略。如：Its impossible for him to get up early.對于他來說，早起床是不可能的。4. When I go into stores I always spend too much money！當(dāng)我走進(jìn)商店，我總會花掉很多的錢。spend，cost，take，pay 都可以表示“花費(fèi)”，但用法卻不盡相同。1)spe

9、nd的主語必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：spend time/money on sth. 在上花費(fèi)時間(金錢)。如：I spent two hours on this maths problem.這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個小時。spend time/money (in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時間(金錢)做某事。如：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。spend money for sth. 花錢買。如：His money was spent for books.他的錢用來買書了。2)cost的主語是物或某種活動，還

10、可以表示“值”，常見用法如下：sth. costs (sb.)+金錢，某物花了(某人)多少錢。如：A new computer costs a lot of money.買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。(doing) sth. costs (sb.)+時間，某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時間。如：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量時間才記住了這些單詞。3)take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下幾種：It takes sb.+時間+to do sth.做某事花了某人多少時間。如：It took them three yea

11、rs to build this road.他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。doing sth. takes sb. +時間，做某事花了某人多少時間。如：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修車。4)pay的基本用法是：pay(sb.) money for sth. 付錢(給某人)買,如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每個月要付20英鎊的房租。pay for sth. 付的錢。如：I have to pay for the book lost

12、.我不得不賠丟失的書款。pay for sb.替某人付錢。如：Dont worry！ Ill pay for you.別擔(dān)心，我會給你付錢的。5. Its kind of small.它有點(diǎn)小。kind of： rather；in a certain way 有點(diǎn)兒，有幾分。如：Im feeling kind of tired.我感到有點(diǎn)兒累了。a kind of：a sort of 一種。如：Shark is a kind of fish in the sea. 鯊魚是一種海里的魚三、語法展示賓語從句：賓語從句是初中英語重要的語法內(nèi)容，同時它也是中考必考項(xiàng)目。要學(xué)好賓語從句，必須掌握好它的基

13、本概念，基本特點(diǎn)和有關(guān)難點(diǎn)。基本概念：在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它是眾多從句中的一員，它在復(fù)合句中作主句謂語動詞、介詞的賓語。1、掌握引導(dǎo)賓語從句的各種連詞 2、掌握賓語從句的語序主句+連接詞+主語+謂語3、掌握賓語從句與主句在時態(tài)上的呼應(yīng)。重點(diǎn)：語序和時態(tài)呼應(yīng)難點(diǎn)：語序和時態(tài)呼應(yīng)；與疑問詞+不定式的轉(zhuǎn)化；與狀語從句的辨析 (一)連接詞1.連詞that(在口語、非正式文體中可以省略，本身沒有意義)。引導(dǎo)陳述句做賓語從句。如：I tell him that I have read the story.2.連詞if或whether(是否)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：Do you know if

14、 he will go to school tomorrow？3.連接代詞who，whose，what，which和連接副詞how，when where引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連詞在句中作成分，有實(shí)際意義不能省略。He didnt know when he would leave for Shanghai.注意：1、由連接代、副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以和“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化。如. I dont know how I should do with the presents.=I dont know how to do with the presents.2、要注意區(qū)分判斷由if、when引導(dǎo)的從句

15、類型.(賓語從句還是狀語從句)(二)語序從句要用陳述句語序，就是指賓語從句中主語一定要放在謂語動詞之前。1.主句(主語+謂語vt)+(that)從句(主語+謂語)；2.主句+if/whether從句(主語+謂語)；3.主句+連接代詞who/whom/whose/what/which+陳述句語序(主語+謂語)；4.主句+連接副詞when/where/why/how+陳述句語序。(三)時態(tài)一致賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)，常常受主句謂語時態(tài)的制約，這種現(xiàn)象稱為“時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)”。1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句可以使用各種時態(tài)。2.主句是一般過去時，賓語從句時態(tài)要用與過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)。比如，一般過去時，過去完

16、成時，過去將來時等等。(四)相關(guān)的難點(diǎn)及考點(diǎn)1.連結(jié)詞that的省略。在非正式場合下，that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時可以省略。如：I think (that) it is terrible.但在正式場合，特別是表示建議要求的從句，一般不省略。2.Whether不能換為if的情況一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介詞前：It depends on whether it is going to rain.與or not連用：They are talking

17、 about whether to go there or not.3.語序例外的特例。Whats the matter ？作為賓語從句時有兩種前況。當(dāng)它的解釋是“怎么了？”時，語序不要變化。當(dāng)它的解釋是“這是什么物質(zhì)？”時，要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序。如：The teacher asked the students what the matter was.The teacher asked the students what was the matter？4.時態(tài)例外的特例。如果賓語從句所敘述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句或諺語等，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都用原時態(tài)。The teacher told

18、 us light travels much faster than sound . 5.賓語從句否定意義的轉(zhuǎn)移。 在think ， believe ， suppose， imagine等動詞所跟的賓語中，如果從句謂語是否定的，一般要將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移至主句謂語上去，而將從句謂語改為肯定形式。如：I dont think he has time to play with the girl.6.由think ， believe ， suppose， imagine 加賓語從句的反意疑問句。其疑問部分的構(gòu)成方法是：“結(jié)構(gòu)看從句，肯定否定看主句” 如：He thought it was late ，

19、 wasnt it ？7.賓語從句和狀語從句的分辯。在某些情況下，同學(xué)們?nèi)菀谆煜e語從句和狀語從句。如if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句或狀語從句?？梢杂靡韵路椒▉硖幚恚寒?dāng)if解釋為“是否”時，其引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。遵循賓語從句的時態(tài)規(guī)則。He doesnt know if the famous singer will come tomorrow.當(dāng)if解釋為“如果”時，其引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句。遵循的是“主將從現(xiàn)”的時態(tài)規(guī)則。He will come if he has time tomorrow達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練(一)單項(xiàng)選擇( )1.Could you please tell us Marys telephone

20、number？A. to give B. give C. giving D. to giving( )2.He often makes big plans that never .A. happen B. to happen C. happening D. to happening( )3. Can you please tell me where the post office？A. to find B. can I find C. how to find D. find( )4. Do you know where some maps？A. can I buy B. can buy C.

21、I can buy D. buy( )5. Mr Tan makes the best noodles in town. Theyre .A. sour B. delicious C. crispy D. salty( )6. Do you know there are any good restaurants this block？A. if，on B. how，on C. if，to D. where，to( )7.I live next to Xinshilong supermarket. Its very . A. beautiful B. clean C. delicious D.

22、convenient( )8. Do you know where ？A. is the shop B. is shop C. shop is D. the shop is( )9.Do you know how to go the restrooms？ A. Yes，I can. B. I could .C. Sure. D. I could tell you.( )10. Where is the bookstore？Take the elevator the second floor and turn left. And the bookstore is the furniture st

23、ore and the drugstore.A. at，next to B. at，between C. on，between D. to，next to( ) 11. Can you tell me ？A. how much does it cost B.how much it isC.how much it costs D. Both B and C( )12-I dont know Mr.Green will come to see us.He will help us with our English.A. why B. when C. how D. where ( )13. I dont feel very well.Mum asked me this morning.A. what the matter is B. what was wrongC. what the matter was D. what wrong was( ) 14. Yao Ming is a boy who is helping the Houston Rocket