普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題解析

1、2015年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題（解析版）注意事項(xiàng)： 1. 本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分。第卷1頁至10頁，第卷11頁至13頁。 2. 答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名，準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在本試卷相應(yīng)的位置。 3. 全部答案在答題卡上完成，搭載本試卷上無效。 4. 第卷聽力部分滿分30分，不計(jì)入總分，考試成績錄取時(shí)提供給高校作參考。 5. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第卷第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略 做題時(shí)，現(xiàn)將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第1節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）（略）聽下面

2、5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.18 C. 9.15答案是C。第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMonthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start a

3、t 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end around 21:00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training

4、others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.December 5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice f

5、or food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn C

6、anal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. London Canal Museum 12-13 New

7、 Wharf Road, London NI 9RT Tel:020 7713 083621.When is the talk on James Brindley?A. November 7th.B. March 6th.C. February 6th.D. December 5th.22. What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers.B. Ice for the MetropolisC. Eyots and Aits- Thames IslandsD. An Update on the Cotswold Ca

8、nals23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?A. Chris LewisB. Malcolm TuckerC. Miranda VickersD. Liz Payne【答案】21. C22. D 23. A 21. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.所對(duì)應(yīng)的日期November 7th.。故選C。22. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段February 6th中的第一句An U

9、pdate on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.可以得出答案。故選D。23. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.可以知道做報(bào)告的人是Mirands Vickets。故選A?？键c(diǎn)：廣告布告類短文閱讀 BThe freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this wint

10、er, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(維生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swi

11、mming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the

12、 early wake-up call. The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 p.m, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, la

13、rge, soft and round red tomatoes.Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, Ive refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one parti

14、cular table at the Browns Grove Farms stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal- and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldnt be experiencing again for months. Del

15、ighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where- luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I

16、knew Id be ordering every tomato on it.24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying.25. What made the authors getting up late early worthwhile?A. Having a swim.B. Breathing in fresh air.C. Walking in the morning sun.D. Visiting a local

17、 farmers market.26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?A. They are soft.B. They look nice.C. They taste great.D. They are juicy.27. What was the author going to that evening?A. Go to a farm. B. Check into a hotel.C. Eat in a restaurant.D. Buy fresh vegetable【答案】24. B 25. D 2

18、6. B 27. C 24. B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,可以推測出作者在紐約冬天的生活是令人厭煩的。故選B。25. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth

19、 the early wake-up call.可知作者早上7點(diǎn)到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場是有意義的?？芍xD。26. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.可知，紐約的西紅柿在商店里看起來是很吸引人的。可知選B。27. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段尤其倒數(shù)第一二句可知，作者晚上計(jì)劃在餐館吃飯，并且點(diǎn)西紅柿。故選C。考點(diǎn)：記敘類短文閱讀 CSalvador Dali (1904-1

20、989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the

21、 visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also LEnigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World

22、 of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (無限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contract

23、ion and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in

24、Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?A. Optimistic. B. Productive C. Generous. D. Traditional.29. What is Dalis The Persistence of Memory considered to be?

25、A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation. C. An artistic creation for the stage. D. One of the beat TV programmes.30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?A. By popularity.B. By importance.C. By size and shape.D. By time and subject.31. What does the word “contribut

26、ions” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 29. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知The Persistence of Memory是他的杰

27、作之一。故選A。30. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知展覽是根據(jù)時(shí)間和主題安排的。故選D?？键c(diǎn)：說明類短文閱讀 DConflict is on the menu tonight at the caf La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France

28、s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isnt always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高談闊論)，slow to open up and connect. “Y

29、ou are forbidden to say one feels, or people think,”Lehane told them. “Say I think, Think me.”A caf society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldnt seem more un-French. But Lehannes psychology caf is about more than knowing oneself: Its trying to help the citys troubled neighborhood cafes.

30、 Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineerin

31、g are catching on, filling tables well into the evening. The citys psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lover, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Leha

32、nces group just to learn to say what they feel. Theres a strong need in Paris for communication, says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up” Lehanne says shed like to see psychology cafes

33、all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldt exist”, she says,”If life werent a battle, people woulnt need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldnt be France.32. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?A. Learn a new subjectB. Keep in touch with friends.

34、C. Show off their knowledge.D. Express their true feelings.33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?A. They are less frequently visited.B. They stay open for longer hours.C. They have bigger night crowds.D. They start to serve fast food.34. What are theme cafes expected to do?A. Create

35、 more jobs.B. Supply better drinks.C. Save the cafe business.D. Serve the neighborhood.35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?A. They bring people true friendship.B. They give people spiritual support.C. They help people realize their dreams.D. They offer a platform for business link

36、s.【答案】32. D33. A 34. C 35. B 33. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.可知改變了年輕一代更多時(shí)間呆在家里。故選A。34. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Dozens of new theme cafes app

37、ear to change the situation.可以得出答案。故選C?？键c(diǎn)：社會(huì)類短文閱讀 第二節(jié) （共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .That is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relat

38、ionship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore,

39、 37. Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.l 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.l 39 If youve been betray

40、ed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.l You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situa

41、tion from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C

42、. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean your

43、e ignoring what happened.【答案】36. B37. E 38. A39. C 40. G 38. A 根據(jù)后句having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要講述要學(xué)會(huì)信任自己。可知選A。39. C根據(jù)后句If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段

44、主要講述不要認(rèn)為自己是受害者。故選C。40. G根據(jù)前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的積極面，也不

45、要忽視所發(fā)生的事情。故選G?？键c(diǎn)：議論類短文閱讀 第三部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分45）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題15分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way ,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ _41_ my job. Family to Feed.”At th

46、is store, a _42_ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a _43_ on how bad it must be to have to stand _44_ in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to _45_ something they thought our “friend” there would _46_. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. The

47、n my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48_ on cash ourselves, but well, sometimes _49_ from our need instead of our abundance is _50_ what we need to do! All the kids _51_ something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of _52_, he lit up

48、 and thanked us with _53_ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54_his family might need, he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful _55_ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can _56_! Things would have played out so _57_ if I had simply s

49、aid, “No, we really dont have _58_ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in _59_, it also gave my kids the _60_ taste of helping others. Itll go a long way with them.41. A. LostB. ChangedC. QuitD. Finished42. A conditionB. placeC. sightD. show43. A. suggestionB. commentC. decisionD.

50、call44. A. outsideB. proudlyC. byD. angrily45. A. drawB. sayC. arrangeD. pick46. A. orderB. supplyC. appreciateD. discover47. A. dollarB. jobC. hot mealD. gift card48. A. easyB. lowC. softD. loose49. A. givingB. savingC. spendingD. begging50. A. yetB. evenC. stillD. just51. A. declaredB. sharedC. ig

51、noredD. expected52. A . toysB. medicineC. foodD. clothes53. A. sleepyB. wateryC. curiousD. sharp54. A. whoeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever55. A. experienceB. exampleC. messageD. adventure56. A. rely onB. respectC. learn fromD. help57. A. suddenlyB. vividlyC. differentlyD. perfectly58. A. timeB

52、. powerC. patienceD. money59. A. fearB. loveC. needD. memory60. A. strongB. sweetC. strangeD. simple【答案】 41. A42. C43. B44. A45. D46. C47. D48. B49. A50. D51. A52. C53. B54. B55. A56. D57. C58. D59. C60. B 41A考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. Lose失去；B. Changed改變；C. Quit放棄； D. Finished完成。短語lose ones job失業(yè)。在路上，我們注意到一個(gè)男

53、人握著一張紙，紙上寫到：“失業(yè)，需要養(yǎng)家。” 答案選A。42C考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A condition狀況；B. place地方；C. sight情景； D. show展示。在這家商店，像這樣的場景并不正常。選C。43B考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. suggestion建議；B. comment評(píng)論；C. decision決定；D. call電話。make a comment on對(duì)發(fā)表看法。我10歲的孩子注意到他，并評(píng)論說在寒風(fēng)中站在外面一定很糟糕。故選B。 47D考查動(dòng)名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. dollar美元；B. job工作；C. hot meal熱餐；D. gift ca

54、rd禮物卡。根據(jù)下文提示可知，我17歲的孩子建議給他一張禮物卡。選D。48B考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. easy容易的；B. low低的；C. soft柔軟的；D. loose松的。根據(jù)下句的意思可知“我們現(xiàn)金不足或缺乏”，low意思“少，低”。選B。49A考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. giving給予；B. saving節(jié)?。籆. spending花費(fèi)；D. begging懇求。我們把我們不充足的東西給予別人，而不是充足的東西，正是我們真正需要去做的。選A。50D考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. yet然而；B. even甚至；C. still任然；D. just剛剛。僅僅是我們需要做

55、的。選D。51A考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. declared宣告；B. shared分享；C. ignored忽視；D. expected期望。所有的孩子聲明了他們能夠?yàn)檫@個(gè)周末放棄自己想要的東西。選A。52C 考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A . toys玩具；B. medicine藥；C. food食物；D. clothes衣服。根據(jù)上文的apples, sandwich and a bottle of juice可知是食物。選C。53 B 考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. sleepy瞌睡的；B. watery潮濕的；C. curious好奇的；D. sharp鋒利的。帶著潮濕的雙眼感謝

56、我們。選B。54B考查代詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. whoever無論誰；B. whatever無論什么C. whichever無論哪一個(gè)；D. whenever無論什么時(shí)候。動(dòng)詞need缺少賓語，故用whatever。他可以給我打電話，無論他的家人需要什么。故選B。55A考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. experience經(jīng)歷；B. example例子；C. message信息；D. adventure冒險(xiǎn)。這對(duì)我們家庭是一次極好的經(jīng)歷。選A。56D考查動(dòng)詞及短語以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. rely on依靠；B. respect尊敬；C. learn from從學(xué)到；D. help幫助。多少天來，孩子們一直在尋找我們能夠幫助的其他人。選D。57C考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. suddenly突然；B. vividly生動(dòng)地；C. differently不同地；D. perfectly完美地。事情發(fā)生得如此的不同。 選C。58D考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. time時(shí)間；B.