牛津上海版中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)-7-形副疑問句話題作文_學(xué)案

1、. 學(xué)科老師輔導(dǎo)學(xué)案 課程主題： 17-7-形副疑問句話題作文 學(xué)習(xí)目的1.理解形容詞和副詞的種類以及根本功能。2.形容詞和副詞的意義及用法比較。3.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)。4.掌握反義疑問句的考點(diǎn)。5.掌握特殊疑問句的構(gòu)造和特殊疑問詞的選擇。6.學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)劃線的句子進(jìn)展提問。7.掌握文字提示寫作的要點(diǎn)和寫作方法。教學(xué)內(nèi)容1.1. 代詞賓語從句復(fù)習(xí)一.形容詞和副詞【知識(shí)梳理】1.形容詞的用法形容詞的根本功能是修飾名詞，在句中可用作定語、表語、主語補(bǔ)足語、賓浯補(bǔ)足語等成分。1作定語 He is a very strong sportsman. Is there anything importa

2、nt at the meeting? 注意：修飾不定代詞something，anything，nothing等的形容詞需后置。有些形容詞只能作定語，如：only，elder，indoor，outdoor等。 Danny, the only child in the family, is spoilt.2作表語 例：The man is alone at home but he doesnt feel lonely. 注意： A.大多數(shù)以“a開頭的形容詞屬于表語形容詞，只能在句中作表語。 例：Is the baby asleep oe awake？ It is asleep.Its a plea

3、sure to look at a sleeping babys face. B.只能在句中中作表語的形容詞還有：表示身體狀況的形容詞，如：well，unwell，ill；表示心理狀態(tài)的形容詞，如：sorry，sure等。 例：The woman is ill. “她病了不能說：She is an ill woman. C.感官動(dòng)詞用作聯(lián)絡(luò)動(dòng)詞，如look，sound，smell，taste，feel后面需接adj.作表語。 例：She doesnt feel well today.She feels ill. 3做賓語補(bǔ)足語 例：Students should keep the readin

4、g-room quiet. 注意：被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，我們稱其為主語補(bǔ)足語。 例：The reading-room should be kept quiet by students. 4做狀語 例：After a long journey，he returned home，tired and hungry. 注意：形容詞作狀語多用作伴隨狀語。 5形容詞和介詞有固定搭配 例：different from，the same as，far from，close to，be afraid of，be full of，become interested in, be good at, be pleased wi

5、th, be bad for, be harmful to等。 6有些名詞加后綴可變成形容詞 例：lovely，friendship，crowded，careful，careless，wooden，sunny，windy，rainy。2.形容詞的位置形容詞在句中的位置 1形容詞的位置一般在它所修飾的名詞之前。 例：Betty is a lovely girl. This is an exciting film. 2假設(shè)“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞，仍舊放在它所修飾的名詞之前。要注意復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)。 例：Its a 200-mile-long river. = Its a r

6、iver 200 miles long. There is a ten-meter-deep well in the village. 3兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，形容詞排列的次序一般應(yīng)考慮以下兩種情況。 A.與被修飾名詞關(guān)系越親密的形容詞位置越靠近名詞。 例：I saw an exciting American film with my parents last week. B.音節(jié)少的形容詞位置在前，音節(jié)多的形容詞位置在后。 例：Theres a nice and beautiful garden in front of the house.4表語形容詞作后置定語。 例：The

7、baby asleep is Aunt Huangs daughter. There is no fish alive in the polluted river.5修飾something, anything, nothing, anybody等不定代詞的形容詞后置。 例：Anyone intelligent can do it. Please tell me something important in today's newspaper.6形容詞present, possible常作后置定語。 例：All the people present are famous scientis

8、ts. We'll try to solve the difficult problem by all means possible.7形容詞與數(shù)量詞一起構(gòu)成短語作后置定語。 例：I've got a dictionary three inches thick. =I've got a three-inch-thick dictionary. Hongqiao road is a street fifty miles wide.8形容詞短語作定語一般需后置。 例：A man easy to please must be easy to work with. All th

9、ese are matters worthy of attention.4多個(gè)形容詞作前置定語的順序1形容詞的詞序 茌名詞前出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)，常常涉及詞的排列順序問題。 例：a fat old lady an old fat lady× a small black leather handbag a leather black small handbag×2多個(gè)形容詞作前置定語的順序 A.冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞等 B.描繪性形容詞又分為：數(shù)量、大小、形狀、顏色、新舊、年齡 C.分類性表示本質(zhì)特征的形容詞 例：a little nice Swiss gold

10、 watch the first strong big young man a very valuable golden Chinese tiger your nice little red box 注意：同屬一類形容詞并列時(shí)，短詞在前，長(zhǎng)詞在后。 例：It is a vast and beautiful land.3也可以這樣記憶：指示代詞this/these+數(shù)詞first/two+表示大小的形容詞big/small+表示性質(zhì)的形容詞fine/nice+表示顏色的形容詞red/green+表示長(zhǎng)幼的形容詞old/young+由專有名詞轉(zhuǎn)換來的形容詞Chinese/American或表示本質(zhì)

11、特征的形容詞 wooden/stone+名訶例：these two big quiet grey old British castles這兩座灰色的、古老而寧靜的英國(guó)大城堡【口訣】形容詞排列順序口訣：The mans first two interesting little red French oil paintings. 把這句話背下來，形容詞排列順序的奧秘就在其中！4形容詞的辨析 A.同形的形容詞和副詞如：close作形容詞時(shí)意為“親密的；作副詞時(shí)意為“接近、靠攏。 B.形式上像副詞的形容詞如：friendly，lovely，lively實(shí)際上是形容詞，切不可當(dāng)作副詞使用。 C.形容詞的

12、位置不同，意義有區(qū)別如：present situation當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)；people present在場(chǎng)的人3.副詞的位置 副詞在句子中的位置一般有以下三種1放句末，假設(shè)同時(shí)有幾個(gè)副詞作狀語，排列為：方式、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間。 例：Henry worked well here yesterday.2放句首，修飾全句或強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞。 例：Still, in spite of what you say, I don't think it is true.3頻度副詞、其他表示程度或不確定時(shí)間的副詞，放在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后。如：almost, always, often，us

13、ually，never，ever，just，nearly，quite, hardly, still, already, certainly, really等。 例：He usually goes to bed late at night. She is sometimes late for a meeting.4.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 對(duì)兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)展比較，表示“較或“更一些用比較級(jí)。如：He is taller than I. 對(duì)三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物進(jìn)展比較，表示“最時(shí)用最高級(jí)。如：That was the busiest day in my life.1比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成：

14、1形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的規(guī)那么變化如下表：不規(guī)那么變化2副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 副詞的比較級(jí)形式的變化與形容詞大致一樣，但以后綴-ly結(jié)尾的副詞需用more和most。副詞最高級(jí)前的the可省略。如： hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest quickly more quickly most quickly 不規(guī)那么變化： well better best badly worse worst much more most2有些形容詞和副詞無比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，這是由他們的詞義決定的 如：right，wrong，t

15、rue，false，empty，wooden，monthly，here，now，very等。3形容詞和副詞表示比較的根本句型1原級(jí)常用“as+adj./adv.原級(jí)+as構(gòu)造 例：He is as careful as I. He does his homework as carefully as I.2否認(rèn)那么用“not asas或“not soas表示 倒：She doesn't speak English so fast as you.3比較級(jí)常用“adj. /adv.比較級(jí)+than構(gòu)造表示 例：He is fatter than Jack. He runs more slow

16、ly than Jack. 有時(shí)可用much, even, still, far, by far,a lot,a little,a great deal,a bit等來修飾比較級(jí)，表示程度。 例：Asia is by far larger than Australia. This building is much taller than that one. This story is even more interesting than that one. 比較級(jí)前也可用“數(shù)詞十名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語表示詳細(xì)的程度。 例：He is two inches taller than his father

17、.4less+ adj.adv原級(jí)+than表示“甲不如乙。 例：Tom is less careful than Mary. =Tom is not so careful as Mary.5形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)連用表示“越來越。 例：When spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer. In the last ten minutes, he ran more and more slowly.6"the more, the more表示“越就越。 例：I hope you will come here, the sooner the better.

18、 The harder you work, the more progress you will make.7the+ adj. /adv比較級(jí)of+n表示“兩者中較的。 例：She is the prettier of the two sisters. This rope is the longer of the two.8 "the+ adj. /adv最高級(jí)+n+of in/among比較范圍 例：The sun looks the biggest and brightest of all the stars because it is the nearest to us. 最

19、高級(jí)可被序數(shù)詞修飾 例：The Yellow River is the second longest in China. 最高級(jí)可以和物主代詞連用 例：I think he has done his best. The old man smiled his pleasantest when he learned the good news.9比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間互相轉(zhuǎn)變 例：He is the tallest student in his class可以變成以下同義比較級(jí)句子： He is taller than any other student in his class. He is tal

20、ler than any of the other students in his class. He is taller than any of the others in his class. He is taller than all the others in his class. He is taller than anybody else in his class, Nobody else in his class is taller than him. No one else in his class is taller than him.【例題精講】例1. You look s

21、o_ , Tom. Yes, the journey was _ . Climbing the hill almost killed me.A. tired; tiredB. tiring; tiredC. tired; tiringD. tiring; tiring例2.He was _ nervous and terribly jealous and he covered his nervous jealousy with an ebullient熱情的 friendliness.extreme例3.Wendy is _ to guests than Paul.friend【課堂練習(xí)】1.

22、To my surprise, he told me pretty _ all the secrets of the board of directions.A. almostB. alwaysC. nearlyD. hardly2.Last winter was _ for the latest 22 years in Shanghai.A. colderB. the colderC. cold D. the coldest3.I cant imagine that Shanghai once had the_population in our country in the 1820s.A.

23、 mostB. leastC. fewestD. smallest4._ luck, the seven astronauts in Columbia spaceship couldnt return safely. All of them died.5.Miss Lee won the womens 500 meters in the sports meeting. She did _ of all.A. bestB. betterC. wellD. good6.The mean employer gave_little boys_little money for the tiring jo

24、b.A. so, suchB. so ,soC. such, soD. such, such二.反義疑問句【知識(shí)梳理】1.考點(diǎn)直擊1 陳述部分的主語是I，疑問部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?我和你姐姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？2 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否認(rèn)含義的詞時(shí)，疑問部分用肯定含義。The old man made no answer, did he?Jim is never late for

25、school, is he?3 陳述部分有have to +v. had to + v.，疑問部分常用don't +主語didn't +主語。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?4 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時(shí)，疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?5 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?You

26、'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?6 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?7 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?8 陳述部分有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。Amust表示“

27、應(yīng)該，其疑問部分用mustn't不應(yīng)該，如：You must work hard next term, mustn't you ? 下學(xué)期你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)嗎？Bmust表示“必須，其疑問部分用needn't不必，如：They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他們今天必需要完成這項(xiàng)工作，是嗎？9 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。Everything is ready, isn't it?10 think引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：A.主語是

28、第一人稱I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?B. 假如主語不是第一人稱那么疑問部分與主句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句He thought they were wrong, didn't he? 不能說weren't they?11 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he.Everyone knows the answer, don'

29、t they? doesnt he?Nobody knows about it, do they? does he?12 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?13 Let's 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we或用shan't we ?而Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you或won't you?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we或用sha

30、n't we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you 或won't you?14 陳述部分是"there be"構(gòu)造的，疑問部分用there。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?15 否認(rèn)前綴不能視為否認(rèn)詞，其反意疑問句仍用否認(rèn)形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to hi

31、s classmates, is he?16 must在表"推測(cè)"時(shí)，根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來確定反意疑問句。He must be there now, isn't he?【例題精講】例1.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _ ?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it例2.He dislikes the two subjects,_ he?A. doesB. doesn't C. isD. isn'

32、t【課堂練習(xí)】1.Tom rarely has lunch at home.改為反義疑問句Tom rarely has lunch at home, _ _ ?2.Marys father rarely smokes in public places, _?A. does heB. doesnt he C. is he D. isnt he3.Dont smoke in the meeting room.改為反義疑問句Dont smoke in the meeting room, _ _ ?4.Lets go outside for a walk, _ ?A. shall weB. will

33、weC. do weD. don't we三.特殊疑問句【知識(shí)梳理】1.疑問詞的選擇：1對(duì)指物名詞或謂語動(dòng)詞提出疑問，疑問詞用what；關(guān)于what的其他疑問詞：what color：What is that?What are you doing?What color is the shirt? 2對(duì)修飾名詞的定語提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用which，而且通常和名詞連用。Which book is yours?3對(duì)指人名詞或代詞提問用who，作賓語時(shí)提問用whom。 Who is that boy?Whom / Who did you give that book to?4對(duì)物主代詞和名詞所

34、有格提問用whose。Whose computer is that?5對(duì)詳細(xì)時(shí)間提出疑問，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑問詞用when；When did you finished your homework?對(duì)詳細(xì)幾點(diǎn)鐘提問，疑問詞應(yīng)用what time。What time do you usually get up?6對(duì)詳細(xì)地點(diǎn)提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用where。 Where do you come from?7對(duì)表原因的從句提問，常見的有because引導(dǎo)的從句，疑問詞應(yīng)用why。Why are you late for school?8對(duì)方式或程度等提出疑問，

35、用疑問詞How。How do you like China?9對(duì)數(shù)量提出疑問，疑問詞為How many，要注意how many必須跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。How many birds are there in the tree?10對(duì)價(jià)格提出疑問，疑問詞用How much。How much is that pen?11對(duì)時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用How long。How long is that ruler?How long have you stay in Shanghai?12對(duì)時(shí)間頻率，如 once a year, twice a week等提問，疑問詞用How often難點(diǎn)。 How

36、often do you go to school? 13對(duì)詳細(xì)次數(shù)，如 once, twice, three times等提問，疑問詞用How many times。14對(duì)in一段時(shí)間提問，疑問詞一般用How soon。 How soon will you come back?15對(duì)間隔 提出疑問，疑問詞用How far。 How far is it from your home to your school?16對(duì)日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問，那么分別用 What's the date?/ What day is it ? 假如是過去時(shí)間，就用was代替is。如：What was t

37、he weather like?17關(guān)于how的其他疑問詞：how old, how wide, how deep, how tall, how high等重點(diǎn)?！纠}精講】例1._will happen to us human beings if computers can do most of our jobs?A. HowB. WhichC. WhatD. Why例2.- _book do you think it is ?- It must be Toms.A. WhoseB. WhichC. WhereD. How【課堂練習(xí)】1.-_ do you study for a test?

38、- I study by working with my classmates.A. WhereB. WhyC. WhatD. How2.- _ does this new camera belong to?- Perhaps its Davids.A. WhatB. WhoC. HowD. Whose3.-_ building did the firemen save the old woman from last night?-The blue one.A. HowB. WhichC. WhereD. Whose4._can we help victims after a natural

39、disaster?A. WhoB. HowC. WhereD. When四.文字提示寫作【知識(shí)梳理】1.文字提示寫作此類題型要求考生根據(jù)中、英文提示，明確書面所提供的信息寫出6080個(gè)單詞的小短文?？忌仨毟鶕?jù)提示來安排文章的布局。在此根底上，也可以發(fā)揮想象。但是，這種想象只能在情景規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)作適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)揮。例1： 請(qǐng)用英語介紹你校圖書館。要點(diǎn)如下：1位于學(xué)校東部；2有成千上萬冊(cè)書，兩個(gè)閱覽室；3我們常去借書；4星期天，閱覽室里總是坐滿了學(xué)生；5圖書館對(duì)我們的幫助很大，是我們的好朋友。注意：1內(nèi)容要包括上述所有信息，60個(gè)詞左右； 2對(duì)圍繞主題的適當(dāng)發(fā)揮不扣分t但如有錯(cuò)誤'要按評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

40、扣分。_范文 Our school library lies in the east of the campus. It has a large collection of books and two big reading rooms. It is open to all members of the school. We often go to the library and borrow interesting books. We also use the reading rooms to read magazines or do some written assignments. On

41、 Sundays, the two rooms are full of students. The library is also provided with computers. We can go online if necessary. Our school library is excellent! It is our best friend and we all like it.這篇文章是寫物的，屬于記敘文體裁文章圍繞主題“our school library展開在講述了圖書館的藏書和閱覽室之后，'進(jìn)一步提供細(xì)節(jié)，分別描繪了它們的使甩情況然后，在緊扣主題的前提下作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮：“

42、The library is also provided with computers. We can go online if necessary.最后兩句進(jìn)展總結(jié)。例2：假設(shè)你是李明，用英語寫一封信給你在外地的筆發(fā)John,告訴他你準(zhǔn)備到北京擊旅游， 問他是否愿意一同前往。信的開頭及結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)信的內(nèi)容還應(yīng)包括以下要點(diǎn)：1你打算去北京的時(shí)問及其方式；2你打算在北京停留的時(shí)間及住宿的地點(diǎn)；3你打算游覽的名勝古跡。參考詞匯：頤和園 the Summer Palace 紫禁城 the Forbidden City注：1總詞散80個(gè)左右 2所給的要點(diǎn)提示都必須用上，并做適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)揮；

43、信中不得使用真實(shí)的人名、校名，Dear John,This term will be over. Ill._Please write back soon! Yours, Li Ming范文Dear John,This term will be over. Ill begin my long summer holiday on July 5. This summer, I will go on holiday to Beijing and stay there for ten days. Im planning to go there by train. During my stay, I wi

44、ll visit some beautiful and historic places, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City. I think my visit will be pleasant and enjoyable. By the way, I will live with my uncle in Beijing. Would you like to travel with me?Please write back soon! Yours, Li Ming這是一個(gè)書信體的書面表達(dá)題，書信格式已

45、經(jīng)提供考生首先要列出要點(diǎn)：時(shí)間thissummer地點(diǎn)Beijing停留的時(shí)間ten days，旅行方式by train方案visit some beautiful and historic places，期待pleasant and enjoyable及住宿的地點(diǎn)live with my uncle。然后，根據(jù)這些要點(diǎn)再組句成文。其間，可以使用andsuch as等過渡銜接詞，使得文章變得流暢?！纠}精講】例1.上海閔行區(qū)二模Write a short passage for at least 60 words according to the given situation 根據(jù)所給情景寫

46、一篇不少于60字的短文,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不格.Suppose you will give a speech at the school graduation ceremony. Please write something on what you want to say to both your teachers and schoolmates. 假設(shè)在畢業(yè)前夕,你的學(xué)校要為初三學(xué)生舉辦一個(gè)畢業(yè)典禮,你將作為學(xué)生代表進(jìn)展簡(jiǎn)短的發(fā)言,請(qǐng)一篇不少于60字的發(fā)言稿?！菊n堂練習(xí)】1.2019上海普陀一模WritingWrite a composition in at least 60 words accord

47、ing to the given situation. 根據(jù)所給情景，寫一篇不少于60詞的短文Suppose there is an English Festival in your school every year. Some students think it is helpful, but others dont think so. What do you think, and why? 假設(shè)你們學(xué)校每年開展英語文化節(jié)活動(dòng)，有些學(xué)生認(rèn)為活動(dòng)對(duì)自己有幫助，有些那么不這么認(rèn)為，你的觀點(diǎn)是什么？并說明理由注意：文中不得出現(xiàn)任何姓名、校名及其它相關(guān)信息，否那么不予評(píng)分。1.It is impo

48、rtant_English every day.A. of us to readB. for us to readC. for us readingD. we must read2.You are the only person_after the war.A. aliveB. livingC. liveD. lived3.Lets see how the young man will escape_the burning house.A. fromB. toC. inD. out4.Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks_in the pink

49、 dress.A. lovely B. quietlyC. politelyD. happily5.No matter how hard the work is,we will keep_until we make it.A. tryB. tryingC. to tryD. tried6.The_book made all of us very_.A. interested; interestingB. interested; interestedC. interesting; interestedD. interesting; interesting7.He worked hard in to oder to pass the examination.保持句意不變 He worked hard_ _ he could pass the examination.8.After years practice, the boy became a very famous_ .ar