語法復習3：名詞性從句（修訂）

1、高三英語復習講義-二輪專題高三英語專題復習要點回顧與精練專題04 名詞性從句一【語境檢測】用適當?shù)倪B接詞、連接代詞或鏈接副詞填空使得文章的語意通順完整。Lights Many Colors多彩的光1_white light is made up of different colors was proved through Newtons work.The English scientist, Isaac Newton (1643-1727), did a lot of experiments to study light. 2_interested him was the color of l

2、ight. 3_ light is “white” or “colorful” was still unknown to the people of his time. Few doubted the common knowledge 4_white light was “pure” light without colors. The question is 5_he did the experiment. It is quite simple. He allowed a beam of light to pass through a piece of triangular(三角形) glas

3、s and then fall on a white wall. 6_he saw on the wall was a band of colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Were the colors produced by the glass? NO. When Newton passed the light that had come out of the triangular glass through a second triangular glass, all he got was white l

4、ight.7_light is colorful was still a question. However, 8_ the colors came from was answered through the experiment. It is certain9_the colors of light are from the light itself, not form the glass or anything else. The experiment showed 10_ light had to be looked upon in a new way. Man need to lear

5、n more about light. 1.That 2.what 3.Whether 4. That 5.how6.What 7.Why 8.where 9.that 10.that二【知識導圖】三、名詞性從句常用關聯(lián)詞的選擇三、易混淆的引導詞的區(qū)別 類別說明what與that的區(qū)別（見考題1，2）what作復合關系代詞并表示“所的(東西)”之意,相當于“the +名詞+ that /which”或“all that”,可指代不確定的事物,在從句中作主語、賓語或表語;而that在名詞性從句中只起引導作用,不表達任何意思。whether與if的區(qū)別（見考題3）兩者都表示“是否”,都可引導賓語從

6、句,但下列情況只能用whether:引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時;位于句首時;后緊跟or not時;作某些及物動詞(如discuss、decide、argue等詞)的賓語時;與不定式連用時;作介詞的賓語時。因此,若if與whether同時出現(xiàn)在選項中,當表示“是否”之意時,一般情況下舍if選whether。wh-與wh-ever的區(qū)別（見考題4，5）wh-ever引導賓語從句時,含有“無論”之意,其引導賓語從句時無疑問意義,而wh-多有疑問之意。no matter + wh-與wh-ever的區(qū)別（見考題6，7）no matter + wh-只能引導狀語從句;而wh-ever既可引導狀

7、語從句,也可引導名詞性從句。主語從句與非限定性定語從句（見考題8）主語從句指從句在復合句中充當主語，是主句謂語動詞的動作發(fā)出者。在形式上，非限定性定語從句與主句之間用逗號隔開。它對其先行詞沒有限定、修飾的作用，只起補充說明的作用。同位語從句和定語從句前者是對前面的某一名詞進行解釋說明；后者一般是對某一名詞進行修飾限定。注意：that作為關系代詞，可以引導定語從句，充當句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略；that引導同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當句子成分，一般不能省略。例如： I had no idea that you were here 【解析】這句話的意思是：“我不知道你

8、在這里。”That引導同位語從句，不能省略。 Have you got the idea (that) this book reveals of life in ancient Greece? 【解析】這句話的意思是：“你獲得這本書所透露的關于在古希臘生活的信息了嗎？”That引導定語從句，指代the idea,作reveal的賓語，可以省略。四、名詞性從句需要關注的考點：易考點說明It作形式主語(見考題1)It作形式主語的常見結構：(1) It + be +形容詞（necessary/important/obvious）+ that從句。 (2) It + be + 過去分詞(believe

9、d/reported/ decided) + that從句。 (3) It + be +名詞+ that從句。例如:It is common knowledge that . (是常識);It is a surprise that . (令人驚奇的是);It is a fact that . (事實是)等。 (4) It +不及物動詞+ that從句。例如:It appears that . (似乎); It happens that . (碰巧);It occurred to me that . (我突然想起)等。 It作形式賓語(見考題2,3)It作形式賓語的常見結構:(1)賓語從句+賓語

10、補足語。常見的用it作形式賓語的謂語動詞有believe、find、make、guess、suppose等,具體形式為believe / find / make / guess / suppose it +賓語補足語(一般為形容詞)。 (2)某些及物動詞或短語不能直接加賓語從句,此時用it作形式賓語,然后再接賓語從句,此種用法常見于like、dislike、hate、appreciate等謂語動詞后。 that的省略 (見考題4,5)一般來講，在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的that不可省略。而在賓語從句中的that可以省略，但下列情況一般不省略：當一個句子有兩個或多個并列的賓語從句時，引

11、導第二個和以后幾個從句的that不可省略；由it作形式賓語時；當賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時；當賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或從句時；當主句的謂語動詞與賓語從句之間有插入語時；當that賓語從句中的狀語從句位于該從句的前部時。 從句與先行詞的分隔(見考題6)這種情況多見于同位語從句。為了保持句子平衡，從句與先行詞往往被介詞短語、副詞或謂語等分開。 從句語序(見考題7)1.名詞性從句永遠是陳述句的形式：S+V+疑問詞+S+V。2.此種句型稱為間接問句，常接于ask，tell，doubt, wonder等動詞后。五、【基礎訓練】（一）、判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句：1. Chi

12、na is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.

13、The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.（二）、用適當?shù)倪B詞填空：1. I cant decide _

14、 dictionary I should buy.2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.4. _ we need is more time.5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet.7.

15、Please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. Is that _ you are looking for?9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.（三）、選擇填空：1. Do you see _ I mean?A. that B./C. howD. what2. Tell me_ is on your mind.A. thatB. whatC. which D. why3. We mus

16、t stick to _ we have agreed on.A. whatB. thatC. /D. how4. Let me see _.A. that can I repair the radioB. whether -I can repair the radioC. I can repair the radioD. whether can I repair the radio5. Keep in mind _.A. that the teacher saidB. what did the teacher sayC. that did the teacher sayD. what the

17、 teacher said6. Could you advise me _?A. which book should I read firstB. what book should I read firstC. that book 1 should read firstD. which book I should read first7. He was criticized for _.A. he had done itB. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had done it8. Would you kindly tell m

18、e _?A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway StationB. how I can get to the Beijing Railway StationC. where can I get to the Beijing Railway StationD. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _.A. what had she seen in ChinaB. that she had seen in ChinaC

19、. what she had seen in ChinaD. which had she seen in China10. We took it for granted _A. that they were not comingB. that were they not comingC. they were coming notD. were they not coining11. I really don't know _A. I should do nextB. what should I do nextC. what I should do nextD. how I should

20、 do next12. I'm afraid _.A. the little girl will have to be operated onB. that will the little girl have to operate onC. the little girl will have to operate onD. that will the little girl have to be operated on13. She walked up to _ .A. where did I stand B. where I stood C. I stood there D. whe

21、re I stood there14. Can you tell me _?A. who is that gentlemanB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom .is that gentleman15. We'll give you _.A. that do you needB. what do you needC. whatever you needD. whether do you need16. They want us to know _ to help us.A. what can they B. w

22、hat they canC. how they can D. how can they17. We must put _ into practice.A. what we have learnedB. that we have learnedC. that have we learnedD. what have we learned18. Did she say anything about _?A. that the work was to be done B. how was the work to be doneC. that was the work to be done D. how

23、 the work was to be done19. He was never satisfied with _.A. what she had achievedB. had what she achievedC. she had achievedD. that she achieved20. These photographs will show you _.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village l

24、ooks like21. Peter insisted _ he pay the bill.A. on thatB. whatC. thatD. on which22. They urged _ the library open during the vacation. A. whenB. whereC. whyD. that23. We wish we could have learned _ when we were at high school.A. what you did B. that you had doneC. that what you did D. what did you

25、 do24.1 will describe to you _ I saw when there.A. whatB. thatC. which D./ 25. From _ I should say he is a good worker.A. what 1 know of himB. that I do know of himC. what do I know of himD. that do I know of him26. I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A. whomever B. anyone C. whoever D

26、. someone27._ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.A. What B. ThatC. WhenD. Where28. _ was said here must be kept secret.A. Who B. The thingC. Whatever D. Where29. It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet.A. ifB. thatC. whatD. when30. I'm going anyway. _ she will go is

27、up to her to decide.A. If or notB. Whether or not C. IfD. That31. It is strange _ she have left without saying a word.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how32. It is very clear _ our policy is a correct one.A. whatB. thatC. why D. where33. _ Mr Zhang said is quite right.A. That B. WhenC. WhatD. Whether34. It ha

28、s been decided _ he will be sent there.A. ifB. whether C. whyD. that35. It doesn' t matter _he' s come back or not.A. ifB. whetherC. thatD. when36. It's a great pity _ we wont be able to finish the task on time.A. when B. thatC. why D. where37. It happened _ I wasn't there that day.A

29、. when B. whyC. where D. that38._ you have done might do harm to other people.A. What B. ThatC. Which D. The things39. _ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.A. Anyone B. The personC. Whoever D. Who40._ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.A. Whether B. If

30、C. Whenever D. That 41. _ fails to see this will make a big mistake.A. That B. WhoeverC. Whether D. Whether or not42. _ we need more equipment is quite obvious.A. What B. WhetherC. ThatD. Whatever43. Has it been announced _?A. when are the planes to take offB. that are the planes to take offC. where

31、 are the planes to take offD. when the planes are to take off44. That is _ we all support his idea.A. whatB. whyC. whereD. when45. Thats _ we should do.A. thatB. whatC. howD. why46. _ is troubling me is _ I dont understand _ he saidA. What; that; whatB. What; what; whatC. That; that; whatD. Why; tha

32、t; which47. Things were not _ they seemed to be.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. what48. Thats _ I want to say.A. all whatB. whatC. all whichD. what that49. Thats _ .A. where our differences lieB. our differences lie thereC. where do our differences lieD. that where our differences lie50. That is _ .A. where

33、lived he thereB. where did he liveC. where he livedD. that where he lived51. The questions is _.A. whether is it worth doingB. that if it is worth doingC. whether it is worth doingD. if it is worth doing52. Water will continue to be _ it is today next in importance to oxygen.A. howB. whichC. whatD.

34、as53. That's_.A. how did I become a teacherB. how I became a teacherC. how a teacher I becameD. that I became a teacher54. They are just _.A. that what shall I haveB. what shall I haveC. that I shall have whatD. what I shall have55. It looked _.A. as if it was going to rainB. that as if it was g

35、oing to rainC. as if was it going to rainD. as if that it was going to rain56. That's_.A. how she did itB. that how did she do it.C. how did she do itD. what she did it57. That is _ we decided to put the discussion off.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. why58. Thats _ I lived when I was ten years old.A.

36、whereB. at whichC. there whereD. when59. My suggestion is _ we should send a few comrades to help them.A. if B. thatC. when thatD. that where60. The idea _ all people are selfish is wrong.A. whatB. thatC. why D. if61. We heard the news _ our team had won.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. why62. The fact _

37、he hadnt said anything surprised us all. A. whyB. ifC. thatD. whether63.I have no idea _ she will be back.A. thatB. whereC. that whenD. when64. We must keep in mind the fact _ China is still a developing country.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when65. They have no idea at all _.A. where he has goneB. wher

38、e did he goC. where has he goneD. which place he has gone五、【真題提能】-看看高考怎么考1.【2012遼寧卷】The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for_ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever2.【2012四川卷】Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.A. whe

39、n B. how C. that D. whether3.【2012江西卷】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthat4.【2012湖南】Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when5.【2012重慶卷】Evi

40、dence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problem is likely to continue when they grow up.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. that6.【2012浙江卷】I made a promise to myself _this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whether B. what C. that D. how7.【2012江蘇卷】The notic

41、e came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whether D. how8.【2012安徽卷】The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 9.【2012全國新課程】It

42、 is by no means clear_ the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. which C. that D. what10.【2012山東卷】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. howB. whether C. what D. why 11.【2012福建卷】We promise _attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A

43、. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever12.【2011北京卷】_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom13.【2011北京卷】The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. whatB. howC. thatD. why 14.【2011上海卷】There is clear evidence _ the most difficu

44、lt feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that15.【2011上海卷】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand. A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what16.【2011山東卷】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finis

45、hes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why17.【2011山東卷】Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what C. whether D. which18.【2011江西卷】The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which19.【2011江蘇卷】It was never clear _ the m

46、an hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why20.【2011安徽卷】His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is that he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what21.【2011四川卷】Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succe

47、ed. A. why B. how C. what D. which22.【2011遼寧卷】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast. A. what B. who C. how D. why23.【2011遼寧卷】When the news came_ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because 24.【2011天津卷】Modern science ha

48、s given clear evidence _smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where25.【2011陜西卷】Id like to start my own business-thats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what 26.【2011重慶卷】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hot

49、el or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where27.【2011重慶卷】It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that28.【2011湖南卷】Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why2

50、9.【2010福建】We should respect food and think about the people who dont have_ we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether30.【2010湖南】Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 31.【2010天津】As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which32.【2010北京】 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How33.【2010浙江】How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. A.