高中英語表語從句講解及練習_百度文庫

1、表語從句1、概述用作表語的從句叫作表語從句, 它位于主句中的連系動詞之后。 引導表語從句的詞有從屬連 詞 that 、 whether 、 as though(if;關系代詞 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等;關系副詞 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 可以接表語從句的連系動詞由 be, look, remain, seem 等。 That 引導表語從句時,在口語中, 間或可以省略。The trouble is th

2、at we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新 英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.當時 , 我似乎怎么也想不出 一個恰當?shù)淖盅蹃怼?、由從屬連詞 that , whether 引導的表語從句。that 在引導表語從句時無詞義,而 whether 有詞義,意

3、為、 “是否” 。這時主句的主語常常是 些抽象名詞, 如 question(問題 , trouble(麻煩 , problem(問題 , result(結果 , chance(可能性 , suggestion(建議 , idea(想法 , reason(理由 等。表語從句對主句主語進行說明、解釋,使主 語的內(nèi)容具體化。The trouble is (that she has lost his money. 麻煩的事是他丟了錢。The question is whether we need more ice cream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。The problem was that i

4、t was too valuable for everyday use.問題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。 What she couldn t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我們不能理解越來越少的學生對他的課不感興趣。3、由關系代詞引導的表語從句。關系代詞 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引導表 語從句,在句中作主語、賓語、表語,關系代詞不能省略。The questio

5、n is which of us should go.問題是我們哪一個應該去。The problem was who could do the work.問題是誰能做這項工作。That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在擔心的事。That's what we should do.那是我們應該做的。4、由關系副詞引導的表語從句。Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Tha

6、t s why I got wet through. 我們既沒傘也沒雨衣, 這是我們淋濕的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。 That is what he is worried about.那就是他所擔心的。5、由連詞 because , as if/as though等引導的表語從句。It looked as if it was going to snow.看起來好像要下雪了。That's because we never thought of it.這是因為我們從未

7、想過此事。It seems as if he didn t know the answer.好像他不知道答案?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有:1:be (being,been,am,is,are,was,were2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound,taste , smell3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run,fall5: prove, turn out系動詞的固定搭配 :come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go

8、 bad, come right, run wild連接詞:that / whether /as if /asthough (if不引導表語從句 連接代詞:who / whom / whose / which/ what連接副詞:when / where / why / how /because注:引導表語從句的連詞 that 間或可以省略。The truth is(that I didn't go there. 事實是我沒去那兒。考題 1The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “progr ammed” to m

9、ake us do so. (2007上海 A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案D解析下劃線處之后是包含一個原因狀語從句的表語從句, 如果看不出它是 充當整個句子結構的表語從句將難以把握整個句子的意思。因此, 應選擇可引導名 詞性從句且不充當任何成分的 that ?？碱} 2You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ _ I disagree. (2004A. why B. where C. what D. how答案B解析下劃線處的引導詞引導系動詞 is 后的表語從句并在該表語從句中充

10、當 地點狀語 (“disagree” 屬于不及物動詞, “I disagree” 本身是完整的主謂結構 , 下劃 線應填入引導詞 where , 表語從句 “where I disagree” 的意思是 “ 我不同意之處、 我 不同意的地方 ” ?？碱} 3 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? (1999A. why B. when C. what D. where答案A解析下劃線處的引導詞引導與系動詞 is 連用的表語從句并在該表語從句中 充當原因狀語, 下劃線應填入表示

11、 “ 因此 ”(指因某種原因所造成的結果 的引導詞 why ?？碱} 4_ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer stud ents showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海 A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案A解析第一個下劃線處的引導詞引導主語從句并在該主語從句中充當賓語, 特指她所不理解的事情, 應填入關系代詞型的引導詞 what ; 第二個下劃線處表示 “ 因 此 ”(指因某種原因所造成的后果, 由 why 引導對應的名

12、詞性從句 而不是 “ 為什 么 ”(指原因、 理由, 由 because 引導對應的名詞性從句 , 應填入引導詞 why 。 考題 5_ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of th e students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春 A. What; because B. What; thatC. That; what D. That; because答案B解析第一個下劃線處的引導詞引導主語從句并在該主語從句中充當主語, 特指令校方驕傲的事情, 應選用關系代詞型的引導詞 wha

13、t ; 第二個下劃線處引導 表語從句表示原因、 理由, 應由 that 引導對應的名詞性從句。考題 6 Are y ou still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. (2003北京春 A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案A解析A 選項的意思是 “ 令我感覺激動的事物 ” ; B 選項的意思是 “ 我覺得激動 的任何事物 ” ; C 選項的意思是 “ 我對它感

14、覺的方式 ” ; D 選項的意思是 “ 令我感覺激 動的時間 ” 。四個選項中 A 最適合跟代表 “game” 的主語 that 對應, 充當表語從句。 表語從句與賓語從句的關系不屬于的賓語從句和表語從句都屬于名詞性從句。其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同。故充 當賓語的句子叫賓語從句,充當表語的句子叫表語從句。賓語從句(1對于賓語從句要掌握以下三點語序 : 從句的語序必須是陳述句語序 , 即 “ 主語 + 謂語 ” 這種形式。時態(tài) : 當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時的時候 , 從句可以是任何時態(tài) , 而當 主句是一般過去時的時候 , 從句 , 從句時態(tài)必須是過去時范圍的時態(tài) , 即 (一般過去 時

15、 , 過去進行時 , 過去完成時 , 過去將來時 。連接詞 : 當從句意思完整 , 主句意思肯定時 , 連接詞用 that, 且可以省去 , 當 從句意思完整 , 主句意思不確定或含否定含意時 , 常用 if 或 whether(是否 , 當從句意 思不完整時 , 連接詞則是代替不完整部分的特殊疑問詞。表語從句在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句,位于主句系動詞的后面。表語從句的 引導詞和主語從句的引導詞相同。也是名詞性從句的一種。如:What the police want to know is when you enred red the room 警察 想知道的是你什么時候進的房間。Th

16、e The trouble is that we are short of funds 困難是我們?nèi)狈Y金。 This This is what we should do 這是我們應當做的。That”s s why I want you to work there 那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。 His His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet 他的第一個 問題是史密斯先生到了沒有。注意:從句中的疑問句用正常語序,即陳述語序。as as if, as though, becau 也可用來引導表語從句。She She see

17、ms as if she had done a great thing 她看起來好像做了一件 大事。It It is because you eat too much 那是因為你吃得太多了。1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2. The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coa

18、t. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4. The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B . if C. whether D. 不填6. The reason is_I missed the

19、 bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time.A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasnt come

20、 is _.A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being ill C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what的區(qū)別1. _your father

21、wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That; how you areC. How; that you are D. What; how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where

22、4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which