微信公眾平臺的Java的開發(fā)詳解(工程代碼+解析)15P

1、說明：本次的教程主要是對 微信公眾平臺開發(fā)者模式 的講解，網(wǎng)絡上很多類似文章，但 很多都讓初學微信開發(fā)的人一頭霧水， 所以總結(jié)自己的微信開發(fā)經(jīng)驗，將微信開 發(fā)的整個過程系統(tǒng)的列出，并對主要代碼進行講解分析，讓初學者盡快上手。在閱讀本文之前，應對微信公眾平臺的官方開發(fā)文檔有所了解，知道接收和發(fā)送的都是xml格式的數(shù)據(jù)。另外，在做內(nèi)容回復時用到了圖靈機器人的api接口， 這是一個自然語言解析的開放平臺，可以幫我們解決整個微信開發(fā)過程中最困難 的問題，此處不多講，下面會有其詳細的調(diào)用方式。1.1在登錄微信官方平臺之后，開啟開發(fā)者模式，此時需要我們填寫url和token，所謂url就是我們自己服務器的

2、接口，用WechatServlet.java 來實現(xiàn)， 相關解釋已經(jīng)在注釋中說明，代碼如下：java view plai ncopy1.2package demo.servlet;3.importjava.io.BufferedReader;4.importjava.io0 Exception;5.importjava.ionputStream;6.importjava.i onputStreamReader;7.8importjava.io.OutputStream;9.importjavax.servlet.ServletException;10.importjavax.servlet.h

3、ttp.HttpServlet;11.importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;12.importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;13.14.cess.WechatProcess;15./*16.*微信服務端收發(fā)消息接口3.54.* author pamchen

4、-1*/ public class WechatServlet extends HttpServlet * The doGet method of the servlet. * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals toget.* param request* the request send by the client to the server* param response* the response send by the server to the client* throws Servle

5、tException* if an error occurred* throws lOException* if an error occurred*/public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, lOException request.setCharacterEncoding(UTF-8);response.setCharacterEncoding(UTF-8);/* 讀取接收到的xml消息*/StringBuffer sb =new St

6、ringBuffer();InputStream is = request.getlnputStream();InputStreamReader isr =new lnputStreamReader(is,UTF-8);BufferedReader br =new BufferedReader(isr);String s =;while (s = br.readLine() !=null ) sb.append(s);String xml = sb.toString();/次即為接收到微信端發(fā)送過來的xml數(shù)據(jù)String result =;/*判斷是否是微信接入激活驗證，只有首次接入驗證時才

7、會收到echostr參數(shù)，此時需要把它直接返回*/55. String echostr = request.getParameter(echostr );56. if (echostr != null & echostr.length() 1) 57. result = echostr;3.else /正常的微信處理流程6.87.result =new WechatProcess().processWechatMag(xml);t

8、ry Outputstream os = response.getOutputStream(); os.write(result.getBytes(UTF-8);os.flush();os.close();catch (Exception e) e.printStackTrace();/* The doPost method of the servlet. * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to* post.* param requestthe request send by the clie

9、nt to the server* param responsethe response send by the server to the client* throws ServletExceptionif an error occurred* throws IOExceptionif an error occurred*/88.public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)89. throws ServletException, IOException 90. doGet(reques

10、t, response);91. 92.93. 1.2相應的web.xml配置信息如下，在生成 WechatServlet.java的同時，可自動生成web.xml中的配置。前面所提到的url處可以填寫例如：http;/ 服務器地址/項目名/wechat.dohtml view pla in copy1.2.vweb-app version=2.53.xmlns =4.xmlns:xsi =/2001/XMLSchema-instance5.xsi:schemaLocation=6.7.8.This is the description of my J2EE c

11、omponent9.This is the display name of my J2EE componentv/display-name10.WechatServlet 11.demo.servlet.WechatServlet5.WechatServlet 16./wechat.do 17.18.19.index.jsp 通過以上代碼，我們已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了微信公眾平臺開發(fā)的框架，即開通開發(fā)者模式并成功接入、接收消息和發(fā)送消息這三個步驟。下面就講解其核心部分解析接收到的 xml數(shù)據(jù)，并以文本類消息為例，通 過圖靈機器人api接口實現(xiàn)智能回復。2.1首先看一下整

12、體流程處理代碼，包括：xml數(shù)據(jù)處理、調(diào)用圖靈api、封裝 返回的xml數(shù)據(jù)。java view plai ncopy1. package cess;.6.4. /*5. *微信xml消息處理流程邏輯類6. * author pamchen-17. *12.13.8. */ public class WechatProcess 14.*解析處理15.16.* param xml* returnxml、獲取智能回復結(jié)果（通過圖靈機器人api接口）接收到的微信數(shù)據(jù)最終的解析結(jié)果（xml格式數(shù)據(jù)）17.*/18.19.public String processWecha

13、tMag(String xml)/* 解析xml數(shù)據(jù)*/20.ReceiveXmlEntity xmlEntity =new ReceiveXmlProcess().getMsgEntity(xm/*l)；21.22./*以文本消息為例，調(diào)用圖靈機器人api接口，獲取回復內(nèi)容*/23.String result =III!24.25.if (textresult =.endsWith(xmlEntity.getMsgType()new TulingApiProcess().getTulingResult(xmlEntity.getCon2.tent();似

14、的內(nèi)容消息* */*此時,如果用戶輸入的是你好”，在經(jīng)過上面的過程之后，result為你也好”類因為最終回復給微信的也是 xml格式的數(shù)據(jù)，所有需要將其封裝為文本類型返回new FormatXmlProcess().formatXmlAnswer(xmlEntity.getFromUse rName(), xmlEntity.getToUserName(), result);result =33.return result;34. 35. 2.2解析接收到的xml數(shù)據(jù)，此處有兩個類，ReceiveXmlEntity.java和ReceiveXmlProcess.java ，通過反射的機制動態(tài)調(diào)

15、用實體類中的 set方法，可 以避免很多重復的判斷，提高代碼效率，代碼如下：java view plai ncopy1. package demo.entity;2./*3. *接收到的微信xml實體類4. * author pamchen-15. *6. */7. public class ReceiveXmlEntity 8.privateString ToUserName=9.privateString FromUserName=10.privateString CreateTime=11.privateString MsgType=12.privateString Msgld=;13.

16、privateString Event=;14.privateString EventKey=15.privateString Ticket=;16.privateString Latitude=17.privateString Longitude=18.privateString Precision=19.privateString PicUrl=;20.privateString Mediald=21.privateString Title=;22.privateString Description=23.privateString Url=;24.privateString Locati

17、on_X=25.privateString Location_Y=26.privateString Scale=;27.privateString Label=;28.privateString Content=29.privateString Format=;30.privateString Recognition=31.32.publicString getRecognition() 6.67

18、.4.75.76.return Recognition;public void setRecognition(String recognition) Recognition = recognition;public String getFormat() return Format;public void setFormat(String format) Format = format;public String getContent() return Content;public void setContent(String content) Conten

19、t = content;public String getLocation_X() return Location_X;public void setLocation_X(String locationX) Location_X = locationX;public String getLocation_Y() return Location_Y;public void setLocation_Y(String locationY) Location_Y = locationY;public String getScale() return Scale;public void setScale

20、(String scale) Scale = scale;public String getLabel() return Label;public void setLabel(String label) Label = label;public String getTitle() return Title;000

21、19.120.public void setTitle(String title) Title = title;public String getDescription() return Description;public void setDescription(String description) Description = description;public String getUrl() return Url;public void setUrl(String url) Url = url;public String getPicUrl() return PicUrl;public

22、 void setPicUrl(String picUrl) PicUrl = picUrl;public String getMediaId() return MediaId;public void setMediald(String mediaId) MediaId = mediaId;public String getEventKey() return EventKey;public void setEventKey(String eventKey) EventKey = eventKey;public String getTicket() return Ticket;public vo

23、id setTicket(String ticket) Ticket = ticket;public String getLatitude() return Latitude;public void setLatitude(String latitude) Latitude = latitude;57.158

24、.62.163.164.public String getLongitude() return Longitude;public void setLongitude(String longitude) Longitude = longitude;public String getPrecision() return Precision;public void setPrecision(String precision) Precision = precision;public String getEvent() return Event;public void set

25、Event(String event) Event = event;public String getMsgId() return MsgId;public void setMsgld(String msgId) MsgId = msgId;public String getToUserName() return ToUserName;public void setToUserName(String toUserName) ToUserName = toUserName;public String getFromUserName() return FromUserName;public voi

26、d setFromUserName(String fromUserName) FromUserName = fromUserName;public String getCreateTime() return CreateTime;public void setCreateTime(String createTime) CreateTime = createTime;public String getMsgType() 165.return MsgType;166.167.public void setMsgType(String msgType) 168.MsgType = msgType;1

27、69.170.java view plai ncopy1. package cess;..8.9. /*10. *解析接收到的微信xml，返回消息對象11. * author pamchen-112. *13. */14. public class ReceiveXmlProcess 15. /*16. * 解析微信xml消息17. * param strXml18. * return19. */4.public ReceiveXmlEntity getMsgEntity(St

28、ring strXml) ReceiveXmlEntity msg =null ;try if (strXml.length() =0 | strXml = null )return null ;/將字符串轉(zhuǎn)化為XML文檔對象Document document = DocumentHelper.parseText(strXml);/獲得文檔的根節(jié)點Element root = document.getRootElement();/遍歷根節(jié)點下所有子節(jié)點lterator iter = root.elementlterator();35./遍歷所有結(jié)點36.msg =new ReceiveXmlE

29、ntity();37./利用反射機制，調(diào)用set方法38./獲取該實體的元類型39.Class c = Class.forName(demo.entity.ReceiveXmlEntity);40.msg = (ReceiveXmlEntity)c.newlnstance();/創(chuàng)建這個實體的對象41.42.while (iter.hasNext()43.Element ele = (Element)iter.next();44./獲取set方法中的參數(shù)字段（實體類的屬性）45.Field field = c.getDeclaredField(ele.getName();46./ 獲取 set

30、 方法，field.getType()獲取它的參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型47.Method method = c.getDeclaredMethod(set +ele.getName(), field.getType();48./調(diào)用set方法49.method.invoke(msg, ele.getText();50.51.catch (Exception e) 52./ TODO: handle exception53.System.out.println(xml 格式異常+ strXml);54.e.printStackTrace();55.56.return msg;調(diào)用圖靈機器人

31、api接口，獲取智能回復內(nèi)容：java view plai ncopy1. package cess;2.2. import java.ioO Exception;. import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;6. import org.apache.;7. import org.apache.;8. import org.apache.;9. import org.apache.;10.14.15./*16.*調(diào)用圖靈機器人api接口，獲取智能回復內(nèi)容17.* author pamchen-118.*19.*/20.public c

32、lass TulingApiProcess 21./*22.*調(diào)用圖靈機器人api接口，獲取智能回復內(nèi)容，解析獲取自己所需結(jié)果23.* param content24.* return25.*/26.public String getTulingResult(String content)27./*此處為圖靈api接口，參數(shù)key需要自己去注冊申請，先以11111111代替*/28.String apiUrl = &info=;29.String param =;30.try 31.param = apiUrl+URLEncoder.encode(content,utf-8);32.catch

33、 (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) 33./ TODO Auto-generated catch block34.e1.printStackTrace();35./將參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)為url編碼36.37./* 發(fā)送httpget 請求*/38.HttpGet request =new HttpGet(param);39.String result =;40.try 41.HttpResponse response = HttpClients.createDefault().execute(request);42.if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()=200)43.result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity();44.45.catch (ClientProtocolException e) 46.e.printStackTrace();47.catch (lOException e) 48.e.prin