2015年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題(2+答案)

1、2015年 12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題(第2套)Part IWriting ( 30 minutes )Directions: For this part ， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission. ”You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should writ

2、e at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part IIListening Comprehension ( 30 minutes )Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) From the wanted column.8) From some of her friends.10. A) She received full-time education abroad.8) She graduated from an open unive

3、rsity.11. A) She is a shorthand-typist.B) She works as a tour guide.C) From a telephone directory.D) From a television commercial.C) She finished her secondary school.D) She studied in a vocational college.C) She is a policewoman.D) She teaches an evening class.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the co

4、nversation you have just heard.C) It has been off and on for ten years.D) It was interrupted for four years.C) Home-made beer.D) Social games.C) The owner's attitude.D) The right location.C) It helps old people kill time.D) It makes retirees feel useful.12. A) It provides him with career opportu

5、nities.8) It helps enlarge his customer network.13. A) Individualized service.8) Traditional setting.14. A) The quality of beer.8) The atmosphere.15. A) It is a rather tough job 8) It is a profitable business.Section BDirections: In this section ， you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each p

6、assage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ) ， B)， C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage

7、 OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) It is becoming increasingly popular.C) It gives rise to serious social instability.8) It helps the user to escape reality.D) It hurts a person and those around them.17. A) They use drugs just for fun.C) They use drugs as medi

8、cine.8) They take drugs to get high.D) They keep drug use a secret.18. A) It is quite common in entertainment circles.B) It is the cause of various social problems.C) It is hard to get rid of.D) It is fatal to the user.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)

9、 Taking up exercises after recovery.8) Producing tasty healthy frozen food.20. A) It was carefully tested with consumers.8) It was promoted by health organizations. public.21. A) Competitive price.8) Low expectations.22. A) It was suggested by the firm's vice-president.C) Finding new ways to cur

10、e heart disease.D) Going on a diet upon leaving the hospital.C) It was disapproved by many diet experts.D) It was highly expected by the generalC) Vigorous promotion.D) Unique ingredients.B) It matches the food's dark green packaging.C) It has a positive implication for consumers.D) It tricks th

11、e elders into impulse purchasing.Passage TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) It is practiced in most of the states.C) It has drawn a lot of criticism from overseas.8) It will be abolished sooner or later.D) It has to be approved by the Supreme Court.24. A) Wheth

12、er the practice should be allowed to continue in future.B) Whether there should be a minimum age limit for executionC) What type of criminals should receive it.D) What effect it might have on youngsters.25. A) The court sentenced him to life in prison for killing two friends.B) The governor changed

13、his death sentence to life in prison.C) He was the first minor to be executed in South Carolina.D) He was sentenced to death for a crime he committed as a minor.Part IIIIReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to

14、select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line

15、through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. Late November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country , p

16、art of a year when, for the first time in two 37, record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U. S. was the exception: November was the warmest ever 38, and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the sno

17、w now, because 39are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottestyear since records have been kept. That's because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an El Nino year.El Nino, Spanish for "the child" , 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormal

18、ly warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet's surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. El Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain i

19、n parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dryweather. Marine life may be affected too: El Ninos can 44_the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich(營養(yǎng)豐富的) water thatsupports large fish 45., and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral (珊瑚).I)logically J)occurs K) populat

20、ions L) realize M) reduce N) saw O) specificA)additionalB) associated C)boreD) chances E)communicated F)decades G)experiencesH) globallySection BDirections; In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the pa

21、ragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to Eat WellA) Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food,

22、 the stuff that is correctly called junk (垃圾)and should really carry warning labels?B) It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by. Supermarkets offer more variety than ever, and there are over four times as many farmers' markets in the U. S. as there were 20 years ago. Nor is it

23、for lack of available information. There are plenty of recipes (食譜)，how-to videos andcooking classes available to anyone who has a computer, smartphone or television. if anything, the information is overwhelming.C) And yet we aren't cooking. If you eat three meals a day and behave like most Amer

24、icans ， you probably get at least a third of your daily calories ( 卡路里) outside the home. Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost 25% of our daily calories from snacks. So we're eating out or taking in, and we don't sit down-or we do ， but we hurry.D) Shouldn

25、9;t preparing-and consuming-food be a source of comfort, pride ， health ， well-being ， relaxation, sociability? Something that connects us to other humans? Why would we want to outsource (外包)this basic task, especially when outsourcing it is so harmful?E) When I talk about cooking, I'm not talki

26、ng about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects. I'm talking about simple ， easy, everyday meals. My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or money to feed themselves. That means we need modest, realistic expectations ， and we need to teach people to

27、 cook food that's good enough to share with family and friends.F) Perhaps a return to real cooking needn't be far off. A recent Harris poll revealed that 79% of Americans say they enjoy cooking and 30% "love it" ； 14% admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just 7% won't go near

28、 the stove at all. But this doesn't necessarily translate to real cooking, and the result of this survey shouldn't surprise anyone: 52% of those 65 or older cook at home five or more times per week; only a third of young people do.G) Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where M

29、om cooked virtually every night. The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was pretty much universal. Most people couldn't afford to do otherwise.H) Although frozen dinners were invented in the '40s， their popularity didn't boom until televisionbecame popular a decade or so la

30、ter. Since then, packaged, pre-prepared meals have been what's for dinner. The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts (催化劑)， butthe big food companies-which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking-made the home cook an endangered species.I) Still，

31、 I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals at home regularly.Isn't this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and champions craft cooking? And isn't this the generation who say they're concerned about their health and the well-being of the plan

32、et? If these are truly the values of many young people ， then their behavior doesn't match their beliefs.J) There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food companies to reduce calories in their processed foods ， but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of

33、the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating. Considering that the government's standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by not cooking at home ， we're not eating the right things ， and the consequences are hard tooverstat

34、e.K) To help quantify (量化)the costs of a poor diet, I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a most famous food, the burger (漢堡包)I concluded that the profit from burgers is more thanoffset (抵消)by the damage they cause in health problems and environmental harm.L) Cooking real food is the

35、best defense-not to mention that any meal you're likely to eat at home contains about 200 fewer calories than one you would eat in a restaurant.M) To those Americans for whom money is a concern, my advice is simple ： Buy what you can afford, and cook it yourself. The common prescription is to pr

36、imarily shop the grocery store, since that's where fresh produce ， meat and seafood, and dairy are. And to save money and still eat well you don't need local, organic ingredients ； all you need is real food. I'm not saying local food isn't better; it is. But there is plenty of decent

37、 food in the grocery stores.N) The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the canned goods. Frozen produce is still produce; canned tomatoes are still tomatoes. Just make sure you're getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar. Ask yourself, would Grandma consid

38、er this food? Does it look like something that might occur in nature? It's pretty much common sense; you want to buy food, not unidentifiable foodlike objects.O) You don't have to hit the grocery store daily, nor do you need an abundance of skill. Since fewer than half of Americans say they

39、cook at an intermediate level and only 2096 describe their cooking skills as advanced, the crisis is one of confidence. And the only remedy for that is practice. There's nothing mysterious about cooking the evening meal. You just have to do a little thinking ahead and redefine what qualifies as

40、dinner. Like any skill ， cooking gets easier as you do it more ； every time you cook, you advance your level of skills. Someday you won't even need recipes. My advice is that you not pay attention to the number of steps and ingredients ， because they can be deceiving.P) Time， I realize， is the b

41、iggest obstacle to cooking for most people. You must adjust your priorities to find time to cook. For instance， you can move a TV to the kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you're standing at the sink. No one is asking you to give up activities you like ， but if you're watching food

42、shows on TV ， try cooking instead.46. Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another.47. Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.48. Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.49. Cooking skills can be improved w

43、ith practice.50. In the mid-20th century ， most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.51. Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family.52. Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.53. To eat well and still save m

44、oney, people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.54. We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.55. The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unf

45、inished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ) ， B)， C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter 。 ” Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The wallet is headin

46、g for extinction. As a day-to-day essential ， it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping-where you hand over notes and count out change in return-now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters, like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk fro

47、m a corner shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true ， the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores-Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance-you don't go and stand at any kind of cash r

48、egister when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service ， if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I'm just old-fashioned. Bu

49、t earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us. Isn't it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼)of an eye? Doesn't a wallet-that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing,promising fatness-represent something that matters?But I'll leave the economics

50、to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet-the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age ， the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten ph

51、one numbers and printed cinema tickets-is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as a pebble (鵝卵石) Instead of digging through piecesof paper and peering into comers, we move our finger

52、s left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.56. What is happening to the wallet?A) It is disappearing.C) It is becoming costly.B) It is being fattened.D) It is changing in style.57. How are business transactions done in big mo

53、dern stores?A) Individually.C) In the abstract.B) Electronically.D) Via a cash register.58. What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?A) Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B) The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C) Earning money is getting more difficult.D)spending money is

54、so fast and easy.59. Why does the author choose to write about what's happening to the wallet?A) It represents a change in the modern world.B) It has something to do with everybody's life.C) It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D) It is the concern of contemporary economists.60. Wha

55、t can we infer from the passage about the author?A) He is resistant to social changes.B) He is against technological progress.C) He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D) He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following pass

56、age.Everybody sleeps， but what people stay up late to catch-or wake up early in order not to miss-varies by culture.From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep ， on average， are sporting events ， time changes, and holidays.Around the world, people changed sleep patt

57、erns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to "winter time" starting on October 26.Russia's other late nights and early mornings genera

58、lly correspond to public holidays. On New Year's Eve， Russians have the world's latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m.Russians also get up an hour later on International Women's Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly， Americans' late nights

59、 ， late mornings ， and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends.Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey (冰球) final.The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation (剝奪) The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which