專業(yè)型碩士研究生英語課文講義unit 5

1、1Text 1 Lincoln in History.Unit 5 Biography biography bairfi n. 傳記 graph r:f n. 圖表, 曲線圖 biology baildi n. 生物學 (詞根bio-和生命有關；詞根-ology表示學問，如：physiology ,fizildi n.生理學; sociology ,susildi n.社會學；archeology :kildi n. 考古學)2Prepare Yourself humilityhumility endeavorendeavor sinceritysincerity patriotismpatr

2、iotism faithfaith divinedivine reconcilereconcile self-observationself-observation 謙遜謙遜 努力努力 真誠真誠 愛國主義愛國主義 信念信念 神圣的神圣的 調和調和 自我審視自我審視3 善意善意 成就成就 抱負抱負 原則原則 奉獻奉獻 高尚高尚 忠誠忠誠 平等平等 good intentionsgood intentions achievementachievement ambitionambition principleprinciple delicatedelicate noblenoble loyaltyl

3、oyalty equalityequality4Paragaraph 1 The annals of the past contain few accounts of truly good men. Historians are more used to analyzing a mixture of ingredients, good and bad intentions, success and failure, high endeavors threatened by flaws in execution, and to balance out the sums ending with a

4、 careful plus or minus.5 contain kntein 包含，包括；含有；容納 This book contains helpful information. 這本書里載有有用的資料。 container kntein n. 1. 容器; 2. 集裝箱, 貨柜6 account kaunt n. a) 報道，記述 keep an account of 記錄 take something into account/take account of將考慮進去 account for 解釋，說明；構成 b) 賬；賬目 The barman was doing his accou

5、nts. 酒吧男招待在記賬。7 ingredient inri:djnt n. a) any of substances that are combined to make a particular dish（菜肴的）配料，原料 b) a component part or element of something成分，因素8 endeavor indev v. 努力，盡力He is endeavoring to help the Third World. 他正努力幫助第三世界。 n. a) 嘗試；企圖 make every endeavor盡一切努力 b) 事業(yè)，活動 a political

6、 endeavor政治事業(yè)9 execution ,eksikju:n a) 實施；實行；執(zhí)行 b) 死刑的執(zhí)行 the place of execution行刑地點 execution by hanging絞刑 there were mass arrests and executions. 進行了大量拘捕并有許多人被處決。 execute eksikju:t vt. 1. 處決；2. 執(zhí)行, 實現(xiàn); 使生效10Paragraph 2 Lincoln is rare in providing much for history to ponder and reflect on but littl

7、e to dispute with except in the shortcomings in the execution of his policies. He is the rarer for his absolute success through four years of bitter politics and bloody warfare. He sought power, without pretending otherwise, and exercised it to the full. But he is singular, perhaps unique in history

8、, in that he was never corrupted by power. 11Paragraph 2 His ambition was tied not to personal gain but to a pair of succeeding and complementary principles; to restore a nation dedicated to the proposition that “all men are created equal” and to ensure that a union so recovered was purged of the gr

9、eat contradiction which had lain at the heart of its constitution.12 rare r 稀罕的；稀奇的 Its rare to meet someone whos content with his life. 對生活感到滿足的人很少見。 a rare bird珍禽 rare metals稀有金屬 rarity rriti n. 1. 稀有, 罕見; 2. 稀罕的東西; 珍品13 dispute dispju:t v. & n. 爭論；辯論 The point has been much disputed. 這一點已經(jīng)被反復

10、討論了 the frontier disputes邊界之爭 dispute with sb. over/on/about sth. 和某人爭論某事 in /under dispute在爭論中; 尚未解決 settle a dispute with sb. 同某人解決爭端14 bitter bit adj. 1 有苦味的 2 嚴寒的, 刺骨的 3 辛酸的, 引起痛苦的; 難以接受的 4 充滿仇恨的 5. 激烈的，尖酸刻薄的15 exercise ekssaiz v. 發(fā)揮（能力）；行使（權利）；運用（方法） exercise a power行使權力 What others think exerc

11、ises great influence on most of us. 別人的想法對我們多數(shù)人產生很大的影響。16 corrupt krpt v. 腐蝕；行賄 corrupt a policeman with money賄賂警察 adj. 腐敗的；墮落的 a corrupt official貪官污吏 corrupt practices舞弊行為17 succeed sksi:d vt. 接任，繼承，接替 He would succeed Hawke as Prime Minister. 他將接替霍克成為首相。 He had no son to succeed him. 他沒有兒子繼承他。 表示“

12、繼承”的名詞、形容詞形式為 succession, successive 表示“成功”的名詞、形容詞形式為 success, successful18 complementary ,kmplimentri adj.互補的 A is complementary to B. complement kmplimnt v. add to or make complete補充，增強 Two discussions from different points of view may complement each other. 不同觀點的兩種討論可以彼此互相參證。19 proposition ,prpzi

13、n a) 陳述，主張；命題 the proposition that high taxation is undesirable關于高稅率不合適的主張 b)（尤指商務活動）提議，建議，提案 I made a proposition that we should cancel the meeting.20 propose prpuz a) 提出，提議，建議 He proposed to attend the meeting. 他提議去參加會議。 b) 向某人求婚 I have already proposed to Sarah. 我已經(jīng)向薩拉求婚21 contradiction ,kntrdikn

14、 n. 矛盾；對立；抵觸 Thats a flat contradiction of what you said before. 這可和你以前說的恰恰相反。 in contradiction to/with與.相反，同.矛盾22 constitution ,knstitju:n n. 1 憲法, 法規(guī), 章程2 體格, 體質, 心理素質3 構成方式, 構造 4 制定, 設立, 組成, 任命 a) constitute knstitju:t vt. 構成, 組成 Twelve months constitute a year. 十二個月構成一年。 b) establish by law以合法形式

15、建立 constitute new traffic regulations制定新交通規(guī)則23Paragraph 3 His loyalty to government by consent required that he could only achieve his aims if his fellow citizens agreed with him and could be held to their purpose through the darkest hours. In that art of persuasion, he was a consummate politician,

16、subtly and ruthlessly working the levers of parties and politicians to achieve a balance between the fractions and factions of competing groups and ideas, whose particular interests threatened to destroy the precarious patriotism which sustained the army. He listened, avoided argument, kept his coun

17、sel, and then he made his decisions from which he could not diverge.24 consent knsent n. 同意，贊成，準許 Silence means consent. 緘默就是默許。 vi. 贊成，準許，許可 consent to (do) sth. 同意做某事 They consented to come with us. 他們答應和我們一起來。 by common consent經(jīng)一致同意；公認 by mutual consent 雙方同意25 sustain sstein a) （在體力，精神方面）支持，支撐 Th

18、is thought had sustained him throughout the years. 這個念頭支撐他過了這么多年。 b) 忍受；經(jīng)受 sustain losses 蒙受損失 c) 保持；使持續(xù)不斷 food sufficient to sustain life sustainable adj. 可持續(xù)的26 counsel kaunsl v. a) give advice to (someone) 勸告；建議 b) 給（某人）專業(yè)的心理指導（或咨詢） n. 意見，忠告，建議; 辯護律師，法律顧問 vocational counsel就業(yè)指導 legal counsel法律顧問

19、take counsel with sb. 征求某人意見 易混詞 council kaunsl n. 1. 委員會, 理事會；2. (郡、鎮(zhèn)等)政務會, 地方議會27Paragraph 4 His skills in reconciling oppositions and commanding their respect grew from his apprenticeship in the little rural communities where he had learned to make his way though the full diversity of the world,

20、and from his long reflective self- observation in times of depression, which gave him the same sympathetic insight into the character of others that he had into himself. As the war continued and the casualty figures grew, the found a convinced agnostic faith that there was some divine purpose in the

21、 affairs of men, though he could not define or confine the deity within any Christian confession. A man must observe the ebb and flow of events and act on what he can discern in the tides. He had no faith that man could deflect God from his course.28 reconcile reknsail 使和解，使和好；把爭取過來 She wanted to be

22、 reconciled with her father. 她想跟父親言歸于好。 使接受；使順從于，使安心于，使甘心于 He was reconciled to leaving. 他甘心離去。29 confine knfain vt. a) restrict限制 He is confined to the house by illness. 他因病而閉門不出。 b) 關押，禁閉 be confined to(局)限于， (被)限制 confine oneself to只涉及， 只限于 within the confines of在.(范圍)之內 confinement knfainmnt n.

23、(被)限制,(被)禁閉,產期,分娩30 discern dis:n 察覺；識別（某物）； We discerned a change in the weather. 我們看出天氣有變化。 discern right and wrong discern the road in the dark在黑暗中認路 I can discern no difference between the two policies. 我看不出這兩種政策有什么區(qū)別。31Paragraph 5 evolve ivlv v. 演變, 進化 evolve from從.進化而來 evolve into發(fā)展/進化成 evolut

24、ion ,i:vlu:n n. 演變; 進化; 發(fā)展 revolve rivlv v. 1 (使)旋轉2 細想 revolution ,revlu:n 1 革命2 徹底改變, 重大變革3 旋轉; 運行, 公轉32Vocabulary Study (A) 1. confined1. confined 2. depression2. depression 3. corrupting3. corrupting 4. mixture4. mixture 5. to the full5. to the full 6. endeavor6. endeavor 7. evolved7. evolved 8.

25、 at risk8. at risk 9. insight into9. insight into 10. account10. account33Vocabulary Study (B) 1. exercise1. exercise 2. practice2. practice 3. threatened3. threatened 4. threat4. threat 5. war5. war 6. warfare6. warfare 7. restore7. restore 8. recover8. recover 9. reflect9. reflect 10. deflect10. d

26、eflect34Vocabulary Study (C) 1. in1. in 2. of2. of 3. in 3. in 4. of4. of 5. so5. so 6. into6. into 7. up7. up 8. in8. in 9. from9. from 10. to10. to35Translation (English - Chinese) Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, ca

27、n long endure. We have met on a great ballet-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives so that the nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 目前我們正在進行一場偉大的國內戰(zhàn)爭，我們的國家或任何一個有著同樣理想與目標的國家能否長久存在，這場戰(zhàn)爭就是一次考驗。我們在這場戰(zhàn)爭的一個偉大的戰(zhàn)場上相聚。我們來到這里，將這戰(zhàn)場的一小塊土地奉獻給那些為國家生存而英勇捐軀的人們，作為他們最后的安息之地。我們這樣做是完全恰當?shù)?，完全應該的?6 But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate-we can not co