倒裝句的用法

1、倒裝句的用法倒裝句分為全部倒裝 (將整個(gè)謂語置于主語之前) 和部分倒裝(把 謂語的一部分，如be, have,助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等置于主語之前)。 現(xiàn)將倒裝句的重點(diǎn)、 難點(diǎn)作一歸納， 以利同學(xué)們真正掌握這一語法項(xiàng) 目,了解其相關(guān)的高考動(dòng)態(tài)。一、使用全部倒裝的情況1. 在 there be/lie/sta nd/live/seem/appear/exist/come/go/see 句型中。如：<-IWMS_AD_BEGIN-><-IWMS_AD_END->There will be a sports meet in our school next week. 下周我們學(xué)校

2、要舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。There goes the ambula nee救護(hù)車來了。2. 表示地點(diǎn)、方向、時(shí)間的副詞( here, out, in,up, down, back off, away, now, the n等)位于句首時(shí)。謂語動(dòng)詞多為表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的不及物動(dòng) 詞(go, come, leave, move, run, rush, ny, jump等)。女口：Here is a telegram for you這兒有你一圭寸電報(bào)。Dow n jumped the man from the horse 那E 人從馬上跳下來。在上述情況中,主語是代詞時(shí),則不用倒裝。如：There he comes

3、他來了！Here you are 給你。In he came and the meet ing bega 他進(jìn)來，會(huì)議就開始了。3. 表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首時(shí)。如：Between the two buildings stands a tall pine. 兩座樓之間有棵大松Alo ng the dusty road came a great many tourist沿著塵土飛揚(yáng)的道路來了許多游客。4. 為了保持句子平衡、銜接得當(dāng)或強(qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語，而把分詞短 語或形容詞置于句首時(shí)。如：Sitti ng at the back of the room was a shy girl with t

4、wo big eyes 一個(gè) 長著兩只大眼睛的靦腆女孩坐在屋子的后面。Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday黑板上寫著昨天遲到者的名單。The Most popular are young sin gers最 受歡迎的是青年歌手。5. 直接引語的部分或全部位于句首時(shí)，點(diǎn)明說話人的部分主謂語 要倒裝。如："Are you listening to English on the radio?" said Mother.但，引述動(dòng)詞后有間接賓語或狀語時(shí)，不倒裝。如："

5、;Light travels faster than sou nd," David said to her. “ 光比聲傳播得 快，”大衛(wèi)對她說。"How dare you say so?" Mr Smith said angrily. “你怎么敢這么 說？”史密斯氣憤地說。6. 在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如：Long live our great country!偉大的祖國萬歲！ 二、使用部分倒裝的情況1.only 修飾的狀語（副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句）位于句首時(shí)。如：Only after three operations was he able to walk

6、without sticks. 做過 三次手術(shù)之后，他才能不用拐杖行走。Only with more practice can you pass the driv ing test只有多練習(xí)你 才能通過駕駛考試。但 only 修飾主語時(shí)，則不倒裝。如：Only that girl knew how to work out the problem. 只有那位女生知 道怎樣解那道題。2含有否定意義的畐U詞 (n ever, seldom, little, few, not, no where等) 位于句首時(shí)。如：Seldom in all my life have l met such a bra

7、ve man.我一生很少見過 這么勇敢的人。Never did she care about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.雖然她處于極大的危險(xiǎn)之中，但她根本不顧自己的安 全。3. not until 位于句首時(shí)。如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19世紀(jì)初，人們才知道熱是何物。在復(fù)合句中，只有主句用倒裝， until 引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。如：Not until he loses his health

8、 will he give up drinking. 他直到失去健 康才會(huì)戒酒。4. 在 no sooner.than., hardly/ scarccly /barelywhen.結(jié)構(gòu)中，前 面部分位于句首時(shí)，其后的分句要部分倒裝(謂語用過去完成時(shí)) 。 如：Hardly had the baby see n the dog whe n she cried.那女嬰一看至 U狗 就哭了起來。NO sooner had the interpreter returned home than he was told to go to ano ther cou ntry那位翻譯剛踏進(jìn)國門就又受命要去他

9、國。5. not only.(but also).位于句首引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，前一個(gè)分句中 的主謂要采用部分倒裝，第二個(gè)分句則不倒裝。如：Not only does he teach in school, but he writes novels. 他不但在學(xué) 校教書，而且還寫小說。Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke flue ntly 她不但 說得正確，而且說得流利。6. so/neither/nor 開頭的句子，說明前面的內(nèi)容也適用于后者時(shí)， 用倒裝句“ so/neither/no葉be/have助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”。如

10、：She has bee n to Dalia n and so have 她去過大連，我也去過。Joh n can't speak Japa nese, nor can Heie約翰不會(huì)講日語，海倫也 不會(huì)。但同意對方的看法，表示“是的、確實(shí)”之意時(shí)，用“ so+主語 + be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”句式，即主謂不倒裝。目前考查這種 句式的省份較多。如：Maggie had a wonderful time at the pany., and so did I.C. So she did D. So did she( 05 安徽)7. as/thoush引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，可將

11、謂語部分的形容詞/名詞 動(dòng)詞等提到句首， 采用部分倒裝。如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞， 其前不加冠詞。如：Brave as they were, the dan ger made them afrai盡 管他們很勇敢， 但這樣的危險(xiǎn)仍使他們感到畏懼。8. 在 so/such.that.結(jié). 構(gòu)中， so/such 及其修飾部分位于句首時(shí)， 主句要用部分倒裝。如：So beautiful was the girl that she won the championship in the beauty co ntest那女孩那么漂亮，她在選美比賽中獲得冠軍。Such an instructive speech did he make that all the listeners were moved他發(fā)表的演說那么有教育意義，以至于所有的聽眾都很感動(dòng)。9在含有were/had/should虛擬條件句中，省去if，把這三個(gè)詞放 在句首時(shí)。如：Were she here now(=If she were here now), she would take good care of her pare nts如果