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1、將ospf與rip相互引入。由于華為的ospf內(nèi)部路由優(yōu)先級(jí)為10，外部引入路由優(yōu)先級(jí)為150 。RIP的優(yōu)先級(jí)為100。所以RIP的路由優(yōu)先級(jí)比ospf的外部引入的小，故RIP路由優(yōu)先于ospf外部路由。剛構(gòu)建的拓?fù)?，并不存在環(huán)路和次優(yōu)路徑，當(dāng)ar2上的接口出現(xiàn)down的現(xiàn)象后，才會(huì)出現(xiàn)次優(yōu)路徑或者環(huán)路現(xiàn)象disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 18 Routes : 18 Destination/Mask Proto Pre

2、 Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.1.12.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Gigabi

3、tEthernet0/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 33.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 44.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.

4、0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.35.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.45.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.45.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 G

5、igabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0ar3disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 18 Routes : 18 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHo

6、p Interface 10.1.12.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 22.

7、1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 33.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 44.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

8、172.16.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.35.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0

9、/1 192.168.45.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0當(dāng)ar3與ar2的鄰居狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)震蕩后 ar3收到172.16.0.0/24和172.16.2.0/24的路由會(huì)由于ospf的震蕩導(dǎo)致鄰居關(guān)系重新建立，LSA重新交互。同時(shí)由于RIP并沒(méi)有斷開(kāi)，同時(shí)因?yàn)閞ip的路由優(yōu)先級(jí)比ospf的外部路由要低，所以ar3的172.16.0.0/24和172.16.2.0/24兩個(gè)路由浮現(xiàn)的協(xié)議為RIP。導(dǎo)致次優(yōu)路徑的產(chǎn)生。Ar4因?yàn)?/p>

10、沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生震蕩所以路由表沒(méi)有 改變。Ar4和ar2之間鏈路狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)變化同樣道理。disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 22 Routes : 22 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.1.12.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1

11、.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 33.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 4

12、4.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 55.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.0.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.35.5 G

13、igabitEthernet0/0/1 172.16.2.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.35.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168

14、.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 22 Routes : 22 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.1.12.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthe

15、rnet0/0/0 10.1.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 33.1.1

16、.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 44.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 55.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

17、172.16.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.35.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.45.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0

18、/1 192.168.45.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 27 Routes : 31 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags Ne

19、xtHop Interface 10.0.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.0.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.0.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.1.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.12.2/3

20、2 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.24.0/24 Direct 0

21、0 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.1.24.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.1.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 33.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 44.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet

22、2/0/0 55.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.0.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 Gigab

23、itEthernet0/0/0 172.16.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.2.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.3.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.4.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.35.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 Giga

24、bitEthernet2/0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0追蹤路徑：ar4tracert 172.16.0.1 traceroute to 172.16.0.1(172.16.0.1), max hops: 30 ,p

25、acket length: 40,press CTRL_C to break 1 10.1.24.2 20 ms 20 ms 10 ms 2 10.1.12.1 30 ms 30 ms 20 mstracert 172.16.0.1 traceroute to 172.16.0.1(172.16.0.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break 1 192.168.35.5 40 ms 10 ms 10 ms 2 * 192.168.45.4 40 ms 40 ms 3 10.1.24.2 20 ms 20 ms 20 ms

26、 4 10.1.12.1 20 ms 30 ms 30 ms環(huán)路現(xiàn)象，ar1和ar2之間的鏈路斷鏈后。ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 21 Routes : 25 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.0.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEtherne

27、t2/0/0 10.0.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.0.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.1.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.23.255/32 Direc

28、t 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.24.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.1.24.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 10.1.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 33.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEt

29、hernet0/0/1 44.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 55.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0

30、.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 172.16.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet2/0/

31、0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0ar3-ospf-1disp ip routing-tableRoute Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 21 Routes : 21 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.0.0.0/24 O_ASE

32、 150 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.0.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.0.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.1.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127

33、.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 33.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 44.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 55.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127

34、.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.0.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 172.16.2.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.16

35、8.35.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R

36、 - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 21 Routes : 21 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.0.0.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitE

37、thernet0/0/1 10.1.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.24.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.1.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 22.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 33.

38、1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 44.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 55.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.0.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.24.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.35.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.45.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.45.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.45.4/32 Direct 0

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