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1、反意疑問句用法完全歸納一、基本用法與結(jié)構(gòu)I反意疑問句由“陳述句+簡略疑問句”兩部分組成,第一部分提岀一種看法,第二部分用來質(zhì)疑或表示證 實。陳述部分與疑問部分的動詞時態(tài)和動詞性質(zhì)應(yīng)保持一致,而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反,即陳述部分 為肯定式時,疑問部分用否定式,陳述部分為否定式時,疑問部分用肯定式:He likes English, doesn ' t he? 他喜歡英語,是嗎?He doesn' t like English, does he?他不喜歡英語,是嗎?|【注】1.若陳述部分含有 seldom, hardly, never, few, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞

2、,其疑問部分要用肯式:He has few friends here, has he?他在這兒幾乎沒什么朋友,是嗎?She said nothing, did she?她什么也沒說,是不是?2. 若陳述部分含有帶否定前綴的詞,疑問部分仍用否定式:It is unfair, isn ' t it?這不公平,不是嗎 ?It is impossible, isn ' t it?那是不可能的,是嗎?二、反意疑問句的主語問題1. 基本原則:疑問部分的主語應(yīng)與陳述部分主語一致,且只能是代詞:誤:Mary is a nurse, isn' t Mary?正:Mary is a nur

3、se, isn' t she? 瑪麗是護士,對嗎?2. 當(dāng)陳述部分為為there be句型時,疑問部分仍用there作“主語”:There was nothing in the room, was there?房間里什么也沒有,是嗎?3. 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞時,疑問部分用it, they等代詞:That is a new car, isn ' t it? 這是一輛新汽車,是嗎 ?4. 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是復(fù)合不定代詞時,若陳述部分的主語為somebody, someone,every one, everybody, no one, n obody等復(fù)合不定代詞,其反意疑問

4、句的主語在正式文體中用he,在口語或非正式文體中通常用they :Nobody was late, were they?沒有一個人遲到,是嗎 ?當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是somethi ng, an ythi ng, nothi ng, everythi ng等復(fù)合不定代詞時,其反意疑問句的主語要用it :Everything is ready, isn ' t it? 一切都準備好了嗎?|Nothing is important, is it?沒有什么重要的,不是嗎 ?三、陳述部分有動詞 have的反意疑問句1. 當(dāng)have為助動詞時,其反意疑問句沿用同樣的助動詞:He has alread

5、y left, hasn ' t he? 他已經(jīng)離開了,是嗎?2. 當(dāng)have為實意動詞時,要分兩種情況: 若表示“所有”,反意疑問句可以用have,也可以用do:He has a lot of fri ends here, hasn ' t doesn ' t he? 他在這兒有許多朋友,是嗎?|但是若陳述部分用的是have的否定式,反意疑問句用 have還是用do,取決于陳述部分的動詞形式:He hasn' t any money, has he?他沒有錢,是嗎?He doesn' t have any money, does he? 他沒有錢,是嗎

6、 ? 若表示“吃”、“玩”等意思,反意疑問句要用do:He has supper at 5, doesn ' t he? 他 5 點吃晚餐,是嗎?He had a good time at the party, didn ' t he? 他在晚會上玩得很開心,是嗎?3. 當(dāng)用于have to時,通常也有兩種可能:若表示經(jīng)常性的行為,則多用加助動詞do的形式;若表示特定的行為,則多用 have: |He often has to get up early, doesn ' t he? 他經(jīng)常要早起,是嗎 ?He has to go to bed late tonight,

7、 hasn' t he? 他今晚要遲睡,是嗎?四、含情態(tài)動詞的反意疑問句1. 基本原則:在通常情況下,當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞時,疑問部分會重復(fù)前面同樣的情態(tài)動詞:He can speak English, can ' t he ?他會說英語,是嗎?We shouldn' t go, should we? 我們不應(yīng)該去,對不對?2. 當(dāng)陳述部分含有 must時,要分兩種情況: 若must表示"必須”或"有必要”,疑問部分用mustn' t或needn' t :You must leave at once, mustn ' t n

8、eedn ' t you? 你必須 (有必要)馬上離開,是嗎 ?但是若陳述部分有 mustn ' t表示禁止,疑問部分要 must:You mustn' t laugh, must you?你不準笑,知道嗎 ? 若must表示推測,疑問部分不能用must,而應(yīng)根據(jù) must后的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)采用相應(yīng)的動詞形式:He must be tired, isn ' t he? 他一定累了,是嗎?五、陳述部分為祈使句的反意疑問句1. 基本原則:若陳述部分為 祈使句,疑問部分通常用will you :Please help us, will you?請幫幫我們,好嗎?Come w

9、ith us, will you?同我們一起去,好嗎?Dori t forget to post the letter, will you?請別忘了寄信。2. 當(dāng)祈使句為Let' s時,疑問部分總是用shall we :Let' s go there together, shall we?我們一起去,好嗎 ?Let' s sit under the tree, shall we?咱們就坐這樹下吧,好不好?|3. 當(dāng)祈使句為Let us時,若表示請求,疑問部分用 will you ,若表示建議,疑問部分用 shall we :Let us know your addres

10、s, will you?請把你的地址告訴我們,好嗎?Let us go swim ming together, shall we?我們一起去游泳好嗎 ?六、陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問句1. 當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時,疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句保持一致:He said that he didn ' t like it, didn' t he? 他說他不喜歡它,是不是?He knows where I live, doesn' t he? 他知道我住什么地方,是不是?|2. 當(dāng)陳述部分為I think (believe, suppose) that.等時,疑問部分通常與從句保

11、持一致(注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移):I think that it is too short, isn' t it?我認為它太短了,對不對 (它太短嗎)?I don ' t think he will come, will he?我認為他不會來,對嗎(他會來嗎)?【注】這類用法主要限于主語為第一人稱且think等動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時的情形。七、反意疑問句其他幾種用法1.當(dāng)陳述部分是l'm時,疑問部分通常用aren' t II ' m wrong, aren ' t I? 我錯了,是嗎 ?I ' m older than you, aren '

12、t I? 我年紀比你大,對不對?2. 當(dāng)陳述部分是I wish時,疑問部分通常用may II wish to go with them, may I?我想同他們一起去,可以嗎?3. 當(dāng)陳述部分有had better時,疑問部分用 had:He' d better leave here, hadn' t he? 他最好離開這兒,是嗎?should n't / ought n't4. 含有ought to的反意疑問句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問部分用+主語。|He ought to know what to do, ought n't he? / should

13、n't he?5. 陳述部分的謂語是 used to 時,疑問部分用did n't + 主語或used n't + 主語。He used to take pictures there, did n't he? / used n't he?6. 陳述部分有 would rather +v.,疑問部分多用 would n't +主語。He would rather read it ten times tha n recite it, would n't he?7. 陳述部分有 You'd like to +v.疑問部分用 would

14、n't + 主語。You'd like to go with me, would n't you?8 .感嘆句中,疑問部分用 be +主語。What colours, aren't they?What a smell, is n't it?9. 陳述部分由neithernor, either or連接的并列主語時,疑問部分根據(jù)其實際 邏輯意義而定。|Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?10. 并列復(fù)合句疑問部分,謂語動詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for se

15、veral times, he should have been in China now,should n't he?11帶情態(tài)動詞dare或need的反意疑問句,疑問部分常用need (dare ) + 主語。We n eed not do it aga in, n eed we ?He dare not say so, dare you?當(dāng)dare, need 為實義動詞時,疑問部分用助動詞 do +主語。She does n't dare to go home alone, does she?12. 當(dāng)陳述部分以one不定代詞做主語時,附加問句的主語在正式常場用one,

16、非正式場合用he。E.g. One should learn from others, shouldnou? t one / yOne can ' t be one ' s own master, can one?One can not be too careful, can one?13. 當(dāng)陳述部分是 I ' m sure tha;, we are sure; I ' m afraid tha; We are sure that ; I feel sure that等后面跟賓語從句時,反意疑問句與后面的賓語從句一致。14. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each時,反意疑

17、問句的主語用 he。E.g. Each has his strong points, hasn' t he? / doesn' t he?15.當(dāng)陳述句的主語為 each of us, each of you, each of them時,反意疑問句的主語用 we.you, they。E.g.Each of us has been here, haven' t we?Each of them has an En glish dicti on ary, have n' t they?16. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each of結(jié)構(gòu)時,反意疑問句的主語用he ,she,

18、it強調(diào)個體,用we, you, they強調(diào)全體。E.g. Each of these novels is to be discussed this term, isn' t it?Each of us have got the prize, haven' t we?17. 陳述句主語為such時,反意疑問句的主語單數(shù)用it,復(fù)數(shù)用they。E.g. Such is his trick, isn' t it?Such are your excuses, aren' t they?18. 在"none of 結(jié)構(gòu)中,如of后的名詞或代詞是單數(shù),后面的主

19、語也為單數(shù),這種情 況,主要由于of后的名詞或代詞為不可數(shù)名詞.E.g. None of it is here, is it?19. 當(dāng)陳述句部分是 there used to be 結(jié)構(gòu)時,反意疑問句用 wasn' t (weren' t)°thereE.g. There used to be three pine trees in the yard, weren' t there?There used to be shop at the corner of the street, wasn' t there?快速記憶表陳述部分的謂語疑問部分Iare

20、n't IWishmay +主語no,nothing,no body ,n ever,few, seldom, hardly,肯定含義rarely, little等否定含義的詞ought to(肯定的)should n't/ ought n't +主語have to+v.(had to+v.)don't + 主語(didn't +主語)used todid n't +主語或 used n't +主語had better + v.had n't youwould rather + v.would n't + 主語you

21、9;d like to + v.would n't +主語must根據(jù)實際情況而定感嘆句中be +主語Neither nor,either or連接的根據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定并列主語指示代詞或不定代詞everythi ng,that,主語用itnothin g,this并列復(fù)合句謂語根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定定語從句,賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句根據(jù)主句的謂語而定thin k,believe,expect,suppose,imagi ne 等引導(dǎo)與賓語從句相對應(yīng)的從句everybody,a nyone,somebody ,n obody ,no one 情態(tài)動詞 dare或need復(fù)數(shù)they, 單

22、數(shù)hen eed (dare ) + 主語dare, need為實義動詞省去主語的祈使句Let's 開頭的祈使句do +主語 will you ? Shall we?Let us 開頭的祈使句Will you?there be相應(yīng)的謂語動詞+there(省略主語代詞)否定前綴不能視為否定詞仍用否定形式|must表"推測”根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句習(xí)題:一、構(gòu)成形式: 附加疑問句”1. She is a singer,A. doesn ' t sheB. hasn ' t sheC. isn ' t she2. (改為反意疑問句) Melissa

23、got a birthday prese nt.Melissa got a birthday prese nt,?答案:1. C 2. didn ' t she二、反意疑問句的答語:回答若為肯定句則前為“Yes”,若為否定句則前用。如果前邊的陳述句為否定句,其回答應(yīng)“實事求是”Cats are as big as tigers,(20XX年江蘇南通)B. No they aren 't D. No, they are“肯定的陳述部分+否定的附加疑問句“或”否定的陳述部分+肯定的? ( 20XX年重慶)(20XX年四川)No1.aren ' t they ?2.A. Ye

24、s, they areC. Yes, they arenYou will go swimmi ng this Saturday. I have to work this Saturday.,won' t you ?(20XX年四川?。〤. No, I won ' tA. Yes , I willB. Yes, I won ' t答案:B C |三、陳述句中如有否定詞 hardly , never , few , little , no , nobody , n owhere, n othi ng 等時,附加疑問句要用肯定形式1.(變反意疑問句).There is lit

25、tle milk in the bottle.(20XX年廣西桂林)There is little milk in the bottle,?2. (改為反意疑問句)The old man can hardly dress himself.(20XX 年黑龍江哈爾濱)The old man can hardly dress himself,?3. (改為反意疑問句)Jim ' s never come to school late,?(20XX年湖南常德)| 4.(改為反意疑問句)Miss King hardly spoke a word the whole time.(20XX年廣東廣州)Miss ki ng hardly spoke a word the whole time,?答案:1. is there 2. can he 3. has he 4. did she四、陳述句中如有 have時,須注意have若是實義動詞,附加疑問句可用have形式,也可用do形式;當(dāng)陳述句中的have是助動詞時,附加疑問句要用do的適當(dāng)形式1. (改為反意疑問句)Bruce ' s just come back from England.(20XX年甘肅)|Bruce ' s jus

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