2021年成人高考專升本英語考試真題及參考答案

1、2021年成人高考專升本英語真題及參考答案第1卷(選擇題，共125分)I.Ph on etics ( 5 poin ts)Directions:Ineach of the following groups of words, there are four underlinedletters or letter comb in ati ons marked A, B, C and D. Compare the un derl ined parts and ide n-tify the one that is differe nt from the others in pronun ciati o

2、n. Mark youran swerby blacke ning the corresp onding letter on the An swer Sheet.1. A. pen altyB. mome ntC. quarrelD. absent2. A. sympathyB. materialC. courageD. an alysis3. A. starvati onB. suggesti onC. satisfacti onD. situati on4. A. donkey_B. turkeyC. moneyD. obey_5. A. reviseB. con sistC. adver

3、tiseD. visitn . Vocabulary and Structure ( 15 points )Directions : There are 15 in complete sentences in this sect ion. For each sentencethere are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacke n the corresp onding letter on the An swer Sheet.6. Jon

4、atha n and Joe left the house to go for_ after supper.A. walkB. the walkC. wallksD. a walk7. He poin ted at the new car and asked, "is it? Have you ever see n it before?"A. WhyB. WhereC. WhoD. Whose8. My father asked _ to help with his work.A. I and TomB. Tom and meC. me and TomD. Tom and

5、I9. Nowadays little knowledge _ to be a dangerous thing.A. seemB. seemedC. does seemD. do seem10. If their marketing team succeeds, they _ their profits by 20 percent.A. will increaseB. would be increasingC. will have increasedD. would have been increasing11. You'd better take these documents wi

6、th you _ you need them for the meeting.A. unlessB. in caseC. untilD. so that12. I haven' t been to a pop festival before and Mike hasn' tA. tooB. as wellC. neitherD. either13. _ is known to the world, Mark Twain was a great American writer.A. AsB. OnceC. ThatD. It14. John complained to the b

7、ookseller that there were several pages in thedictionary.A. lackingB. losingC. missingD. dropping15. Not un til the game had begu n _ at the sports ground.A. should he have arrivedC. did he arriveB. would he have arrivedD. had he arrived16. Moviegoers know that many special effects are created by co

8、mputers, they often don' tk now is that these scenes still require a lot of work.A. ThatB. WhomC. WhatD. How17. The preside nt is to give a formal _ at the ope ning ceremony.A. speechB. debateC. discussi onD. argume nt18. When I am confron ted with such questi ons, my mind goes _, and I can hard

9、ly remember myow n date of birth.A. faintB. bla nkC. darkD. bli nd19. If they are willi ng to lend us the money we n eed,all our problems will beA. solvedB. causedD. metC. covered20. This article _ more atte ntio n to the problem of cultural con flicts.A. cares forB. allows forC. applies forD. calls

10、 for川.Cloze ( 30 points)Directions:For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,BO Cand D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blacke nin gthe corresp onding letter on the An swer Sheet.What en ables some people to get big creative breakthroughs w

11、hile others on lyget small and non-creative breakdow ns, blami ng themselves and society? Are somepeople "gifted"? Are there other factors21work-factors that we have morecon trol over tha n we thi nk?While n obody can deny the22 that some people seem to be blessed withparticular creativity

12、, research shows that anyone can 23 their cha ncesofcoming up with new and origi nal ideas24 they would only en gage themselvesmore in the process of25 . It' s the old Thomas Edis on thing about "discovery26 99 perce nt perspirati on 汗水a(chǎn)nd 1 perce nt in spirati on."27 , the studies pro

13、ve this:great creative breakthroughs usually happen only28 intense periods of struggle. It is susta ined effort towards a specific goal29even tually prepares for great creative in sights.This kind of susta ined effort does not always30 immediate results, a factthat not only separates the innovators

14、革新者from non-innovators,but _31leads some people to con clude that it is just not32 for them. "Maybe I shouldhave gone to medical school like my mother wan ted," they won der whe n the breakthrough is 33 to be found. Alas, one forgets duri ng in evitable encoun ters 34 self-doubt,that the b

15、ig surprise is never35 . Indeed,it canhappen at anytime and place.21. A. toB. inC. atD.by22. A. issue23. A. miss24. A. because25. A. creation26. A. being27. A. Sooner or laterB. Some day or otherC. Every now and thenD. Time and again28. A. beyond through29. A. that30. A. create31. A. too32. A. good3

16、3. A. anywherenowhere34. A. against35. A. far awayB. problemB. reduceB. ifB. practiceB. beC. reasonC. increaseC. whileC. productionC. wasD. factD.loseD. whetherD. achievementD. wereB. afterB. whoB. produceB. onceB. difficultB. everywhereB. acrossB. used upC. aboveC. whatC. inspireC. againC. possible

17、D.C. somewhereC. withC. cleared offD.D. asencourageD. alsoD. stupidD.D. intoD. near byIV. Reading Comprehension ( 60 points)Directions:There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, Cand D.Choo

18、se the best an swer and blacke n the corresp onding letter on the An swerSheet.Passage OneDebate is a valuable way to practise com muni cat ing. It can also bring Ion g-last ing rewards,especially for people working with Wester n bus in esses. The main activity of debate is presenting one' s opi

19、nion and suppmting it with evide nce,such as statistics or facts. It is a way of persuasive com muni cati on.Charles Lebeau helped create the "Discover Debate" method. He says debate is importa nt to un dersta ndinghow peoplecom muni catein Wester nbus in ess.Successful debaters lear n how

20、 to give their opin km,reasa ns and support. "What we are trying to do is to develop a kind of thinking or approach to discussi on and how to in teract 交流with some one else' s opinion, rather tha n brush their opinion aside."Debate skills are also importa nt in selli ng a product, he s

21、ays. In that situati on, the judges are the customem. "So on Mon day, for example, one compa ny may come in and prese nt their case to the customer and they" ll make as strong a ease as they can. On Tuesday, the n ext day, ano ther compa ny will come in and prese nt their ease to the custo

22、mer. Usually the party that can prese nt the stron gest case winsDebate also strengthens critical thinking. In other words, it helps students learnto ask questi onsand try to un dersta nd some one' s reas ons and evide nce.li ft-.Lebeau points out that successful debaters lear n to liste n caref

23、ully to what otherpeople are say ing. Then, they look for the weak poi nts in some one else' s opi nion orargument. He says debate teaches a systematic way of questioning.Mr.inSuccessful debaters also learn to think from someone else' s point of view.Lebeau says debate can help broaden the m

24、ind. "There' s an expressionEnglish : don' t criticize another person before you have walked in their shoes. I think the wonderful thing about debate is, it puts us in another person' s shoes.II36. According to Paragraph 1 ,what is the purpose of debate?A. To bring long-lasting mate

25、rial rewards.B. To present evidence such as statistics and facts.C. To respond to questions in a systematic way.D. To persuade people to accept your opinions.37. Why is debate important.9A. It helps people understand others better.B. It allows people to present their opinions.C. It develops one'

26、 s thinking and communicative competence.D. It gives one the opportunity to brush others' opinion aside.38. What does the underlined word "case" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Container.B. Evidence.C. Problem.D. Product.39. What can debaters benefit from "walking in another person'

27、; s shoes" .9A. Becoming more broad-minded.B. Developing critical thinking.C. Finding others' weak points.D. Trying out others' methods.Passage TwoWe all love a hero, and rescue dogs are some of the biggest heroes of all. You will often find them going above and beyond duty to save some

28、one, risking-and at times losing-their lives in the process.Rescue dogs are generally found in the Sporting and Hunting Groups, or fromthe traditional Herding Group. These types include theBloodhound,LabradorRetriever,Newfoundland, GermanShepherd, GoldenRetriever, andBelgianMalinois-allof which are

29、chosenfor search-and-rescueduty becauseof theiramazing physical strength, loyalty, and their tendency for mental stability.These types also have a keen sense of hearing and smell-to better locate lostindividuals and are often able to access hard-to-reach areas. As highly trained animals, they serve

30、in many different fields, including specialist search, snow slide rescue, dead body location, and tracking.To overcome obstacles and succeed when performing the demanding duties ofa search-and-rescue worker, a dog must display certain qualities. In addition to intelligence and strength, the dog must

31、 be swift, confident, easily trainable, adaptable, and have a high level of stamina 耐力 and endurance.A strong sense of group cooperation and an ability to engage in friendly play during "down" time is also required of search-and-rescue dogs.A rescue dog goes through many, many hours of int

32、ensive training to be fitfor duty. Training is not for the faint-hearted. Certification training can take from two to three years, working three to four hours a day, three to six days a week, oftenin group,team-oriented sessions.Each search-and-rescue field requires different types of training. Resc

33、uetraining, for instance, includes "air scenting"-where dogs are trained to smell theair for the victim' s scent 氣味 and then follow the scent to the person. This abilityis crucial to finding victims trapped under collapsed buildings and snow slide.40. Rescue dogs are chosen probably be

34、cause_A. they are loyalB. they are braveC. they have amazing appearancesD. they have good eyesight41. What does "faint-hearted" in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Courageous.B. Cowardly.C. Energetic.D. Slow.42. Which ability is most important for dogs to rescue people trapped in snow?A. Sharp hearing.

35、B. Swift movement.C. Extraordinary smelling.43. What is the passage mainly about?A. Selection process of rescue dogs.B. Qualities and training of rescue dogs.C. Risks rescue dogs are faced with.D. A strong memory.D. Types of tasks rescue dogs can perform.Passage ThreeEating an apple a day doesn'

36、 t keep the doctor away, but it does reduce theamount of trips you make to the drug store per year. That ' s according to a newstudy that investigates whether there' s any truth in the old saying.A team of researchers led by Dr Matthew Davis, of the University of MichiganSchool of Nursing,as

37、ked 8,399 participants to answer survey questions about dietand health. A total of 753 were apple eaters, consuming at least 149g of raw apple per day. The remaining 7,646 were classed as non-apple eaters. When both groups answered questions on trips to the doctor and trips to the drug store per yea

38、r,the apple eaters were found to be 27% less likely to visit the druggist for drugs.Trips to the doctor were not significantly affected by apple consumption, though. "Evidence does not support that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. However, the small number of US adults who eat an apple a d

39、ay does appear to use fewer prescription medications," the study concludes.Apple eaters were also found to be less likely to smoke and be more likely tohave a higher educational attainment than non-apple eaters. While apples do notcompete with oranges, they docontain some immune 免疫的 system-incr

40、easing vitamin C, which may be why apple-eaters visit the druggist less. With over 8mg of vitamin C per medium-sized fruit, an apple can provide roughly 14% your daily recommended intake.Previous studies have also linked apple consumption to a lower risk of Type 2 diabetes 二型糖尿病 ,improved lung funct

41、ion and a lower risk of colon 結(jié)腸 cancer.44. How many non-apple eaters answered survey questions in the research?A. 149.B. 7,646.C. 753.D. 8,399.45. What is the conclusion of the study?A. Apple consumption has greatly reduced US adults' trips to the doctor.B. An apple a day does keep the doctor a

42、way.C. Apples are far more nutritious than oranges.D. A small number of US adult apple eaters tend to take less medicine.46. What can we learn from the passage?A. Apples are better than oranges.B. Apples do have some vitamin C to increase the immune system.C. Apples can help cure certain diseases.D.

43、 Apples can provide people with sufficient daily intake of energy.47. What can be described as the writing style of this passage?A. Objective.B. Creative.C subjectiveD persuasivePassage FourSometimes I scratch my head when I read about the government' s efforts to improve schools:new standards a

44、nd tests to be applied, strict teacher evaluations, and threats of school closures and job losses. They frighten the school employees,not to mention the students. Instead of making people unable to solve problems or try new ideas-which is what fear does to us-research on school reform stronglysugges

45、ts that policy-makers should encourage school leaders to take a more humane approach. In their study on the reform efforts of twelve Chicago public schools, Bryk and Schneider found that enabling positive social relationships between the adults was the key to successful school improvement and that t

46、rust was at the heart of those relationships.Trust in schools comes down to one thing:psychological safety or safety tospeak one's mind,to discuss with openness and honesty what is and isn' t working,to make collective decisions.Yet this kind of safety doesn' t come easily to schools. Ac

47、cording to Bryk andSchneider, the adults in school rely on each other to do their jobs correctly and with integrity 正直 . The challeage is that our expectations are very diverse based on our unique backgrounds.At one school where I taught, each teacher had different expectations abouthow much effort

48、teachers should put into their work-a big difference between theteachers who left afthe last bell and those who worked into the evening. And when expectations are uncoasci or unspoken, it becomes impossible for others to live up to them.We also make assumptions about the intentions behind a person&#

49、39; s behavior.As we all Imam,assumptions are often wrong. For example, parents and teachersmy think the principal taml particular decision based on his career advancementrather than hat" s best for the studeata. don't feel psychologically safe to question our assumptions and eaecmtiatm, tr

50、ust itiea am the window and our relationships suffer.48. According to Paragraph 1,why does the author scratch his head?A. Because he doesn' t know what to do once schools are closed.B. Because he is not sure about the practicability of those new tests.C. Because he is concerned that many teacher

51、s will lose their jobs.D. Because he is not in favor of the government' s reform efforts.successful49. According to Bryk and Schneider, what was most important for school improvemt?A. New standards and tests in schools.B. Positive social relationships.C. Strict teacher and student evaluations.D.

52、 Assistance of the government.50. What is meant by trust in school?A. Freedom to express one' s views,B. Extra effort teachers put into their work.C. Independence of the teachers in schools.D. Unconscious and unspoken expectations.51. What does the author say about the assumptions made about the

53、 intentions behind a person's behavior?A. They should be trusted.B. They are ofte n bold.C. They are ofte n in correct.D. They should be en couraged.Passage FiveAn in teresti ng project called Blue Zones is record ing the lifestyle secrets of thecom mun ities with the highest, hest concen trati

54、ons of centen aria ns in the world.The people in the five regi ons in Europe, Lat in America,Asia and the US thatlive to be 100 have a lot going for them. Genes probably play a small role, but thesefolks also have strong social ties ,tightly-knit families and lots of opportunities to exercise.As we

55、were examining the dietary secrets of the Blue Zones, as described inauthor Dan Buettner" s latest book, The Blue Zones Solution, we were struck by how essential tea drinking is in these regions. In fact, Buettner' s Blue Zones Beverage Rule-a kind of guideli ne summarized from his 15 or so

56、 years of study ing these places-is:" Drink coffee for breakfast, tea in the after noon, wine at 5 p. tm"Science has ple nty to say about the healthful virtues of gree n tea. Researchersare most enthusi- astic almt the components in green tea, as well as foods like cocoa. Why might they he

57、lp so many Okinavans in Japan break 1007 Some componentsin green tea can lower the risk of stroke,heart disease attd severalcancers. One review study also found that drinking green tea can slightly improve metabolism 新陳代謝.If you find yourself on the island of Ikaria, the Greek Blue Zone in the middl

58、eof the Aegean, you won't be offered any tea made with tea leaves. Instead, Ikarianstypically make their daily cup of tea with just one fresh herb that they have picked themselves thatday-eitherrosemary, wild sage,oregano,nmrjotmn,mintdandelion,all plants that may have anti-inflammatory 消炎的 properties, which may help lower blood pressure. This