一般過去時與一般現(xiàn)在時的區(qū)分

1、一、一般過去時與一般現(xiàn)在時定義及結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)分1） 概念一般過去時：過去發(fā)生的動作或是狀態(tài)a. 表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；b. 過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；c. 過去主語所具備的能力和性格。 一般現(xiàn)在時：現(xiàn)在通常性、規(guī)律性、習(xí)慣性的動作或是狀態(tài)a. 表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，是一般情況不是具體的某一件事；b. 長期存在的一種狀態(tài)；c. 永恒的事實或真理，諺語等。2) 基本構(gòu)成 并不能A謂語動詞是實義動詞時的結(jié)構(gòu)：一般過去時：肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其他否定句：主語+did+not+動詞+其他疑問句：Did+主語+動詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞+其他否定疑問句：Did

2、+主語+not+動詞+其他一般現(xiàn)在時：肯定句：主語+動詞或（動詞+s）+其他否定句：主語+do/does+not+動詞+其他疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語+動詞+其他否定疑問句：Do/Does+主語+not+動詞+其他注：變化最大的在于:do/doesdid (過去式的動詞變化)B. 謂語動詞是助動詞時：a Be 動詞一般過去時：肯定句：主語+was (were) +表語否定句：主語+was (were) +not+表語疑問句：Was (Were) +主語+表語特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+表語否定疑問句：Was (

3、Were) +主語+not+表語一般現(xiàn)在時：肯定句：主語+be動詞+表語否定句：主語+be動詞 +not+表語疑問句：Be動詞 +主語+表語特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be動詞+主語+表語否定疑問句：Be動詞 +主語+not+表語注意：am(I)、is（he/she/it）was Are(we/you/they)were 第三人稱時，動詞要進(jìn)行變化。b. have/has一般過去時：肯定句：主語+had+表語否定句：主語+had+not+表語疑問句：Had +主語+表語 Did+主語+have+表語特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+have/has+表語否定疑問句：Did +主語+have/h

4、as+not+表語一般現(xiàn)在時：肯定句：主語+have/has+表語否定句：主語+have/has +not+表語疑問句：Do/Does+主語+have/has+表語特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has +主語+表語否定疑問句：Do/Does +主語+not+表語注意：不管是過去時還是現(xiàn)在時，疑問句都需要助動詞did或do.c.情態(tài)動詞過去式： 一般過去時：將情態(tài)動詞變成過去式，后面加原形，其他句型轉(zhuǎn)變的規(guī)則與be動詞基本一致。shall will can may must have to 例：I can swim.肯定句:否定句：疑問句：3) 怎樣從時間狀語上判斷一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時一般

5、過去時：yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening) ；the day before yesterday ；last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世紀(jì)）； ago ；this morning/afternoon/evening ；when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句（過去時）； just now ；the other day - a few days ago； at the age of 10 （過去年齡段） ；in the old days 一般現(xiàn)在時：always,usually,regularl

6、y,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,occasionally,from time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, hardly, ever, never4) 一般過去時與一般現(xiàn)在時動詞的變化規(guī)則：一般過去時：A. 規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成有四條規(guī)則：一般在動詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed。如：st

7、op-stopped。末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。B. 不規(guī)則動詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。注: 課本后面都有不規(guī)則動詞的變化，需熟記。一般現(xiàn)在時： a.一般情況下，加-s; b. 以s, sh, ch, x，o等結(jié)尾的詞, 加 es; c. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞, 變y 為i再加es.一、 課堂練習(xí)一）、寫出下列動詞的三單形式和過去式三單 過去式 三單 過去式 三單 過去式 三單 過去式buy

8、_ _ fly _ _ plant _ _ study _ _drink _ _ play_ _ go _ _ make _ _do _ _ dance _ _ worry _ _ ask _ _taste _ _ eat _ _ _ _ read _ _ _ put _ _ let _ _ run _ _ keep _ _ have  _ _ find _ _ get _ _ _ _ eat _ _ _ ring _ _ write_ _ sleep _ _ give _ _ stop  _ _二）. 用正確的動詞形式填空1. The children _ (r

9、un) everyday.2. -I _ up at half past six this morning. (get )-My father always _(come) back from work very late.3. My mother _ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)4. They _ _ a meeting yesterday. ( not have)5. - _ you _ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I dont have any. 6. She likes eggs, but sh

10、e _ (not like) bread.7. My mother (tell) me a story every night.8. How much meat _ you _ (want) ? - A kilo, please.9. Someone _ (be) in the next room.10. There _ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box.11. You must _ (get) here at two this afternoon.12. The twins _ thirteen two years ago. (be)

11、13. We must _ (help ) the teacher carry it. 14. Who _ (teach) you English in your school?15. The teacher is busy. He only _ (sleep) five hours a day.16. Near our school there _ (be) a shop, it _ (sell) a lot of books.17. She   _     (go) to school from Monday

12、to Friday. 18. What _ he _ (like)?19. He _ (teach) English in a middle school.20. You always        (do) your homework well.21. He can _ (sing) this song.22. Lets _ ( help ) my mother _ (cook).23. I think Li Lei must _ (be) at school. 24. There _ (be) some bre

13、ad and meat on the table.25. Liu Ying _ (study) in Beijing these days.26. Han Meimei often _ (play) games after school.27. Lily _ (be) a Young Pioneer.三）. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.They came to China in 1990.(變一般疑問句)_ they _ to China in 1990?2. I was ill for two days last week? (同上)_ you ill for two days last week?3. T

14、he twins go to school on foot every day. (同上)_ the twins _ to school on foot every day?4.She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 變否定句) She _ _ the clothes last Sunday.5. My mother likes her students. (變一般疑問句) _6. Do you watch TV on Sunday? (用last Sunday 改寫成過去時態(tài)的句子)_7. Wei Hua bought a new pen yesterda

15、y. (變否定句) She _ _ a new pen yesterday.8. We had a meeting the day before yesterday. (變一般疑問句) _ you _ a meeting the day before yesterday?9. They had a good time last Sunday. _ _ the twins _ a good time?10. There were some cars in front of the house just now.否定句：There _ _ cars in front of the house ju

16、st now.一般疑問句：_ there _ cars in front of the house just now?11. He went to the zoo with his father yesterday.否定句：He _ _ to the zoo with his father yesterday.一般疑問句：_ he _ to the zoo with his father yesterday?特殊疑問句： he yesterday? 12. Mary usually plays games with her grandparents. 否定句：Mary usually

17、 _ _ games with her grandparents.一般疑問句：_ Mary usually _ games with her grandparents?特殊疑問句： Mary usually ?13. Mary does her homework well.否定句：Mary her homework well. 一般疑問句： Mary her homework well? 二、 作業(yè)布置一）填空1 They_ (be) on the farm a moment ago.2 There_ (be) a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_(not go)to be

18、d until 11:00 o'clock last night.4 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago.5 I _(see)Li Lei _(go) out just now.6 He _(do)his homework every day. But he _(not do)it yesterday.7 When I was young, I _(play)games with my friends.8 When _you_(write)this book? I _it last year.9 Did he_(have) lunch at home?11.There _ (be) some bread and meat on the table.13.Liu Ying _ (study) in Beijing